开封市公共气象服务发展探讨

公共气象服务是为政府决策、民生发展提供的一项基础性公共事业。该文通过阐述开封市公共气象服务发展的现状,对比国内气象服务工作,分析其中存在的问题,以充分发挥气象服务的社会效益、经济效益。     

Two Complete Mitochondrial Genomes From Leuctridae (Plecoptera: Nemouroidea): Implications for the Phylogenetic Relationships Among Stoneflies

The family-level relationships within Plecoptera have been a focused area of research for a long time. Its higher classification remains unstable, and the phylogenetic relationships within Plecoptera should be re-examined. Here, we sequenced and analyzed two complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Paraleuctra cercia and Perlomyia isobeae of the family Leuctridae. We reconstructed the phylogeny of Plecoptera based on 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) from published stoneflies. Our results showed that the Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood tree had similar topological structures except for the positions of two families, Peltoperlidae and Scopuridae. The Plecoptera is divided into two clades, the suborder Antarctoperlaria and the suborder Arctoperlaria. The two suborders subsequently formed two groups, Eusthenioidea and Gripopterygoidea, and Euholognatha and Systellognatha, which is consistent with the results of morphological studies. In addition, the Leuctridae is the earliest branch within the superfamily Nemouroidea. But the monophyly of Perloidea and Pteronarcyoidea are still not well supported.     

黔育1号菊苣与紫花苜蓿、鸭茅间作栽培效果研究

依据贵州省松桃县的气候特点和牧草种植需要,用黔育1号菊苣与北林202紫花苜蓿、黔草4号鸭茅分别进行间作试验,从产量、营养品质、生产效益等方面对间作复合群体与3种牧草单播进行比较分析,探讨黔育1号菊苣与不同牧草间作种植模式的增产效益。结果表明,在贵州松桃地区,黔育1号菊苣+北林202紫花苜蓿间作,年均鲜草产量可达87.27 t/hm²,比紫花苜蓿单播产量增加36.17%,生产效益提高20.77%,粗蛋白含量达26.83%。该研究结果可为松桃县种草养畜产业的发展提供技术支撑。     

Variations of SOC and MBC observed in an incubated brown loam soil managed under different tillage systems for 12 years

To assess changes in organic carbon pools, an incubation experiment was conducted under different temperatures and field moisture capacity (FMC) on a brown loam soil from three tillage practices used for 12 years: no‐till (NT), subsoiling (ST) and conventional tillage (CT). Total microbial respiration was measured for incubated soil with and without the input of straw. Results indicated that soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) under ST, NT and CT was higher in soil with straw input than that without, while the microbial quotient (MQ or MBC: SOC) and metabolic quotient (qCO₂) content under CT followed the opposite trend. Lower temperature, lower moisture and with straw input contributed to the increases in SOC concentration, especially under NT and ST systems. The SOC concentrations under ST, with temperatures of 30 and 35°C after incubation at 55% FMC, were greater than those under CT by 28.4% and 30.6%, respectively. The increase in MBC was highest at 35°C for 55%, 65% and 75% FMC; in soil under ST, MBC was greater than that under CT by 199.3%, 50.7% and 23.8%, respectively. At 30°C, the lower qCO₂ was obtained in soil incubated under NT and ST. The highest MQ among three tillage practices was measured under ST at 55% FMC, NT at 65% FMC and CT at 75% FMC with straw input. These data indicate the benefits of enhancing the MQ; the low FMC was beneficial to ST treatment. Under higher temperature and drought stress conditions, the adaptive capacity of ST and NT is better than that of CT.     

黄河流域机采棉植株性状的筛选

为筛选适合黄河流域棉区机采的品种,对16份棉花材料的果枝始节高度、株高、产量构成因素、纤维品质指标进行系统调查、分析与研究。结果表明:适合进一步培育机采品种的材料为590032、中棉所49。     

YX106系杜洛克种猪有效精子数遗传改良

公猪在养猪生产中占据着最重要的位置，公猪的优秀遗传基因可通过精液快速传递到商品群中，从而快速获得效益。因此公猪精液的好坏关系着公猪的价值。在高成本的选育前提下，选育出1头精液品质优良的公猪具有重要的意义。研究将公猪精液品质指标加入到公猪选育性状中进行对比分析。研究结果表明：对公猪进行精液有效精子数选育可提高选育质量，正向促进公猪选育效果，提升种公猪利用效率。     

连云港口岸国际航行船舶截获植物有害生物情况分析与建议

为强化对国际航行船舶的检疫监管,降低植物有害生物传入风险,本文对"十二五"期间连云港口岸国际航行船舶截获植物有害生物的情况进行了统计,掌握了截获有害生物的种类,分析了影响截获的主要因素,并提出相应的检疫对策。