沿海防护林对农业减灾增产的初步研究及价值核算

沿海防护林对农业减灾增产的效益明显,通过对其作用机制的分析研究,核算出沿海防护林对文旦、柑桔、水稻的减灾增产价值分别为26 600、3 124、585元.hm-2.a-1,台州市沿海防护林对农业减灾增产总价值为9 934万元.a-1,平均单位面积农田的增产价值为1 834元.hm-2.a-1。     

湘南地区生物防火林带营造技术初探

分析了目前以郴州为代表的湘南地区森林火灾发生的主要原因,简述了我国生物防火林带营造现状,并提出适应湘南地区生物防火林带营造的主要树种和相关技术。     

川南几种竹种退耕还林植被恢复研究

本文用空间代时间的方法研究了长宁县竹林退耕还林在时间序列上的植被恢复特点。除毛竹外,和一般树种相比,竹类恢复为森林的时间较短,3 a~5 a即可成林。但竹种类型间成林速度存在差异,丛生竹成林最快,散生竹较慢。梁山慈竹和硬头黄竹退耕后可以一次成林,毛竹退耕可先进行农林复合经营直到群落郁闭。随着竹林的恢复,草本层生物量逐渐减少,地被物层生物量增加,各竹种新生个体的生态位逐渐扩大。人工栽植5 a的毛竹扩散规律研究结果表明,随着毛竹栽植时间的延伸,毛竹产生的新竹数目增多,个体变大,距离变远(170 cm),也存在大小年变化。人工促进竹林植被恢复速度明显较快。     

枣品种选择试验研究

1997～1999年对收集引进的22个枣品种进行生长和结果情况调查及物候期定点预测，以大荔圆枣为对照，从丰产性、品质、抗性（抗裂果）、单果重、结果整齐度5个方面进行综合评比，筛选出适宜我省发展的不同用途的枣树优良品种12个，为黄土高原红枣产业化发展提供了品种依据。     

Topology, scaling relations and Leonardo's rule in root systems from African tree species

Aspects of root architecture, including topology, link length, diameter and scaling relations, were analyzed in excavated coarse root systems of three field-grown fruit tree species (Strychnos cocculoides Bak., Strychnos spinosa Lam. and Vangueria infausta Burch) and the fruit-bearing shrub Grewia flava DC. We investigated the root systems using semi-automatic digitizing and computer-based 3-D reconstruction techniques. Topological analysis was carried out to investigate branching patterns as basic determinants of root architecture. New topological indices were developed and revealed significant differences among the species. The different architectural strategies can be explained in terms of cost-benefit relations and efficiency in soil resource exploration and exploitation. In addition, some well-known hypotheses about geometry and scaling, most of them previously unverified by empirical observations on root systems, were tested. For practical applications, the main emphasis is on the relationship between proximal root diameter, an easily determined parameter, and several parameters describing the size of the whole root system. We also tested the "pipe stem" theory, essentially dating back to Leonardo da Vinci, which underlies many models and which we found conformed to our measurement data with reasonable accuracy. A physiological consequence of the "constant cross-sectional area rule" may be a certain homogeneity of hydraulic architecture throughout root systems.     

速生杨树无性系丰产育苗技术研究

将筛选出的JP15、JP13和JP7共3个杨树无性系进行育苗试验，结果看出：①3个杨树无性系其生长期均比对照长1～2个月；②扦插成活率除JP7较差外、JP15与JP13均高于对照，达95％以上；③在育苗密度上，以40cm×60cm为最好，不仅苗木整齐，且壮苗合格率达80％以上。在试验基础上，总结出一套杨树快繁技术措施。     

湖南藤蔓植物繁殖栽培技术研究

湖南藤蔓植物繁殖栽培技术研究聂东伶，何友军（湖南省森林植物园，长沙，４１０１１６）（湖南省林业厅）湖南地处中亚热带，气候温暖，雨量充沛，藤蔓植物资源丰富。为了充分挖掘丰富的藤蔓植物资源，我们在１９８８年就开始了湖南藤蔓植物的引进繁殖和栽培技术研究。在...     

白榆不同造林密度与生长量关系的研究

营造株行距１＊１ｍ、１＊２ｍ，２．５＊３ｍ不同造林密度的白检试验林，１４年的试验结果表明，３种不同栽植密对林分的高生长影响不大，但对胸径生长影响非常明显。     

Intestinal absorption of forsythoside A in different compositions of Shuang-Huang-Lian

Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL), a traditional Chinese formula containing Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF), Scutellariae radix (SR) and Forsythiae fructus (FF), is commonly used to treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. Forsythoside A is one of the main active ingredients in Forsythiae fructus, a key herb in SHL. In the present study, effects of different compositions in SHL on the intestinal absorption of forsythoside A were investigated. The observations from in situ intestinal circulation model showed that A/%(h^− 1) of forsythoside A in FF + LSF, FF + SR and SHL were all reduced greatly compared with that in FF. However, in pharmacokinetics study, C_max and AUC_0 → 1440 of forsythoside A all increased and T_1/2 prolonged in SHL, FF + LJF and FF + SR compared with FF. The results indicated that the different compositions of SHL decreased absorption but increased bioavailability of forsythoside A, which may be related to its metabolism inhibited in intestine or liver.     

Temperature signals contribute to the timing of photoperiodic growth cessation and bud set in poplar

Bud set, the cornerstone delimiting the seasonal growth period in trees, is the dynamic net result of the often photoperiod-controlled growth cessation and the subsequent bud formation. Here, we show that in hybrid poplar, the critical day length for growth cessation and the duration of bud formation each vary with local climatic conditions in identical genotypes. The detailed dissection of bud set suggests temperature as one additional environmental factor that modifies the sensitivity to day-length signals at growth cessation and influences the duration of bud formation in poplar. The ability of perennial plants to integrate additional environmental signals with photoperiod signaling may add to short-term acclimatization to the predicted longer growing seasons in future climates.