安徽省危险废物利用处置现状及管理对策

通过分析安徽省危险废物产生、利用、处置现状,发现安徽省危险废物经营单位数量、经营规模及经营种类的区域分布特点,指出企业经营和环境监管方面存在的问题,并提出相应的管理对策和建议。建议健全法律法规体系,结合实际更新现行管理制度,实行危险废物分类分级管理,进一步推进信息化管理平台建设等。     

The Effect of Kefir as a Dietary Supplement on Nonspecific Immune Response and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792)

In this study, juvenile rainbow trout fed with commercial pellets containing kefir provided increased nonspecific immune response and improved disease resistance against lactococcosis and yersiniosis. Kefir was used as a feed supplement at 2, 5, and 10% inclusion rates and several nonspecific immune parameters were observed at day(s) 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 following the treatment. A total of four experimental groups, including control, was established. The various parameters including hematocrits, nitroblue tetrazolium positive neutrophils, total leukocytes, serum lysozyme activity, total serum protein, and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were examined. As a result of this study, kefir‐fed fish had an increase in measured nonspecific immune parameters, especially in the group received the 10% kefir treatment. The challenged fish fed with kefir‐supplemented diet showed a better survival rate against Lactococcus garvieae than Yersinia ruckeri. Kefir supplementation reduced fish mortality significantly against L. garvieae.     

中药-甜菜碱复方对高温环境中三黄鸡组织器官生长发育的影响

本试验目的是探讨中药甜菜碱复方对处于高温环境中三黄鸡消化系统和免疫系统部分组织器官生长发育的影响。选择15日龄三黄鸡288只,随机分成8组。高温对照组仅喂基础日粮,中药Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.4%、0.8%、1.2%的中药,中药甜菜碱Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.4%中药＋0.2%甜菜碱、0.8%中药＋0.2%甜菜碱、1.2%中药＋0.2%甜菜碱,甜菜碱组在基础日粮中仅添加0.2%甜菜碱。在42日龄、70日龄和98日龄时,每组随机选取4只（2公、2母）,剖解,称量其消化系统和免疫系统部分组织器官重量,并固定,制片,显微镜下观察组织细胞变化。结果表明,与高温对照组相比,添加中药甜菜碱复方Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组三黄鸡的肌胃、胰腺和肾脏的重量在3个日龄段均显著（P〈0.05）增加,胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊重量显著（P〈0.05）或极显著（P〈0.01）增加;添加中药Ⅱ组和甜菜碱组仅胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊的重量显著增加（P〈0.05）。71-98日龄段,中药甜菜碱复方Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,甜菜碱组,中药Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肝脏重量显著（P〈0.05）或极显著（P〈0.01）增加。中药、甜菜碱及复合添加剂对15-42日龄腺胃重量和15-70日龄肝脏重量的影响则不明显。组织学观察,高温对照组三黄鸡肝脏、胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊等器官造成不同程度的病理变化,而0.8%中药-0.2%甜菜碱复方组三黄鸡相应的组织器官则未见有明显的病理变化。这表明高温环境对三黄鸡消化系统和免疫系统某些组织器官产生了一定的损伤,添加中药甜菜碱复方可缓解其损伤,促进组织器官的生长发育。其中,以添加0.8%中药-0.2%甜菜碱复方抗高温应激的效果最好。     

江苏部分地区鹅球虫种类调查

目的了解江苏地区鹅球虫感染情况。方法在扬州、南京、常州、无锡不同地区选择37个鹅群,群体采样法采集粪样,饱和食盐水收集卵囊,显微镜下观察,进行虫种鉴定。结果共查37个鹅群,球虫阳性27个群,占78．38％。共检到1科3属8种球虫,其中艾美耳属（Eimeria）6种：鹅艾美耳球虫（Eanseris）、有毒艾美耳球虫（Etlocens）、金黄艾美耳球虫（E.fulva）、赫尔曼艾美耳球虫（Ehermani）、法立兰艾美耳球虫（E.farri）、多斑艾美耳球虫（E．stigmosa）;泰泽属（Tyzzeria）1种：稍小泰泽球虫（rparvula）;等孢属（Isospora）1种：鹅等孢球虫（L.anseris）。稍小泰泽球虫、赫尔曼艾美耳球虫、多班艾美耳球虫为优势种,其感染率分别为86．21％、75．86％、58．62％;天鹅主要感染稍小泰泽球虫,其感染率为60％。结论江苏地区鹅球虫感染率较高,需要加强综合防治工作。     

PK结肠溶胶囊对犬结肠炎的疗效评价

为评价PK结肠溶胶囊对犬结肠炎的治疗效果,探索更安全有效的治疗药物,以16只中华田园犬作为试验动物制作急性溃疡性结肠炎模型,随机平均分为4组,试验组分别口服PK结肠溶胶囊1颗/kg(正常剂量组)、2颗/kg(2倍剂量组)及柳氮磺吡啶结肠溶胶囊(阳性药物组,1颗/kg),测定给药后犬血液白细胞总数(WBC)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)参数变化,用内窥镜观察肠黏膜愈合状况。结果:2倍剂量组和阳性药物组给药后第4dWBC恢复到正常范围,正常剂量组给药后第7d未恢复到正常范围;2倍剂量组给药后第7dCRP恢复到正常范围,正常剂量组和阳性药物组未恢复到正常范围;内窥镜观察肠黏膜愈合状况疗效最好的是2倍剂量组。结论:PK结肠溶胶囊以2颗/kg剂量治疗犬结肠炎疗效明显,效果优于1颗/kg的正常剂量和柳氮磺吡啶。     

犬胆结石引发肝外总胆管阻塞的诊治

1例贵宾犬出现呕吐、食欲不振、可视黏膜黄染和明显腹痛;血常规显示轻度贫血和白细胞总数升高;血清生化显示丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素升高,C-反应蛋白显著升高,胰腺特异性脂肪酶异常;B超显示胆囊和总胆管扩张,胆囊及总胆管内有胆结石。确诊为胆结石并继发慢性胆囊炎、肝外总胆管阻塞、急性胰腺炎、肝损伤,采用胆囊摘除术及总胆管切开术将结石取出,术后该犬恢复良好。     

Pharmacokinetics of sodium baicalin following intravenous and intramuscular administration to piglets

The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of baicalin after intravenous and intramuscular administration of sodium baicalin at 50 mg/kg to piglets. Plasma baicalin levels were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The plasma concentration–time data of baicalin for both administration routes were best described by two‐compartmental open model. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve and the elimination half‐lives were 77.47 ± 6.14 µg/ml × h and 1.73 ± 0.16 hr for intravenous and 64.85 ± 5.67 µg/ml × h and 2.42 ± 0.15 hr for intramuscular administration, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution and body clearance were 1.63 ± 0.23 L/kg and 2.74 ± 0.30 L h^?1 kg^?1 for intravenous and 0.51 ± 0.10 L/kg and 0.78 ± 0.08 L h^?1 kg^?1 for intramuscular routes, respectively. An intramuscular injection of sodium baicalin in piglets resulted in rapid and complete absorption, with a mean maximal plasma concentration of 77.28 ± 7.40 µg/ml at 0.17 hr and a high absolute bioavailability of 83.73 ± 5.53%.     

看待"三农"问题要有全球视野

美国金融危机引发了全球性的连锁反应,许多国家纷纷动用财政资金干预市场,同时采取降息政策刺激消费。在这样的背景下,市场潜力巨大的中国自然令世界瞩目。在我国出口乏力,调控加强的前提下,