优质国审棉品种——ZHM19

概述了ZHM19的选育过程、特征特性、产量、纤维品质和抗病性等特点及主要栽培技术措施。     

玉米新品种吉圣玉908选育

吉圣玉908是四川省三台县大圣玉米研究所选育的玉米杂交种,适宜在西南山区中海拔地区种植,具有广适、优质、综合抗性好的特点。2015—2016年在四川省区试平均产量为9 245.63kg/hm~2,比对照增产11.45%,2年分别比对照正红311增产11.2%和11.7%;生产试验平均产量9 323.4kg/hm~2,较对照增产10.3%。2018年通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为川审玉2018009号。     

Effects of natural pyrethrum and synthetic pyrethroids on the tiger mosquito,Aedes albopictus (skuse) and non-target flower-visiting insects in urban green areas of Padua,Italy

Abstract

The tiger mosquito is a key vector of several human diseases and is considered a public health concern worldwide. The implementation of strategies aimed at maximizing mosquito control without affecting non-target insect groups is of major importance. In a field trial, we tested the efficiency of a natural pyrethrum-based vs. a synthetic pyrethroid-based insecticide in reducing tiger mosquito population and how they affect the diversity of non-target flower-visiting insects in green urban areas. Only the pyrethroid insecticide was effective in reducing mosquito abundance, although its effects disappeared nine days after application. The two adulticides did not significantly affect the diversity of flower-visiting insects, probably because of their large body size and the difference in flying and foraging activity. To effectively control mosquito populations while preventing intoxication of non-target flower-visiting insects, adulticide applications should be applied early in the morning and only on bushes and trees. Results from our small-scale applications cannot be extrapolate when larger areas are treated.     

Effect of chlorogenic acid on intestinal inflammation,antioxidant status,and microbial community of young hens challenged with acute heat stress

Heat stress in poultry is deleterious to productive performance. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) exerts antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplemental CGA on the intestinal health and cecal microbiota composition of young hens challenged with acute heat stress. 100-day-old Hy-line brown pullets were randomly divided into four groups. The control group (C) and heat stress group (HS) received a basal diet. HS + CGA₃₀₀ group and HS + CGA₆₀₀ group received a basal diet supplemented with 300- and 600-mg/kg CGA, respectively, for 2 weeks before heat stress exposure. Pullets of HS, HS + CGA₃₀₀, and HS + CGA₆₀₀ group were exposed to 38°C for 4 h while the control group was maintained at 25°C. In this study, dietary CGA supplementation had effect on mitigate the decreased T-AOC and T-SOD activities and the increasing of IL-1β and TNFα induced by acute heat stress. Dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg CGA had better effect on increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial genera, such as Rikenellaceae RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, and Christensenellaceae R-7_group, and deceasing bacteria genera involved in inflammation, such as Sutterella species. Therefore, CGA can ameliorate acute heat stress damage through suppressing inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity and cecal microbiota composition.     

中国肉牛业现状和发展对策

本文介绍了中国肉牛业的现状，分析了中国肉牛业生产中存在的3个方面的问题，提出了中国肉牛业发展的5个对策，即继续开展肉牛改良，加快肉牛良种培育和扩繁；提高肉牛饲养管理水平，促进优质肉牛生产；提高牛肉产品质量；实现产业化生产；实施牛肉品牌战略。     

根据饲料可消化氨基酸研制肉仔鸡无鱼粉饲粮试验

选用２４０只ＡＡ商品代出壳肉仔鸡进行试验，以探讨根据饲料中可消化氨基酸含量，研制菜籽粕型无鱼粉低蛋白肉仔鸡饲粮的饲用效果。结果表明：以可消化氨基酸为基础研制的菜籽粕型无鱼粉肉仔鸡低蛋白平衡饲粮，可降低饲粮蛋白质水平１－１．５个百分点，试验鸡４９日龄体重达２１５８．２６克、料肉比２．１５：１，增重和饲料转化率均达到或接近鱼粉型高蛋白饲粮的效果；每吨菜籽粕型无鱼粉饲粮可比鱼粉型饲粮降低原料成本７２－８     

茶多酚(TP)对家禽免疫功能的研究

选用14日龄健康的海佩科内用仔鸡48羽,随机分成试验(24羽)和对照(24羽)两组.试验组在饲粮中添加0.25％的茶多酚(TP),研究TP对鸡免疫功能的作用.试验结果表明,TP对自然感染法氏囊病鸡,有明显提高(p<0.05)鸡血液中红细胞C_(3b)受体和免疫复合物的含量及保护鸡脾脏正常的免疫功能,同时也发现TP对公母鸡法氏囊的重量有不同影响.本试验表明,TP具有提高家禽免疫功能的作用.     

以球果量、雄花量等数量性状对油松优良无性系的再选择

本研究对油松无性系种子园 2 2个无性系的球果量和雄球花量进行观测调查 ,并对数据进行处理。通过无性系内和无性系间的方差分析、聚类分析和秩序排序法对各无性系进行分类和排序。研究结果表明 :无性系间球果量和雄球花量的差异极显著 ,而无性系内差异不显著。并筛选出 1 61 #,6#,2 9#,63 #,78#5个球果数量大 ,占总数的 46% ,雄花量高 ,占总数的 5 7.6%的无性系为优良无性系