PMSG提高初产母猪繁殖力的研究

７０头初产断奶母猪随机分为两组，试验组于断奶当日颈部肌肉注射１０００Ⅰ．Ｕ．ＰＭＳＧ；对照组只注射等容量生理盐水（注射用水），以观察初产母猪断奶后发情配种和２胎产仔的情况。结果表明：试验组母猪断奶发情配种的时间比对照组显著提前（Ｐ＜０．０１）；２胎产仔数增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而两组母猪发情配种的受胎率差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

升金湖越冬白头鹤集群变化及领域行为

白头鹤是长江中下游的大型越冬水鸟,安徽升金湖是其在国内主要的越冬地之一。近年来,由于生境退化,越冬种群的数量在萎缩,种群的越冬生态研究十分必要。2007年10月～2008年4月,我们在升金湖对白头鹤的主要分布地点进行了调查,并对集群情况进行了观察。升金湖白头鹤觅食地主要分布于湖区外围的稻田,夜栖于上湖核心区内。整个越冬期,白头鹤大部分以5只以上的群类型觅食,以家庭集群活动仅占越冬集群数的29.14%。随着越冬期的变化,集群大小发生改变：越冬前期,越冬鹤以家族群活动频率最高,占集群的35.64%,30～49只集群频率最低,仅为6.38%;越冬中期,家庭集群及5～9只集群频率相对于越冬前期减少,10只以上集群频率增加;越冬后期,以≥50只以上集群频率最高,占28.77%。此外,我们还观察到1对成年鹤占有一定面积的稻田并积极保护,表现领域行为。     

有机硒对种公牛精子活力、免疫力和血液生化指标的影响

试验选用5头成年种公牛作试验牛,采用分期试验,试验前期饲喂基础日粮,试验中期和后期添加一定量的有机硒,试验期采集种公牛的精液进行精子活力的检测,并分别采取血样进行血常规检测和免疫球蛋白G（IgG）的测定.试验结果表明：在种公牛日粮中添加一定量的有机硒能显著提高种公牛的精子活力和免疫力（P〈0.05）,但对血常规主要指标无显著的影响。     

Separating component parts of soil respiration under <Emphasis Type="Italic">Robinia pseudoacacia</Emphasis> plantation in the Taihang Mountains,China

Partitioning the respiratory components of soil surface CO₂ efflux is important in understanding carbon turnover and in identifying the soil carbon sink/source function in response to land-use change. The sensitivities of soil respiration components on changing climate patterns are currently not fully understood. We used trench and isotopic methods to separate total soil respiration into autotrophic (R _A ) and heterotrophic components (R _H ). This study was undertaken on a Robinia pseudoacacia L. plantation in the southern Taihang Mountains, China. The fractionation of soil ¹³CO₂ was analyzed by comparing the δ¹³C of soil CO₂ extracted from buried steel tubes with results from Gas Vapor Probe Kits at a depth of 50 cm at the preliminary test (2.03‰). The results showed that the contribution of autotrophic respiration (fR _A ) increased with increasing soil depth. The contribution of heterotrophic respiration (fR _H ) declined with increasing soil depth. The contribution of autotrophic respiration was similar whether estimated by the trench method (fR _A , 23.50%) or by the isotopic method in which a difference in value of ¹³C between soil and plant prevailed in the natural state (RC, 21.03%). The experimental error produced by the trench method was insignificant as compared with that produced by the isotopic method, providing a technical basis for further investigations.     

奶牛隐性酮病的研究概况

本文将黑龙江省规模化奶牛场隐性酮病的多年研究进行小结,根据奶牛隐性酮病的发病特点,并结合国内外的文献,概述了黑龙江省奶牛隐性酮病的发生情况、病因学、临床病理学特征和检测及防治方面的研究状况,提出一些问题,旨在为今后的研究提供新的思路和方向,从而创造良好的经济价值.     

藏系绵羊源沙门菌和产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌的分离与PCR鉴定

为研究外观健康藏系绵羊携带沙门菌和产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌情况,对采自外观健康藏系绵羊的19份肛门拭子进行大肠埃希菌和沙门菌分离鉴定.用选择性培养基及普通PCR方法共分离鉴定出1株沙门菌和13株大肠埃希菌,其中产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌4株,3株含有产志贺毒素基因Stx 1,1株含有产志贺毒素基因Stx 2,沙门菌invA基因和产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌Stx基因同源性分析表明,分离株沙门菌的invA与NCBI上已登录的5种血清型沙门菌核苷酸序列同源性为99.8％,4株产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌与NCBI上已登录菌株的核苷酸序列同源性都大于95％.本研究结果为高原地区藏系绵羊源沙门菌和产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌的流行病学调查奠定了基础.     

应用竞争PCR检测丙酸盐对体外培养牛肝细胞丙酮酸羧化酶mRNA水平的影响

根据牛肝细胞内PC(丙酮酸羧化酶)基因组与PCcDNA相比多含有一个内含子序列．在其中再插入一外源DNA序列．从而使最终构建的突变体片段的长度大于PCcDNA的长度，成功构建了PCcDNA的竞争DNA模板，然后应用竞争PCR方法研究了丙酸盐对体外培养新生牛单层肝细胞PCmRNA水平的影响。使单层肝细胞培养液中丙酸钠浓度分别为0、1．5、2．5、3．5、4．5、8．5、11．5mmol／L，处理24h，提取总RNA、逆转录，在同一体系中用相同引物扩增目的带和竞争模板带。结果表明．随着丙酸钠浓度的升高．PCmRNA水平呈上升趋势，提示肝细胞内PCmRNA的表达水平受培养液中丙酸钠浓度的影响。     

Village poultry consumption and marketing in relation to gender,religious festivals and market access

This study aimed to examine village poultry consumption and marketing in Ethiopia in relation to gender, socio-cultural events and market access. The main objects of the research were producers, poultry markets, producer-sellers, and intermediary sellers in three locations representing different levels of market access in Tigray. About 3000 farm records were collected over a period of 12 months from 131 producers to obtain quantitative data on sales and consumption. Ninety-three semi-structured interviews with 58 producer-sellers and 35 intermediaries and 12 group discussions with these market actors were conducted to explore organization, price dynamics and socio-cultural aspects of poultry marketing. In total, 928 producer-sellers and 225 intermediaries were monitored monthly to examine participation by gender in poultry marketing. Better market access was associated with a shorter market chain and higher prices for the producers. Female-headed households had smaller poultry sales and consumption per household but sale and consumption per family member were 25% and 66% higher, respectively, than in male-headed households. While women dominated in the producer-sellers group, intermediaries were mainly men. Religious festivals periodically shifted local demand and prices of poultry. To improve the benefit of poultry keeping, poverty-stricken households may profit from better market access through better market information, infrastructure, market group formation and careful planning to match the dynamics in demand.     

通过雏鸡MDV攻毒试验选择抗马立克氏病亲本

对F0、F1、F2亲本经继代No.614血型基因选择后繁殖的F2、F3雏鸡,10日龄以马立克氏病强毒（MDV）攻击至60日龄的死亡率,其父母亲对No.614抗血清呈阳性反应的试验组显著低于其父母亲对此抗血清呈阴性反应的对照组。试验组25个家系中,有14个家系的F2雏鸡死亡率显著低于对照组;F3雏鸡有21个家系的死亡率低于对照组,其中8个家系具有统计意义。肿瘤发生率,以肾脏和腺胃最高,肺脏和神经组织最低。综合血型抗原检测和MDV攻毒结果,从试验组25个家系中选留强MDV抗性家系留种繁殖,继代选育。     

应用电镜技术快速检测培养细胞中的支原体污染

应用电镜技术可快速准确地检测培养细胞中的支原体污染。通过高速离心浓缩样品,负染色后电镜观察,可在30min内做出判定,方法快速、简便、准确。