益生菌对致病性大肠杆菌在雏鸡消化道内的作用效果

1日龄雏鸡120只,随机分为6组,用不同的方法处理后,对各组雏鸡7个部位（嗉囔、腺胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、直肠）消化道黏膜黏附的O78进行分离计数,研究禽致病性大肠杆菌在雏鸡消化道的分布,比较益生菌对禽致病性大肠杆菌O78在不同雏鸡动物模型中的抑制作用。结果表明：禽致病性大肠杆菌O78主要定植在雏鸡的嗉囔、盲肠和直肠;抗生素处理组和非处理组在灌服益生菌后24、48、72、96h与对照纽相比,各消化道部位定植的O78均有不同程度的降低,说明益生菌对禽致病性大肠杆菌O78。具有较强的抑制能力;未处理组的雏鸡消化道内黏附的O78菌数低于抗生素处理组,说明益生菌在抑制病原菌同时可促进消化道有益菌群的生长,从而防止致病菌的感染。     

The stimulatory effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralisation of osteoblastic cells from Holstein cattle

This study investigated the effect of exogenous insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells from Chinese Holstein cattle and the resultant bone nodule formation and mineralisation in vitro. The osteoblastic cells were isolated and cultured, then identified using Giemsa and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining methods. The effect of different concentrations of IGF-1 on cell growth was assessed by MTT assay. The ALP activity and osteocalcin (OC) concentration in the osteoblastic cells were measured by a colorimetric assay and a radioimmmunoassay, respectively. Calcium nodules were observed using alizarin red S stain, while the content of matrix calcium was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cell proliferation in the cultures was stimulated by IGF-1 at concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 ng/mL, with the maximum effect observed at 100 ng/mL. This effect was observed from day 1 and peaked at day 5, but decreased at day 7. At concentrations of 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL, IGF-1 significantly induced ALP activity, OC level, matrix calcium content, and nodule formation of the osteoblastic cells by 20–180% (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), compared to controls. The results suggested that IGF-1 is an anabolic agent for the proliferation, differentiation, mineralisation and calcium content of dairy cow osteoblasts, and could therefore act as a potential treatment for the metabolic bone diseases in these animals.     

Test Analysis on Prestressed Frames with Three Kinds of Beam-column Section Strength

"Strong column with weak beam","strong beam with weak column" and"column & beam with equal strength"can be existed in one-storey prestressed concrete frames and the top storey of mult-storey prestressed concrete frames.Through the test of four prestressed concrete frames under vertical load,three kinds of prestressed concrete frames performances are studied,such as ultimate load,deflection,displacement ductility,redistribution of internal force.When the relative height of equivalent compression zone is smaller enough,the test proves that three kinds of prestressed concrete frames can realize full redistribution of internal force and have better displacement ductility,the width of cracks and deflections can satisfy the rules of code for design of concrete structures.     

Effects of acute hypoxia and reoxygenation on oxygen sensors,respiratory metabolism,oxidative stress,and apoptosis in hybrid yellow catfish “Huangyou-1”

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - The regulation mechanism of the hybrid yellow catfish “Huangyou-1” was assessed under conditions of hypoxia and reoxygenation by examination of oxygen...     

开封市土地储备潜力规模研究

合理的土地储备规模不仅能保障社会经济的发展,还能避免土地的闲置与浪费,因此研究土地储备规模具有重要意义。笔者通过运用GM（1,1）模型预测出,到2020年开封市新增城镇建设用地的需求规模及农业人口数量,结合开封市2006-2020年土地利用总体规划预测出目标年城镇建设用地的总供给规模,再基于集约节约利用方式,预测出未来可节约城镇建设用地的潜力,从而得出开封市在目标年的土地储备规模。根据本研究思路测算出,开封市2020年土地储备规模为26036.22 hm2（含土地储备增量规模9990.35 hm2和存量规模16045.87 hm2）,这对于开封市优先盘活存量土地,有效控制建设用地占用农用地具有重要的现实意义。     

半农半牧区农户生产现状及对气候变化的感知与应对——基于内蒙古林西县的调查研究

半农半牧区是全球气候变化反应敏感的生态脆弱带。该地区农业基础设施落后,人口与资源矛盾突出,生产力水平低下,经济欠发达,受气候变化影响,农民的生产生活水平的维持与提高面临着十分严峻的挑战。本调查研究以内蒙古赤峰市林西县为例,利用1954~2009年气象数据资料分析了该地区56年来年际和主要季节温度、降水变化趋势;同时,选用60个农户家庭调查样本,研究了农户家庭基本状况与经营现状、农牧户家庭对气候变化及其影响的感知与应对策略。最后,在全面总结研究结果的基础上提出增强农户家庭气候变化适应能力的对策建议。     

乳制品运输成本及效益分析研究

为降低乳制品运输成本,合理安排运输,提高乳制品运输企业的经济效益,通过对河北省某运输公司乳制品车辆的运输成本、车型及效益分析研究,确定了2006～2008年变动成本路桥费、加油费2项占总成本的比例分别为62.89%、64.01%、54.74%,并确定了主要运输成本所占比例及其从高到低的次序;对不同年度、不同月份、不同车型车辆的运输收入、成本、利润及其变化进行了分析;12.5米、230马力的新型箱式半挂车为乳品运输的最佳运输车辆;2006年半挂车1、5、8月份运输纯利润最高,10月份次之,2、12月纯利润最少;年运输总收入11、5、8月运输总收入最高,6、1、2月运输总收入最少;2006年半挂车年收益率为10.18%,乳品运输车辆是一种高风险、中收益的投资方式。     

正交法优选中药复方“加味白头翁散”

为了筛选中药复方“加味白头翁散”有效部位的最佳提取工艺,以提取物有效部位的浸膏得率与对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度（minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（minimum bactericidal concentration ,MBC）为综合考察指标,采用单因素试验,初选出适宜的溶媒浓度;采用正交试验对提取工艺中的料液比（A）、提取次数（B）、提取时间/次（C）、乙醇浓度（D）四个因素进行优选研究。中药复方“加味白头翁散”有效部位的最佳提取方法为回流提取,最优组合为：A3B3C1D2,即料液比为1:10,提取次数为3次,0.5 h/次,60%乙醇浓度。在该工艺条件下进行提取,中药复方有效部位的浸膏得率在24%左右,对临床分离致病大肠杆菌MIC和MBC值均为15.625 mg生药/mL。