我国牧区畜牧业经营形式的历史沿革、分析及改革思路

本文通过阐述我国牧区畜牧业经营形式的历史演变及特点,推出了牧区畜牧业经营形式的两种模式,进一步结合经济学分析和现实问题,提出了牧区畜牧业经营形式改革的可行性和思路。     

高钙牛奶稳定性研究

钙强化后的高钙牛奶可以提供更多利于人体的钙质,研究了制备高钙牛奶时所需要的钙源、乳化剂以及增稠剂,采用正交试验确定了复配稳定剂的成分及用量,并利用粒径分析仪对高钙牛奶稳定性进行了研究.     

Second-intention repair in the horse and pony and management of exuberant granulation tissue.

Second-intention repair is faster in ponies than in horses and faster in body wounds than in limb wounds. To a large extent, the differences between horses and ponies can be explained by differences in the local inflammatory response, which are a result of the functional capacity of leukocytes. In ponies, leukocytes produce more inflammatory mediators,resulting in better local defense, faster cellular debridement, and a faster transition to the repair phases, with more wound contraction. In horses,leukocytes produce fewer mediators, initiating a weak inflammatory response, which becomes chronic. This inhibits wound contraction and gives rise to the formation of exuberant granulation tissue. The anatomic environment that influences the inflammatory response and wound contraction most probably determines the differences between body and limb wounds. In body wounds, better perfusion results in faster initiation of the inflammatory phase. The weaker local resistance results in a greater degree of contraction. In limb wounds, particularly of horses, the initial inflammatory response is weak and wound contraction is restricted. Both factors give rise to chronic inflammation, which further inhibits wound contraction and promotes exuberant granulation tissue. The high incidence of exuberant granulation tissue in limb wounds of horses can thus be explained by the chronicity of the inflammatory response as well as by the common use of bandages during treatment. Chronic inflammation is often not recognized as a cause of exuberant granulation tissue. It must be prevented and treated to promote the healing process. Bandages and casts stimulate the formation of exuberant granulation tissue; however, they are advantageous in many respects and play an important role in support of the overall healing process.     

原位杂交技术及其在水产养殖动物病毒性疾病诊断中的应用

本文介绍了原位杂交技术的发展概况、基本原理和应用价值,并概述了原位杂交技术在水产养殖动物(包括鱼、虾、贝类)病毒性疾病的检测、定位和体内表达模式等方面的应用。此外,还对该技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

泽泻对大鼠急性肝脏损伤的保护作用

为考察泽泻提取物对DL-乙硫氨酸(DL-ethionine)致肝脏损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。采用DL-乙硫氨酸(2.0mmol/L)处理大鼠原代肝细胞24h,制备大鼠急性肝脏损伤体外模型。分别以0.0、1.0、5.0、10.0、20.0、50.0μg/mL的泽泻粗提物作用于该模型,测定各组24h和48h细胞培养基上清液中的ALT、AST活性以及细胞裂解液中的甘油三酯(TG)、直接低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(D-LDL-C)。结果表明,添加泽泻的各组细胞培养基上清液中ALT、AST活力明显降低,细胞裂解液中TG、D-LDL-C含量降低,24h比48h时效果显著。泽泻粗提物的各浓度中,以5.0μg/mL为最佳。     

不同形态及不同粗纤维水平日粮对1～50日龄鸵鸟生长性能的影响

比较不同形态及不同粗纤维水平日粮对1～50日龄鸵鸟生产性能的影响,为鸵鸟雏鸟的全价颗粒饲粮配制提供试验论证及合理的粗纤维水平数据。选取1日龄健康的鸵鸟160只,随机分为4个处理(1个对照组,3个试验组),每处理4个重复,每重复10只雏鸟,对照组日粮形态为精料(粗纤维为5%)+苜蓿青草,3个试验组的日粮形态为全价颗粒饲料(其粗纤维水平分别为4%、5%、6%)。饲喂精料+苜蓿青草形态日粮的雏鸟体增重和饲料效率显著高于饲喂全价颗粒饲料的各处理(P0.05),并且没有雏鸟死亡;3个不同粗纤维水平的颗粒料的采食量和体增重的差异都不显著(P0.05),其中粗纤维水平为5%的颗粒饲料饲喂的效果相对较好,但该组的死亡率最高,为15.0%。以精料+苜蓿青草形态的日粮饲喂1～50日龄鸵鸟的效果好于饲喂全价颗粒饲料的效果;全价颗粒饲料粗纤维水平过低会引起鸵鸟雏鸟的粪干便秘并造成死亡,本试验表明,1～50日龄鸵鸟饲料中的粗纤维水平不宜低于6%。     

Symmetrical alopecia, scaling and hepatitis in a rabbit

A 5-year-old rabbit with inappetence, symmetrical alopecia and skin lesions was examined. No mites or Malassezia were found in skin scrapings and tape impressions and dermatophyte culture was negative. Trial therapy with ivermectin did not reduce skin lesion severity, and euthanasia was performed because of anorexia after 1 month. Histopathology of the skin showed hyperkeratosis, lymphocytic exocytosis, cell-poor interface dermatitis (lymphocytic infiltration and apoptotic cells in basal layer of epidermis), absence of sebaceous glands and lymphocytic mural folliculitis comparable to sebaceous adenitis and thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis previously described in rabbits. The liver exhibited an interface hepatitis, comparable to autoimmune hepatitis in man. The occurrence of morphological similarities to exfoliative dermatitis and sebaceous adenitis in rabbits, in association with an autoimmune hepatitis, has not been described before.     

秦岭野生草坪植物一羊茅的引种驯化

通过对秦岭野生草坪植物一羊茅两个生态型(变种)的引种试验观察,初步发现它们具有绿期长、抗逆性强、繁殖能力强、抗杂草病害等特点,为具有开发前景的优良冷季型草坪植物.     

影响反刍动物产品中共轭亚油酸富集因素的研究进展

共轭亚油酸(CLA)又被称为过瘤胃脂肪酸。近年来,随着CLA对人体健康的重要作用被陆续发现,通过饲养途径如何提高反刍动物产品中CLA含量成为当前动物营养研究领域的热点。本文在查阅国内外CLA最新研究进展的基础上,对影响反刍动物产品中CLA合成的因素加以综述。     

中药抗病毒性疫病作用机制研究进展

病毒性疫病作为一类具有高度传染性的疾病,目前尚缺乏理想的抗病毒药物,而中药因其独特的病毒病防治视角,成为近年来我国学者们研究的热点。研究显示,多种中药及其有效成分对病毒有一定的抑制作用。本文结合病毒性疫病发病机理与近年来抗病毒中药研究成果,对中药的抗病毒机制进行阐述,以期为多方位、多靶点、天然低毒兽医临床抗病毒药物的研发提供帮助。