翠绿2号大顶苦瓜的选育

翠绿 2号是用早熟、丰产、优质的强雌性株系B0 7 2 1作母本与品质好、抗逆性强的株系D12 3 1作父本配制而成的大顶苦瓜一代杂种。该品种比对照翠绿大顶苦瓜早熟 2d(天 ) ,前期产量增产 13 .0 % ,总产量增产3 4 .8% ,一般每 667m2 产量 2 0 0 0kg ,适宜华南地区春、秋季栽培。至 2 0 0 1年累计推广种植面积 2 0 0 0hm2 。     

果树种质资源离体保存研究进展

综述了国内外果树种质离体保存方面的研究进展,简单介绍了种子保存,常规的细胞、组织和器官保存方法。超低温保存是一项长期稳定保存种质的方法,能减慢细胞代谢和完全抑制生长,概述了超低温保存的原理、技术要点和主要优点,以及影响超低温保存的因素:包括植物材料的性质、预处理、冰冻保护剂种类、降温方法、解冻方法以及解冻后处理等,并对今后果树种质保存提出了一些建议。     

Indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aciculosporium take</Emphasis>, a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo

 Aciculosporium take (Ascomycota; Clavicipitaceae) is a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo plants. The symptoms of this disease are believed to be induced by plant hormones, particularly auxins. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was identified in cultures of this fungus in an l-tryptophan-supplemented liquid medium. IAA production was confirmed on 30 isolates of A. take from various hosts and locations at levels up to 1 mg/l. The biosynthetic pathway of IAA in A. take culture was examined by analyzing intermediate products and by feeding experiments. The results showed that the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway (l-tryptophan → indole-3-pyruvic acid → indole acetaldehyde → IAA) was the dominant pathway in A. take. Received: June 3, 2002 / Accepted: July 25, 2002     

Inconspicuous restraint of rice seedling growth by root-infecting fungi in soil of a rice paddy field

 Rice seedling growth, estimated by plant height and root development and discoloration, was better in pasteurized soil than in unpasteurized soil obtained from a flooded rice field. Rice seedlings also grew better in sterilized soil modified by adding roots harvested from the pasteurized soil than in soil modified by adding roots harvested from the unpasteurized soil. The results demonstrate that seedling growth in the rice field soil was inhibited by soil microorganisms, even though no typical symptoms such as seedling blight or damping-off appeared. Pythium aristosporum is suggested to be involved in the inhibition. Thus, it appears that inconspicuous restraint of rice seedling growth could occur in soils of rice paddy fields. Received: May 20, 2002 / Accepted: October 16, 2002 Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. T. Ichitani, former professor at Osaka Prefectural University, for providing an isolate of Pythium aristosporum for comparison, and Mr. Mitsuaki Sato of Akita Prefectural College of Agriculture for technical assistance.     

烯效唑浸种对黄瓜的壮苗效应

研究不同浓度烯效唑浸种对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明,烯效唑可抑制黄瓜幼苗徒长,使株高降低,比叶重增加,根冠比和壮苗指数增大,叶绿素含量增加,根系活性增强,在形态上和生理上表现出显著的壮苗效应;烯效唑对黄瓜有极显著的增产作用,以20 mg·kg-1处理最佳,促进增产的主要原因是提高了单株结瓜数。     

疫霉菌对霜脲氰抗性遗传及对霜脲氰和甲霜灵的交互抗性

就疫霉菌对霜脲氰抗性的产生和遗传，以及疫霉菌对霜脲氰和甲霜灵的交互抗性进行了研究。结果表明，苎麻疫霉容易对霜脲氰产生抗药性突变，但抗性在连续３代单游动孢子分离过程中逐渐丧失。大雄疫霉对霜脲氰不易产生抗性突变，恶疫霉、大雄疫霉和苎麻疫霉对甲霜灵和霜脲氰不存在交互抗性     

内蒙古旱作农区农业干旱灾害度初步研究

本文通过对旱作农区旱灾的孕实环境、旱灾特征及灾情分析，提出了一种综合评价旱灾对农业生产危害程度的定量化方法，并在此基础上对旱作农区各旗（县）进行灾情分区，从而为抗旱减灾提供理论依据。     

生、炒酸枣仁镇静催眠作用的比较研究

采用两种催眠试验方法,观察生、炒酸枣仁煎剂对阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠入睡的影响及对阈剂量戊巴比妥钠睡眠的影响.结果阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠的入睡试验中,不同炮制酸枣仁处理差异不明显;同一炮制中高剂量作用大于低剂量;在睡眠试验中亦获得类似的结果.结果表明:生、炒酸枣仁在同一剂量下药理作用无差异,但同种炮制存在一定的剂量效应关系.     

养殖小区防疫问题及改进措施

随着畜牧业的发展，全国各地养殖小区雨后春笋般建立起来。养殖小区是一种新型的畜牧业生产形式，它是在一定范围内按照集约化养殖的要求，建立的有一定规模的较为规范、严格管理的养殖园区。它是我国畜牧养殖从农村庭院养殖的小规模状态向大型现代化养殖的一种过渡型。是符合我国目前畜牧业发展状况的一种养殖模式，对推