汽油机冷起动HC排放的机理与控制策略

为适应欧Ⅲ以上汽车法规,对点燃式发动机冷起动工况下HC排放的研究已经成为目前发动机领域的热点之一.为了更好地控制冷起动排放,合理组织燃烧过程,要求对点燃式发动机冷起动HC排放特性有更深入的了解.本文基于国内外研究进展,介绍了冷起动工况下催化器前发动机HC排放的特点,影响排放的重要因素,以及形成的机理,特别是进一步降低和控制冷起动HC排放的发展方向.     

车辆表面脉动压力的试验研究

对车辆表面脉动压力与气流噪声的关系进行了讨论，说明了偶极子源噪声在车辆气流噪声中占主导地位，而车辆气流噪声中的偶极子源噪声又取决于车辆的表面脉动压力，阐述了研究车辆表面脉动压力对进一步研究和控制车辆气流噪声具有的重要意义。在此基础上，对车辆表面脉动压力的分布、频率特性及其与车速的关系进行了试验研究，得到了一些有意义的结论。     

基于框架理论的变电站操作票自动生成系统

介绍了一种基于框架理论的变电站操作票自动生成系统。该系统用框架知识表示法来描述电力系统的设备参数，建构了一个直观的、层次分明的数据结构。通过融合框架理论于面向对象的语言VC 中，开发出了一个集通用、实用、智能于一体的操作票专家系统。     

Incorporation of ridge and furrow method of rainfall harvesting with mulching for crop production under semiarid conditions

A plastic-covered ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting (PRFRH) system combined with mulches was designed to increase water availability to crops for improving and stabilizing agricultural production in the semiarid Loess region of northwest China. The system was built by shaping the soil surface with alternate ridges and furrows along the contour. The plastic-covered ridges served as a rainfall harvesting zone and furrows as a planting zone. Some materials were also used to mulch the furrows to increase the effectiveness of the harvested water. This system can make better utilization of light rain by harvesting rainwater through the plastic-covered ridge. The field experiment (using corn as an indicator crop) showed that grain yields in the PRFRH system with mulches in 1998 and 1999 were significantly higher than the controls, with an increase of 4010–5297 kg per ha (108–143%). In most treatments, the water use efficiencies (WUE) were in excess of 2.0 kg m⁻³. The WUE values of corn in this system were 1.9 times greater than the controls in 1998 and 1.4 times greater than the controls in 1999. The plastic-covered ridge led to a yield increase of 3430 kg per ha (92%) in 1998 and of 1126 kg per ha (21%) in 1999 compared with the uncovered ridge. On average, the additional mulches in the furrow brought about a yield increase of 8–25%. Based on the results of this study and other researches, this technique can increase corn grain yield by 60–95% in drought and average years, 70–90% in wet years, and 20–30% in very wet years. The PRFRH system had the potential to increase crop yield and produced greater economic benefit, therefore it could be used in regions dominated by light rainfall of low intensity where crops generally fail due to water stress.     

离心泵全特性若干问题研究

本文针对６ＳＨ－９型离心泵试验了各工况区多种转速下的全特性，由此分析了利用比例律推求全特性所产生的变异误差及苏特坐标曲线的误差，并从理论及试验两方面分析了同比速同系列泵及同比速同型式但系列不同的水泵全特性通用性问题，最后提出了根据水泵工况区特性预测水轮机工况区特性的计算方程，并同实测结果进行了比较，两者充分一致。     

混合动力汽车动力电池容量特性

针对混合动力汽车动力电池的特点，运用计算机软硬件设备构成测试系统，利用较易实现的电流积分方法来预估电量状态参数SOC，并进行了电池的实际容量特性试验，对电池电压、电流及温度进行了数据采集和监测。结果表明，利用该方法可得到较满意的电池电量状态参数估计。     

拖拉机抗性消声器的优化设计

研究了拖拉机排气消声器的一种优化设计方法及其应用。计算结果和试验结果吻合良好，表明利用该设计方法得到的消声器具有较好的消声性能，能大大缩短拖拉机排气消声器的研制周期。     

寡齿新银鱼卵细胞粘丝的亚显微结构

经电镜扫描寡齿新银鱼的第Ⅳ时相，第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞和受卵的卵细胞粘丝，结果表明，卵细胞表面具从受精孔发生的１２根左右粘丝，此粘丝于受精孔处微弱弯曲，经侧部渐向受精孔相对处呈现很强扭曲或互相缠绕。卵细胞粘丝不仅出现在受精卵和第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞表面，而且清晰地出现在第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞的滤泡膜上。     

大银鱼卵细胞粘丝扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察了大银鱼的第Ⅲ时相，第Ⅳ时相，第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞和受精卵的卵细胞粘丝的外部形态特征和它们的粘性，并讨论了卵细胞粘丝的功能。     

安徽沿江地区油麦后直播棉的品种选用策略

在目前安徽沿江地区不能实现棉花机采的情况下,提出了"植株高度既适于机采也适于人工采收,含絮力适中(不易落花便于集中采收),生育期适中(播种到采收为180天左右),纤维品质及产量性状较优(纤维长度30.0 mm以上,断裂比强度30.0 cN/tex以上,马克隆值5.0以下,籽棉产量3750 kg/hm2以上,衣分在40％...