The Fluorescent Characterization and Analysis of Two Brucella Attenuated Vaccine Infecting Mouse Macrophagocyte

The experiment was conducted to discuss the difference of binding time of green fluorescent protein B.melitensis M5 (GFP-M5) and B.abortus S19 (GFP-S19) infecting the mouse macrophagocyte (RAW264.7),lysosome,endoplasmic reticulum and golgi body in the initial stage and compare the binding rate of GFP-M5,GFP-S19 with organelle in different timeline,respectively,by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and flow cytometry.The result showed that GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 were successfully constructed.The intracellular survival ability of Brucella M5,Brucella S19,GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 were not obvisouly affected after infecting RAW264.7.GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 could enter the macrophagocyte in 30 mins,and in 2 h the Brucella could reach lysosome,endoplasmic reticulum and golgi body.In addition,the binding time for two attenuated vaccine did not show differences in 1,2,3 and 4 h.The content of GFP⁺ cell produced by RAW264.7 infected by GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 did not show significant differences (P>0.05).Therefore,the two strains did not have significant differences in the invasion ability in the initial stage of infecting host cell.     

青藏高原老芒麦野生种群生态特性与形态变异研究

对青藏高原老芒麦野生种群生态分布特性和形态学变异研究表明:(1)老芒麦在青藏高原地区分布广泛,群落生境可初步划分为高山亚高山草甸型、河谷草地型和森林灌丛型;群落组成以高山红柳+老芒麦+发草、沙棘+老芒麦+蒿类、老芒麦+锦鸡儿+鹅观草、老芒麦+披碱草+多节雀麦4种类型最多。(2)野生老芒麦种群形态学性状具广泛变异,其中与牧草产量和种子产量相关的形态性状变异较大,与分类相关的指标变异程度较小。(3)聚类分析将不同形态的老芒麦聚为三大类群,聚类结果除与海拔有一定关系外,与其地理分布的一致性不明显。(4)主成分分析表明,内外颖长、内外颖芒长、旗叶宽、倒二叶片长、株高、内外稃长、外稃芒长、内外稃宽、穗中部节上每小穗的小花数、穗长、叶色、茎粗、灰度和穗中部节上的小穗数是引起老芒麦形态分化的主要指标。     

牧草产业是我国家兔产业可持续发展的重要支撑

针对我国家免规模化养殖的快速发展,牧草作为家兔生产主要饲料原料来源,供需矛盾日益突出.本文重点从家兔消化生理特点、兔产品安全生产、农民增收、需求现状与问题等方面进行了论述,并提出了相应对策.     

发酵棉粕对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及免疫功能的影响

试验旨在研究发酵棉粕(FCM)替代豆粕(SBM)对AA肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化及免疫功能的影响,并确定发酵棉粕在AA肉鸡日粮中的最适添加量。试验选择480羽1日龄AA肉鸡(44.40±1.11)g,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,以玉米豆粕基础日粮为对照组,分别用5%、10%和15%的发酵棉粕替代豆粕。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加发酵棉粕对肉鸡平均日增重(ADG)、采食量(ADFI)和饲料增重比(F/G)无显著影响;21日龄时,添加5%FCM显著提高了肉鸡的血液IgG和IgM含量及法氏囊指数(P<0.05),添加15%FCM显著降低了血清中尿素氮(UN)含量(P<0.05),此外,3个FCM处理均能提高胸腺指数(P<0.05),但对脾脏指数无影响;42日龄时,5%和10%FCM组显著降低了血清中的UN含量(P<0.05),15%FCM还提高了胸腺和法氏囊指数(P<0.05)。试验通过主成分分析,在试验范围内建立了评价FCM综合效果的参数Z,并得到1~21日龄和22~42日龄阶段,FCM的适宜添加量分别为5%和15%。     

Rodent abundance triggered switch between the relative mutualism and predation in a rodent–seed system of the subtropical island forest

Density-dependent non-monotonic species interactions are important in maintaining ecosystem stability and function, but empirical evidences are still rare. Rodents, as both seed dispersers and seed predators, have dual effects on plant regeneration and may result in non-monotonic rodent-plant interactions. According to the non-monotonic models, the relative positive or negative effects of rodents on seedling establishment can be measured based on the positive or negative association of seedling recruitment rate and rodent abundance. In this study, we investigated the fates of acorns of Quercus serrata by tracking tagged seeds on 21 fragmented subtropical islands in the Thousand Island Lake, China. We found that the proportion of germinated seeds of all released seeds showed a dome-shaped association with rodent abundance per seed. The proportion of removed seeds and cached seeds showed a saturated- and a weak dome-shaped association with rodent abundance per seed, respectively. Our results demonstrated a clear empirical evidence that rodent abundance per seed triggered a switch between the relative mutualism and predation in a rodent–seed system. Our study implied that the observed non-monotonic interactions between plants and animals may play a significant role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function. We appeal for more investigations of the complex non-monotonic interactions in various ecosystems.     

川西北高寒沙地不同年限高山柳林下优势植物碳、氮、磷生态化学计量特征

通过采集川西北高寒沙地不同年限(6、18、24年)高山柳林下3种优势植被藏沙蒿、裂叶独活和镰荚棘豆,分别测定分析3种植被叶片、根部C、N、P化学计量特征变化特征。结果表明:不同年限高山柳林下植被C、N、P含量及其比值间存在显著差异且呈现出不同变化趋势。林下植被C含量整体下降;叶N含量呈上升趋势,根N含量随年限增长而下降;除藏沙蒿外,林下植被P含量变化不显著;C∶N变化范围为1.92~12.86;C∶P为29.18~196.88;不同年限高山柳林下植被N∶P间虽存在差异,但均表现出主要受到P限制,表明该区域植被生长主要受P限制,应注意P养分的适当补充。     

蓝狐与银狐褪黑激素受体1A基因的克隆及序列分析

根据其它物种褪黑激素受体（melatonin receptor, MTNR）1A基因核酸序列的同源性设计引物,PCR扩增蓝狐和银狐MTNR1A基因的546 bp DNA序列,GenBank登录号分别为EU170442和EU170443。蓝狐和银狐MTNR1A基因DNA序列同源性为99.1%,编码的氨基酸同源性为99.4%,与人、鼠及绵羊MTNR1A基因同源性为84%~86%,与鸡MTNR1A基因同源性为74%。     

影响肉质嫩度calpain基因的研究进展

钙蛋白酶是一种存在于细胞内的非溶酶体性的限制性蛋白水解酶,在宰后肉质的嫩化和肉质的改善过程中起着重要的作用,本文对钙蛋白酶分类、结构、调节作用、嫩化机制及分离纯化方法等方面进行了阐述。     

浙东白鹅催乳素受体基因的克隆及其表达特点的研究

本研究克隆了浙东白鹅催乳素受体基因（PRLR）的部分序列,并应用荧光定量PCR技术研究了浙东白鹅在产蛋期、就巢期和恢复期时PRLR基因在下丘脑、垂体和卵巢中的表达特点,结果表明,浙东白鹅PRLR基因的表达量在产蛋期、就巢期和恢复期差异显著（P〈0.05）,就巢期表达量最高,产蛋期次之,恢复期表达量最低。对不同组织PRLR的表达量分析,垂体最多,其次是下丘脑,卵巢中的表达量最低,垂体与卵巢中的表达量、卵巢与下丘脑的表达量均有极显著的差异（P〈0.01）,垂体与下丘脑中的表达量差异不显著（P〉0.05）。     

稀释液成分对猪精液碱性N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶的影响

以猪精液稀释液主要成分为效应物,研究其对杜洛克猪精液中N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶Ⅱ活力的影响。结果表明：在一定浓度下青霉素钾和硫酸链霉素对酶活力没有影响;EDTA·2Na和维生索C对酶活力有显著的激活作用;葡萄糖和蔗糖对酶活力有先扬后抑的作用;果糖、柠檬酸三钠、三羟甲基氨基甲烷、碳酸氢钠对酶活力则有不同程度的抑制作用;三羟甲基氨基甲烷表现为可逆的非竞争性抑制,抑制常数K1为9．81mmol／L;碳酸氢钠则表现为可逆的混合型抑制,抑制常数K_I和K_ID分别为111．18mmol／L和26．61mmol／L。