黄河口附近海域海洋生物体中石油烃总量变化的研究

在海洋污染中，石油污染是一个主要方面。近年来，随着沿海石油的勘探和开采，石油污染对海洋资源的危害日趋严重。本文就黄河口附近海域海洋生物体内石油烃含量及其相互关系进行了探讨。结果表明，各种海洋生物肌肉中石油烃含量依次为：双壳类＞头足类＞甲壳类＞鱼类，季节和个体大小及不同区域对石油烃含量也有一定的影响。     

长沙市野生态动物园斑马蜱pcox1基因扩增及序列分析

为研究长沙市生态动物园引进的非洲肯尼亚斑马蜱的线粒体DNA的部分细胞色素C氧化酶第Ⅰ亚基(cytochrome coxidase subunit l,pcox1)基因序列的遗传变异情况,本研究对其线粒体pcox1基因序列进行PCR扩增,并使用DNAStar(V5.01)、Clustalx2.0及Phylip3.67进行分析。结果显示,几种斑马蜱为消色牛蜱、丽色扇头蜱和璃眼蜱属,种间差异为0.7%~20.2%,种内相似度较高,表明pcox1基因可作为蜱种间遗传变异研究的标记,研究结果为蜱的分类鉴定以及进一步的分子流行病学调查奠定了基础。     

长江云阳江段四大家鱼产卵场浮游植物初步调查

四大家鱼繁殖期间 ( 2 0 0 2年 5月至 6月 )对云阳江段产卵场浮游植物进行了调查 ,结果表明 :浮游植物生物量为 0 .5 0 6 75mg L ,其中硅藻为优势种群。其浮游植物种类组成和数量与江河汛期水文状况有明显关系。     

Morphological studies of peripheral blood cells of the Chinese sturgeon, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acipenser sinensis</Emphasis>

The peripheral blood cells of one-year-old Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) have been studied by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The erythrocyte count was 84.86 × 10⁴ cell mm⁻³ in the peripheral blood of the fish and that of leukocytes was 2.24 × 10⁴ cell mm⁻³. The erythrocytes and four main types of leucocyte—thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes (including neutrophils and eosinophils), and monocytes, were identified in the peripheral blood. In addition to normal erythrocytes, reticulocytes and division of erythrocytes were observed. Thrombocytes were the most numerous among the leukocytes, and the number of neutrophils with lobated nuclei was larger than for other fish. The structures of the erythrocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and thrombocytes of the fish were studied. The erythrocytes were almost completely devoid of organelles, except for some mitochondria and granules. A large number of vacuoles and a few organelles were observed in cytoplasm of the monocytes. There were many microvilli on the membrane and pseudopodia-like cytoplasm bulge in the lymphocytes. The neutrophils were round or oval in shape with bilobed, trilobed, or multilobed nuclei whereas the eosinophils had big special granules, dark stained. There were many vesicles in some thrombocytes, which were related to its phagocytosis; some thrombocytes had almost no cytoplasm or organelles.     

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. in recirculating systems

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of a recirculation system for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L.; production was assessed. Survival, growth and feed conversion ratio of adult Nile tilapia fed 30% crude protein diet for 88 days were measured at three different salinity levels (8, 15 and 25 g L^?1) and two stocking densities (20 and 40 m^?3) in three independent recirculating systems. Highest survival (98%) and a linear growth in net biomass (P<0.01) was observed in both densities at 8 g L^?1 and in 20 m^?3 treatment at 15 g L^?1. Highest net biomass growth was observed in the 40 m^?3 stocking density treatment at 8 g L^?1 salinity level (P<0.05). Overall biomass growth was significantly affected by salinity indicating a decrease in Nile tilapia carrying capacity with increased salinity. About 11 000 kg ha^?1 crop^?1 of Nile tilapia can be obtained in recirculating systems at 8 g L^?1 salinity, significantly higher than the net production at 15 g L^?1 (5200 kg ha^?1 crop^?1) and 22 g L^?1 (4425 kg ha^?1 crop^?1).     

利用速冻蓝莓酿制蓝莓酒的技术研究

以速冻蓝莓为原料,通过对冻藏和常温蓝莓汁发酵进行比较,研究菌种及接种量、发酵温度、澄清方法,确定最佳工艺。结果表明：经冻藏处理的蓝莓与新鲜果实发酵的果酒品质没有太大区别。采用果酒酵母3#,接种量3％,主发酵温度控制在10-15℃,发酵时间12d,硅藻土用量为2．5％时,能生产出优质的蓝莓酒。     

西瓜未成熟胚高效再生体系的建立

为了建立西瓜高效遗传转化的再生体系,以西瓜杂交品种‘秀玲’、自交系‘97103’和野生种质‘PI296341’的未成熟胚为外植体,分析了基因型、未成熟胚发育时间和植物生长调节剂等因素对体外再生率的影响,获得了西瓜离体培养再生植株。结果表明,以授粉后24 d的西瓜未成熟胚为外植体,在MS+SH维生素+6-BA2.2 mg·L-1培养基上,‘秀玲’、‘97103’和‘PI296341’的未成熟胚外植体能够诱导出不定芽,不定芽诱导率为87.78%、82.78%和86.11%,不定芽在MS+SH维生素+6-BA 0.2 mg·L-1+IAA 0.02 mg·L-1培养基上伸长、展叶,在MS+IBA 1.0mg·L-1的培养基上诱导生根得到完整的再生植株。以未成熟胚为外植体获得再生植株的途径,可为西瓜遗传转化提供有效的受体系统。     

虾塘沉积物—水界面的营养盐扩散通量及其在养殖季节的变化

以自行设计的方法测定了对虾养殖环境中沉积物-水界面的营养盐扩散通量。结果表明，营养盐自底质向养殖水体的扩散贯穿于整个对虾养殖季节；该扩散通量的最大值出现在养殖后期的有机质污染区，即投铒区；在污染区，养殖后期的扩散通量大大高于养殖前期，但在非污染区却未见其随养殖季节的明显差异；污染区的扩散通量始终高于非污染区，且随养殖时间的推移，该差异逐渐增大。此外，还比较了新、旧虾塘之间的营养盐扩散通量的差异。初步探讨了底质溶出营养盐对对虾养殖环境的影响。     

乳山湾东流区海水营养盐消长与盐度的关系

利用数理统计的方法，对乳山湾东流区６－９月间的水化学，水文和生物观测数据进行处理，结果表明６－９月间硝酸盐与盐度有着极显著的负相关关系，６月和９月亚硝酸盐和氮氨与盐度呈显著性相关，而７月和８月养殖高峰期间呈弱相关关系。     

“农好1号”叶面肥在茶树上的应用研究

研究了喷施＂农好1号＂处理对茶叶产量、品质等方面的影响。结果表明,与清水和尿素处理比较,＂农好1号＂处理后的茶叶产量分别增加了18.5%与10%;茶叶中茶多酚、水浸出物、咖啡碱、氨基酸四项指标较清水处理有显著提高,与尿素处理相比则增加不显著。茶叶感官审评结果与生化成分变化一致。