抗虫棉品种苏棉6039的选育

介绍了苏棉6039的选育过程和方法、特征特性以及栽培技术要点。     

涉农类高职专业顶岗实习学习共同体构建研究

涉农类高职专业顶岗实习具有"行业相对集中、企业相对分散"的特殊性,实习岗位过于分散很难进行有效的指导和管理。实践证明:以"学习共同体"建设统筹顶岗实习的全过程,系统设计顶岗实习方案是提高涉农类高职专业顶岗实习质量的有效途径。     

重症肌无力病情严重程度对尿动力学参数的影响

目的探讨眼肌型(Ⅰ型)及全身型(Ⅱ型)重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis,MG)患者尿动力指标的差异,为临床治疗重症肌无力提供参考。方法分别检测8例眼肌型及15例全身型MG患者尿动力学指标,分析组间尿动力参数差异及组间各指标异常人数构成比差异。结果全身型MG患者最大尿流率显著低于眼肌型患者(P0.05);全身型MG患者最大尿流率异常人数比率显著高于眼肌型患者(P0.05),而膀胱收缩力增强人数显著低于眼肌型患者(P0.05);全身型MG患者初始尿意、残余尿量异常比率及膀胱出口梗阻发生率均高于眼肌型患者,但差异无显著性(P0.05);女性MG患者膀胱收缩增强人数显著高于男性(P0.01)。结论全身型MG患者最大尿流率异常人数显著高于眼肌型,MG病情加重可能会伴发尿动力异常,临床诊疗应加以重视。     

Characterization of integrons-mediated antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli strains isolated from bovine mastitis

To assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and class I integrons in Escherichia coli strains (n=58) isolated from bovine mastitis in Inner Mongolia, antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of various types of integrons were characterized. Most isolates were susceptible to amikacin, colistin, ceftazidime, gentamicin and kanamycin, while those also exhibited high resistant incidence rates to ampicillin, amoxicillin, sulfadiazine and sulfamethoxydiazine. The integrase gene of integrons was amplified by PCR using degenerate primers. The integrons were confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of positive PCR products. Neither class II nor class III integron was detected, while 56.90% (n=33) of the isolates were positive for the presence of intI1 gene. Sequencing analysis of gene cassettes revealed that seven gene cassettes were found, which encoded resistance to trimethoprim (dfrA1 and dfrA17), aminoglycosides (aacA4, aadA1 and aadA5) and chloramphenicol (catB3), respectively. Of them, the gene cassette array dfrA17-aadA5 was found most prevalent (62.96%). The percentage of positive-integron among the isolates whose resistant profile was relatively broad (n> or =7) is 100.00%, while the one in narrow-profile isolates (n=2-6) is 30.56%. The correlation analysis revealed the incidence of integrons among the isolates were highly related to the resistant profile, indicating integrons play an important role in the dissemination and spread of the antimicrobial resistant strains.     

Fatal infection in human flora-associated piglets caused by the opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae from an apparently healthy human donor

Seventeen out of 24 human flora-associated (HFA) piglets died after oral administration of whole fecal flora from an apparently healthy human donor. The bacteria isolated from the organs of the infected piglets were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by bacteriological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The identical K. pneumoniae strain was also isolated from the donor's fecal flora. All three neonatal piglets inoculated with K. pneumoniae from the donor's fecal flora developed severe diarrhea, with 2 eventually dying. This strongly suggests that the opportunistic pathogen K. pneumoniae from the human donor caused the fatal infection in the HFA piglets. The results underscore the importance of safety evaluation of the human donor's fecal flora for HFA piglet development.     

牦牛血液矿物元素含量和血清指标变化规律的研究

为了探讨牦牛营养代谢疾病的病因,在黄河首曲草地对放牧牦牛血液矿物元素含量和血清指标的变化规律进行了系统的研究。结果表明:牦牛血液矿物元素含量和血清指标具有明显的季节动态;在首曲草原,牧草矿物元素含量季节性缺乏是引起牦牛营养代谢疾病的原因之一。     

现代环保型猪场的建设要求

随着我国畜禽养殖业的迅速发展,畜禽粪便产生量不断增加,日益严重的养殖污染已成为养殖业发展的瓶颈。现结合生产实践和现代环保要求,将猪场选址、规划设计、环境绿化、养殖备案与环评、防疫、粪污处理系统方面的建设要求介绍如下,供参考。     

云南省昆明市动物园大肠杆菌分离株毒力基因分布特征

为研究云南省昆明市动物园动物体内大肠杆菌(E.coli)分离株毒力基因的分布特征,从圆通山动物园37个动物种群粪便中分离出37株E.coli,采用生化鉴定方法鉴定大肠杆菌,PCR方法检测19种毒力基因。鉴定结果表明:37株E.coli中,ompA、iroN、fimC、aatA、vat 5种毒力基因携带率分别为100%、95.49%、83.78%、70.27%、51.35%,ibeA、neuC、iutA、traT、stx 5种毒力基因携带率为0,其他9种毒力基因携带率均低于40.00%;分离菌株普遍携带8种以下毒力基因,同时携带10种以上毒力基因的概率为8.10%;分离株强毒力岛基因携带率较高,分布较为普遍。结果表明,昆明市圆通山动物园内流行的大肠杆菌以致病性大肠杆菌为主,不同种类动物体内大肠杆菌的毒力基因携带率存在较大差异,其原因可能与动物的饲养环境以及动物自身的适应能力和抵抗力有关。因此,对于动物园内具有较高大肠杆菌致病风险的动物,要采取相应防治措施,防止大肠杆菌病发生与流行。     

伊拉配套系曾祖代和祖代引进重庆后的繁殖性能测定分析

对重庆市引进的伊拉曾祖代4个系和祖代2个系开展连续3个胎次的繁殖性能测定,结果显示伊拉曾祖代C系平均窝产仔数和平均初生窝重显著高于A、B、D系(P<0.05),伊拉曾祖代D系21日龄平均窝重和35日龄平均断奶个体重显著高于A、B、C系;伊拉祖代D系平均窝产仔数、平均出生窝重、泌乳力(21日龄平均窝重)、35日龄平均断奶个体重均显著高于B系(P<0.05)。结果表明从法国引进的伊拉兔已基本适应重庆地区高温高湿的环境条件,初生窝重、初生产活仔数、断奶个体重等繁殖性能各项指标基本稳定。     

玛曲县天然草原资源及分布研究

甘肃省玛曲县作为黄河源区重要的水涵养区和生态脆弱区,其天然草原对涵养水源、保护黄河源区生态安全、确保当地草地畜牧业生产的健康发展具有十分重要的意义。为摸清玛曲县草原资源现状,将遥感与地面调查相结合,选择决策树分类等方法对玛曲县天然草原的分布、分类和面积进行研究与评价。结果表明:玛曲县有低地草甸、高寒草甸、山地草甸和高寒草原4个草原类,总草原总面积93.13万hm2,其中高寒和低地草甸分别占全县草原面积的82.37%和11.62%,山地草甸和高寒草原仅占4.23%和1.78%;各乡镇分类草原面积均以高寒草甸所占比例最大,其中阿万仓镇、木西合乡、欧拉镇和欧拉秀玛乡高寒草甸所占比例均在90%以上,尼玛镇、阿孜站和西科河羊场占比在80%以上,仅齐哈玛镇占比在50%以下(47.02%);低地草甸占比较大的乡镇有曼日玛镇(40.68%)、齐哈玛镇(26.21%)、采日玛镇(24.30%)和河曲马场(30.84%)。