池塘和稻田养殖模式下克氏原螯虾肌肉和肝脏营养成分比较

通过对池塘和稻田2种养殖模式下克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)的肌肉常规营养成分进行测定,同时,对肌肉和肝胰腺的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成进行测定,从而对其营养品质进行分析评价.结果显示,2种养殖模式下克氏原螯虾粗蛋白和粗脂肪无显著性差异(P＞0.05),池塘养殖模式下水分显著高于稻田模式(P＜0.05),...     

粘虫胶的应用技术

对粘虫胶的应用范围和使用方法进行试验研究.油松毛虫和落叶松毛虫的防治效果达95%以上,枣树红蜘蛛、食芽象甲的防治效果达95%以上,与引诱剂(或诱饵)结合用于防治苹果金纹细蛾,防治效果达85%以上.还可用于防治绿盲蝽蟓、春尺蛾、草履蚧等多种害虫.应用粘虫胶防治害虫,成本低廉、可以显著减少化学农药的用量、提高防治效果、降低防治成本.粘虫胶可广泛应用于林业、果树以及卫生和城市害虫的测报及防治.     

浅谈工程造价的预结算审核

工程造价的预结算审核是合理确定工程造价的必要程序及重要手段.本文从工程造价中存在的问题,工程造价审核的内容、方法等三个方面论述了工程造价及其预结算的审核工作过程.     

Biodiversity and its fragility in Yunnan,China

In Yunnan, 8 major aspects of biodiversity and fragility in landforms, ecosystems, distribution populations, alien invasion, segregation, pollution and maladministration with various menace factors causing biodiversity loss have been described. It is revealed that the facts that the biodiversity and fragility coexists in this paper. Accordingly, 6 major countermeasures for effective conservation and rational utilization of the provincial biodiversity were suggested on the basis of the scientific development concepts, principles of nature protection, conservation biology, resource management and ethnobotany and present status in Yunnan with rich intangible resources such as climatic, ethnical and cultural diversity, etc.     

日本北海道北部寒温带森林流域林冠层凋落物及其养分归还量的景观格局(英文)

Within a forested watershed at the Uryu Experimental Forest of Hokkaido University in northern Hokkaido, overstory litterfall and related nutrient fluxes were measured at different landscape zones over two years. The wetland zone covered with Picea glehnii pure stand. The riparian zone was deciduous broad-leaved stand dominated by Alnus hirsuta and Salix spp., while the mixture of deciduous broadleaf and evergreen conifer dominated by Betula platyphylla, Quercus crispula and Abies sachalinensis distributed on the upland zone. Annual litterfall averaged 1444, 5122, and 4123 kg.hm^-2·a^-1 in the wetland, riparian and upland zones, respectively. Litterfall production peaked in September-October, and foliage litter contributed the greatest amount （73.4%-87.6 %） of the annual total litterfall. Concentrations of nutrients analyzed in foliage litter of the dominant species showed a similar seasonal variation over the year except for N in P glehnii and A. hirsuta. The nutrient fluxes for all elements analyzed were greatest on riparian zone and lowest in wetland zone. Nutrient fluxes via litterfall followed the decreasing sequence： N （11-129 kg.hm-2.aq） 〉 Ca （9-69） 〉 K （5-20） 〉 Mg （3-15） 〉 P （0.4-4.7） for all stands. Significant differences were found in litterfall production and nutrient fluxes among the different landscape components. There existed significant differences in soil chemistry between the different landscape zones. The consistently low soil C：N ratios at the riparian zone might be due to the higher-quality litter inputs （largely N-fixing alder）.     

林业生态工程效益补偿问题研究初探

生态效益补偿对于促进林业生态工程建设、保护森林生产者和经营者的切身利益具有重要的作用.本文在分析国内外生态效益补偿现状的基础上,通过对建立森林生态效益补偿机制的必要性、原则、途径以及补偿标准等问题进行深入探讨,为进一步完善我国森林生态效益补偿机制提供科学依据.森林生态效益补偿资金的建立,不仅为森林资源管护提供稳定的资金来源,更是对森林生态效益价值的认可,从根本上解决了林业生态工程建设的动力和机制问题,将对中国林业和生态建设产生广泛而深远的影响.     

黑龙江省黑木耳9个栽培菌株遗传多样性的RAPD分析

本文对黑龙江省9个黑木耳 （Auricularia auricular）栽培菌株进行PCR-RAPD扩增和群体聚类分析, 在40个10bp随机引物中,筛选出13个引物.结果表明：黑木耳不同栽培菌株之间存在着丰富的多态性（96.05%）.用引物27和引物46的RAPD扩增指纹能有效分辨9个不同菌株的基因型,这一结果有助于在早期对黑木耳栽培菌株进行快速鉴别,为规范鉴别食用菌菌种混乱的局面提供科学依据.     

Concentration variations of several ions in stream after a wildfire

In May 2006, a high intensity wildfire occurred in Songling forest region in Daxing＇an Mountains, China. The concentration changes of eight ions （K^＋, Na^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cl^-, Br^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-） were measured in burned and tmbumed streams after fire from May to Oct., 2006. Results show that the most ions flux were higher in burned stream than that in unburned stream during the sampling period, and the greatest concentrations of most ions transported from burned stream occurred in July. After fire, the most amplitude chemical ion was Ca^2＋, whose average concentration was 5.50 mg·L^-1 higher than that in unburned stream, and the total concentration of every chemical ion presents a trend Ca^2＋〉SO4^2- 〉Na^＋〉Mg^2＋〉NO3^- . The average concentrations of Ca^2＋, SO4^2- , Na^＋＇Mg^2＋,NO3^- showed an increase trend, but those of K^＋, Cl^- , Br had a decreased trend. SO4^2- had the largest loss among these anions, followed by NO3^-. Overall, the increase degree of cation was greater than that of anion after burning.     

不同茶叶中游离氨基酸的对映异构体

[目的]游离氨基酸是茶叶的主要化学成分之一,与茶叶的滋味品质密切相关.大多数氨基酸具有手性中心,因此存在滋味特性及生理活性均可能截然不同的L型和D型两种对映异构体.由于检测技术的限制,过去的研究多集中在L型氨基酸上,而茶叶中D型氨基酸罕有系统的研究报道.因此,研究茶叶中游离氨基酸对映异构体,对茶叶化学理论体系的深化及滋...     

无菌松材线虫对10年生黑松致病性的研究

2001年9月,用无菌的松材线虫对10年生黑松进行接种.2002年8月,检查黑松发病情况,并对接种的松树进行线虫和细菌的再分离.试验发现:接种的8株黑松11个月后仍有5株表现正常,没有出现任何症状,而从其木质部却能分离到数量较多的无菌松材线虫.结果说明:无菌的松材线虫虽然能侵入松树木质部,但在不携带细菌的情况下对松树是没有致病力的.