不同面粉对鲜白盐面条颜色的影响

为了研究不同面粉对鲜白盐面条颜色的影响，在澳大利亚商业面粉中添加一定量的淀粉、面筋粉和麦芽，配制了8种面粉，用其制成鲜白盐面条后，用Minolta在0和24h时分别测量其L*、a*、b*值。经分析，在0和24h时，8种面条的L*、a*、b*值都分别达到显著或极显著水平；在24h后，所有面条的颜色变差，其L*值降低，a*、b*值升高；经比较，在添加了淀粉的面条颜色较好，其中以面条CK+9%S（在面粉中添加9%淀粉）的颜色最好。结果建议育种家在优质面条小麦育种中，应注意选出的品种蛋白质含量不应高，而淀粉含量应较高和面条颜色稳定性好的抗穗发芽品种。     

Effects of Flour Extraction Rate,Added Water,and Salt on Color and Texture of Chinese White Noodles

Both cultivar and noodle composition and preparation have important effects on noodle quality. In this study, the effects of flour extraction rate (50, 60, and 70%), added water (33, 35, and 37%), and salt concentration (0, 1, and 2%, w/w) on color and texture of Chinese white noodle (CWN) were investigated using flour samples from five leading Chinese wheat cultivars. The five samples showed large variations in protein content, ash content, flour color, farinograph, and extensigraph parameters, and starch pasting properties. Analyses of variance indicated that cultivar, flour extraction rate, level of water addition, salt concentration, and the interactions had significant effects on color of raw noodle sheets and color and textural properties of CWN. Cultivar and water addition were more important sources of variation than flour extraction rate and salt concentration. The brightness (L*) and redness (a*) values of raw noodle sheets were significantly reduced and increased, respectively, as flour extraction rate increased from 50 to 70%, and noodle scores were slightly higher at flour extraction rates of 50%. Water addition showed different effects on raw noodle sheet color at 2 and 24 hr, and a significant improvement was observed for noodle appearance, firmness, viscoelasticity, smoothness, and total score as water addition increased from 33 to 37%. L* of raw noodle sheets, and firmness and viscoelasticity of cooked noodles, were significantly improved, but noodle flavor significantly deteriorated as salt concentration increased from 0 to 2%; 1% salt produced the highest noodle score. Thus, the recommended composition for laboratory preparation of CWN is 60% flour extraction, 35% water addition, and 1% salt concentration.     

Zinc deficiency in sheep and goats: three field cases

Zinc deficiency was diagnosed in 2 flocks of sheep and a herd of goats. Alopecia and eating of wool were observed. Skin lesions were hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. Abnormal hoof growth and a closed stance with arched back and bowed hindlimbs were seen. Anorexia, depression, and foot soreness diminished quickly after zinc supplementation. Skin lesions healed and hair and wool growth resumed. A cause for the deficiency could not be established.     

Epizootic of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a wildlife park.

An epizootic attributable to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection was confirmed in captive ruminants in a wildlife park by microbiologic and histologic findings. An epornitic of Y pseudotuberculosis infection was identified at the same period in a vicinity near the ruminant deaths. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can infect human beings and cause acute enteritis and mesenteric lymphadenitis. People in contact with infected animals should use extreme caution and use good sanitary precautions to preclude transmission of this agent.     

Morbilliviruses in Mediterranean monk seals.

Two morbilliviruses were isolated from Mediterranean monk seals (Monachus monachus), one from a stranded animal in Greece and the other one from carcasses washed ashore during a mass die-off in Mauritania. From both viruses N and P gene fragments were sequenced and compared to those of other known morbilliviruses. The monk seal morbilliviruses most closely resembled previously identified cetacean morbilliviruses, indicating that interspecies transmission from cetaceans to pinnipeds has occurred.     

县级土地利用总体规划的理论与方法研究

提出和定义了土地利用总体规划系统工程的概念,论述了土地利用总体规划系统的特点及其编制与修编的基本理论与技术方法。     

不同引证主体的专利引文实证比较研究——以5G通信技术领域为例

[目的/意义]目前对专利引文数据的挖掘已被广泛研究应用,此类研究对了解产业演化规律,发现新兴技术机会均有重要意义.为此,本研究是基于对专利的引用主体、引用背景等要素的深入理解上进行.[方法/过程]以第五代移动通信技术(5G)的高被引专利为对象,在德温特专利数据库获取其审查员引文和申请人引文数据.利用定量分析和社会网络分...