我国小麦茎基腐病菌致病力比较分析

为明确我国不同种、地理来源和毒素化学型小麦茎基腐病菌的致病力分化情况,采用纸塔法对来自全国9个省市80个采样点分离的224株小麦茎基腐病菌进行致病力分析。结果表明,不同种镰刀菌的致病力不同,黄色镰刀菌Fusarium culmorum,禾谷镰刀菌F.graminearum,假禾谷镰刀菌F.pseudograminearum及亚洲镰刀菌F.asiaticum致病力强于其他种。F.culmorum致病力显著高于F.pseudograminearum和F.asiaticum,而F.pseudograminearum,F.graminearum及F.asiaticum三者之间无显著性差异。中华镰刀菌F.sinensis,木贼镰刀菌F.equiseti,锐顶镰刀菌F.acuminatum致病力较弱,三者间苗期致病力无显著性差异;多数省份F.pseudograminearum群体间致病力无显著差异,仅山东F.pseudograminearum群体的致病性显著低于河南群体;此外,产毒类型为3ADON的F.pseudograminearum群体致病力显著高于15ADON群体。     

施用不同氮肥对盐碱地湖南稷子生产性能以及养分吸收的影响

为探讨盐碱地湖南稷子(Echinochloa frumentacea)高效生产的最佳施氮种类和施氮量,采用单因素随机区组设计,通过在湖南稷子拔节期设置不施肥(CK)、尿素和硫酸铵(N1,N2)轻施肥(F1:50 kg·hm^-2)、中施肥(F2:100 kg·hm^-2)、重施肥处理(F3:150 kg·hm^-2),研究不同氮肥和施氮水平下湖南稷子田间农艺性状、养分吸收及氮肥利用率的变化,探讨盐碱地湖南稷子实现高效生产的适宜氮肥和施氮量。结果表明：与对照相比,施氮量为F2和F3时能够显著提高盐碱地湖南稷子产量及氮磷钾吸收量(P<0.05),植株不同部位氮含量上升,施氮量F3时能够显著提高氮肥利用效率(P<0.05),且同一施氮量下追施硫酸铵后湖南稷子产量、养分吸收及氮肥利用率均高于尿素。综上所述,氮肥追施量在150 kg·hm^-2时,有利于盐碱地湖南稷子的产量的提升和养分的吸收,且同一条件下追施硫酸铵较追施尿素效果显著。     

尕海湿地区沼泽草甸退化对土壤氮转化酶活性的影响

为探讨高寒湿地退化对土壤氮转化酶活性的影响,以青藏高原东缘尕海湿地未退化（ND）、轻度退化（LD）、中度退化（MD）和重度退化（HD）4种不同退化程度0~40 cm土层沼泽草甸为研究对象,研究不同退化与土层中土壤氮转化酶（蛋白酶、脲酶、硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶）活性的变化特征及其与土壤理化性质之间的关系。结果表明：1）随沼泽草甸退化程度加剧,土壤含水量、全氮、铵态氮和微生物生物量氮含量均显著降低,土壤温度与硝态氮含量却显著增加。2）随退化程度加剧,各土层土壤脲酶活性增加、蛋白酶活性降低,且仅在20~40 cm土层存在显著差异;硝酸还原酶活性增加、亚硝酸还原酶活性降低,在0~20 cm土层存在显著差异。3）各退化程度中,土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、亚硝酸还原酶活性均随土层深度的增加而显著下降,硝酸还原酶活性仅在HD显著下降。4）退化程度和土层对4种土壤氮转化酶活性均存在显著影响,且对土壤硝酸酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性存在显著交互作用。5）冗余分析表明土壤含水量对土壤氮转化酶活性变化的贡献率高达67.1%,其是驱动尕海沼泽草甸退化演替过程中土壤氮转化酶活性变化的主导因素。研究结果可为高寒湿地生态系统退化中的土壤酶活性变化规律提供理论依据。     

Electro-circuit Design About the Data Acquisition and Wireless Transmission System Based on High-speed SCM

Considering the difficult of acquiring and transmission the signal from the moving equipment, a new fault diagnosis monitoring system is presented. The system acquires the state signal from the moving equipment by data acquisition module that based in W77E58 high-speed SCM, and transmits the data fast by wireless mode. The signal data can be use for fault diagnosis and precise analysis. The system has the ability for acquiring abundance of data with a high speed, the ability for high accuracy data conversion, and has a function of programme controlling gain and programme controlling low-pass filtering. The successful application of this system on the vibration monitor about the material-transporting bogie in an iron works of a domestic steel enterprise proves the stability and credibility about the design project, also testifies its practical value and versatility.     

Design of the Virtual Instrument of Frequency/Amplitude Sweep

In this paper the inevitable trend of constructing open ecosystem in modern settlement environment was discussed through the history of the settlement environment and the characters of modern settlement environment.The ecological crisis,change of the modern life and the citizens' needs and the ecological system character show,that it is important for sustainable development of the settlement environment to construct open ecosystem.The construction of modern habitation and the city room embodies the concept of open ecosystem.Then,in construction and research of modern settlement,the ecological viewpoint and method should be applied.     

Analysis of Structure with Tuned Mass Damper under Earthquake

The analysis of vibration response of structure with TMD is carried out under earthquake ,considering the ground-structure interaction. The varying rule of square difference of displacement of structure with the TMD on or off by changing the first inherent frequency is also presented .It has been proved by comparing and analyzing that a TMDstructure with optimum parameters can efficiently reduce the vibration of structure under strong wind and earthquake,when the main frequency of the ground motion is within the range of TMD vibration reducing frequency.     

Tentative Research About the Macroscopic Regulating to Blast

The paper analyzes the difference of the pathogenic varieties and the relationship of the variety composition,allording to the historic material to the varieties of the main hybid fece varieties in Southeast Sichuan during 1992 to 1998.It's the first time to advance to use the camparison on rate of pathogenic isolates between norm and refrieving to define the susceptible extent of the varity.It's an scientific base to adjust the structures of the vartieties,to reach the objective of the macroscopic regulating to rice blast.     

Knowledge Representation for Rotative Machine Fault Diagnosis Based on Semantic Net

Aiming at knowledge representation problem of expert system for rotary machinery fault diagnosis, semantic net knowledge representation is discussed. Semantic net to represent expert knowledge of rotary machinery fault diagnosis is explored. Its realizing method is afforded in computer language, in addition, demostrating model is also developed in Visual C++. The result shows good validity of the knowledge representation.