Partial replacement of fishmeal with corn gluten meal,pea protein isolate and their mixture in diet of black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) juveniles: Effects on growth performance,feed utilization and haematological parameters

Corn gluten meal (CGM), pea protein isolate (PPI) and their mixture (CPP, 1:1 ratio) were evaluated as fishmeal (FM) alternatives in black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) juveniles (9.02 ± 0.12 g). A FM diet was designed as control, and other six diets had 20% and 40% FM protein replaced by CGM, PPI and CPP, respectively, with the supplementation of crystalline methionine, arginine and lysine. After the 8‐week feeding trial, significantly lower weight gain was found in fish fed the 40% CGM diet (p < .05), whereas other treatments had no statistical difference (p > .05). The values of feed efficiency ratio and feed intake, as well as proximate compositions of muscle and whole body, were not significantly influenced in all treatments. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine and lysine were significantly influenced by protein source. Fish fed the 40% CGM diet had significantly higher content of essential amino acid in muscle than that of the 20% PPI diet. Fish fed the 40% CGM diet had significantly lower content of serum cholesterol than other treatments (p < .05). Elevated serum superoxide dismutase activity was found in fish fed the 40% plant protein diets. In conclusion, between 20% and 40% FM protein could be replaced by CGM, while about 40% FM protein derived from PPI and CPP could be applied in black sea bream.     

Neuropharmacological activities of fruit essential oil from Litsea cubeba Persoon

Litsea cubeba (Lauraceae) is woody plant endemic to Taiwan that is traditionally used as a spice. In the current study, several behavioral analyses were performed to evaluate the neuropharmacological activity of the essential fruit oil of L. cubeba in ICR mice. Oral administration of 100, 300 and 500?mg/kg of L. cubeba fruit oil significantly prolonged pentobarbitone-induced mouse sleeping time by 20.0, 110.8, and 159.6?%, respectively. In addition, after administration of L. cubeba oil, mice significantly increased the time spent in the open arms and number of entries into the open arms of an elevated plus maze compared to saline-treated mice suggesting that L. cubeba oil has anxiolytic activity. A tail-flick test conducted after treatment of mice with 500?mg/kg L. cubeba fruit oil also suggested that this oil has potent analgetic activity. According to GC/MS analyses, the essential fruit oil of L. cubeba oil consists of 23 compounds. The main components are geranial (37.16?%), neral (28.29?%), and d-limonene (22.90?%). We conclude that L. cubeba oil has a potent effect on the central nervous system of mice.     

规模化奶牛场重要疫病防疫规范和方案的有关规定

"困难如潮,希望似海"。建设现代农业产业技术体系是提高农业科技创新能力和创新效率的新思路、新机制。要以产品为单元,以产业为主线,梳理每个农产品产业链条的技术需求,解决每个环节的生产技术难题,依靠科技进步提升农业的素质、效益和竞争力。本刊携手国家奶牛产业技术研发中心共同开办"奶牛养殖"专栏。本栏目将围绕奶业发展的需求,以详实的数据、实用的技术、朴实的文章、精美的版式,宣传现代奶牛产业技术,提高奶业科技创新能力,增强我国奶业竞争力。     

锯缘青蟹养殖技术之二利用废弃虾池养殖锯缘青蟹技术

锯缘青蟹是畅销国内外市场的高档水产品之一.近年来,利用废弃虾池改养锯缘青蟹取得了较好的经济效益,以下就有关虾池如何开展锯缘青蟹养殖介绍如下:     

黄颡鱼人工繁殖的几个关键问题

近年来,随着黄颡鱼养殖的不断发展,黄颡鱼苗种的供应日趋紧张.为了解决和突破这一制约黄颡鱼养殖的"瓶颈"问题,生产更多更优质的黄颡鱼苗种,保证黄颡鱼养殖稳步而快速的发展,对黄颡鱼的人工催产繁殖各地都做了大量的研究工作.     

单克隆抗体(Monoclonal antivodies)技术在水生动物疾病上的研究进展

单克隆抗体的发现和使用,大大提高免疫学检测的特异性和临床治疗的精确性,对生物、化学、医学、免疫学等多个领域的研究有着深远的影响.本文简要介绍了单克隆抗体的技术原理,回顾了单克隆抗体的应用背景,并将目前单克隆抗体在水产上各领域的应用情况进行了总结概括,对该项技术在水生动物疾病上的应用前景进行了展望.     

腹水病(Virulent ascitesosis disease)和溃烂病(Ulcer disease)致病病原四联疫苗制备及免疫牙鲆效果评价

腹水病和溃烂病是海水工厂化养殖牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）危害严重的疾病。作者用本实验室分离鉴定的腹水病、溃烂病致病菌-迟缓爱德华氏菌（Edwardsiella tarda,Et）、溶藻弧菌（Vibrio alginolyticus,Val）、杀鲑气单胞菌（Aeromonas salmonicida,As）和同行实验室赠予的鳗弧菌（Vibrio anguillarum,Van）制备灭活菌苗,设计四种不同配比四联疫苗,按正交试验要求,分别腹腔注射接种免疫牙鲆,检测单抗原抗体效价,统计分析筛选出组合合理的四联疫苗,配比为Et：Val：Van：As=2：1：1：2,并进行了疫苗安全性、稳定性评价及免疫牙鲆效果观察。发现该四联疫苗是安全的,稳定的,可在4℃下存放1年以上活性不降低,能有效刺激牙鲆特异性免疫系统产生免疫应答,免疫后7天血清抗体效价明显升高,免疫后14d血清抗体效价达到最高水平,为2^10;人工攻毒试验测定相对免疫保护率为60％。表明,筛选出的牙鲆腹水病和溃烂病四联疫苗安全有效,可同时预防腹水病、溃烂病的发生和流行。     

刺参与日本对虾池塘高效混养技术

刺参夏眠期间正是日本对虾生长的大好季节,将刺参和日本对虾混养,在7月份放养虾苗,严格控制养殖池内的杂鱼虾等,就可大大提高日本对虾和刺参的成活率,利用此二者在饵料和空间的互补性,可显著提高虾池的利用率和经济效益。     

Fe~(3+)对鼠尾藻光合呼吸作用和生化组成的影响

研究了不同浓度Fe~(3+)对鼠尾藻光合作用、呼吸作用和体内不同生化组成的影响。结果表明,不同的Fe~(3+)浓度对鼠尾藻真光合速率和呼吸速率均有显著的影响,在0.04 mg/L的Fe~(3+)浓度下鼠尾藻的光合作用能力达到最强,而0.06 mg/L的Fe~(3+)浓度下鼠尾藻的呼吸作用达到最高;不同Fe~(3+)浓度下,鼠尾藻体内叶绿素a浓度和类胡萝卜素浓度变化显著,可溶性蛋白含量和可溶性糖含量变化不显著。     

天津大神堂牡蛎礁国家级海洋特别保护区水质分析

为了对天津大神堂牡蛎礁国家级海洋特别保护区进行水质环境分析,2012年4月、9月和2013年5月、9月分别对该特别保护区海域进行了4个航次的水质环境调查,并通过单项水质评价法、海水营养指数评价法、有机污染综合指数法等对该特别保护区海域的水质进行质量分析。调查数据表明,该保护区海水受无机氮污染严重,4个航次无机氮污染指数均大于1;海水营养指数分布范围为1．60～93．76,平均值为14．58,处于重度富营养状态;有机污染指数分布范围为0．96～6．58,平均值为2．76,处于3级轻度污染状态。结果表明,无机氮为该海域主要污染因子,富营养化及有机污染情况严重并呈增加趋势。目前保护区已经建立,但对于保护区的治理有待进一步开展,还需对该保护区进行长期的监测与科学研究。