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31.
Chika Suzuki Yoshinori Tanaka Toru Takeuchi Setsuzo Yumoto Shigehisa Shirai 《Breeding Science》2012,61(5):602-607
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is one of the most damaging pests of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Host plant resistance has been the most effective control method. Because of the spread of multiple SCN races in Hokkaido, the Tokachi Agricultural Experiment Station has bred soybeans for SCN resistance since 1953 by using 2 main resistance resources PI84751 (resistant to races 1 and 3) and Gedenshirazu (resistant to race 3). In this study, we investigated the genetic relationships of SCN resistance originating from major SCN resistance genes in Gedenshirazu and PI84751 by using SSR markers. We confirmed that race 1 resistance in PI84751 was independently controlled by 4 genes, 2 of which were rhg1 and Rhg4. We classified the PI84751- type allele of Rhg1 as rhg1-s and the Gedenshirazu-type allele of Rhg1 as rhg1-g. In the cross of the Gedenshirazu-derived race 3-resistant lines and the PI84751-derived races 1- and 3-resistant lines, the presence of rhg1-s and Rhg4 was responsible for race 1-resistance. These results indicated that it was possible to select race 1 resistant plants by using marker-assisted selection for the rhg1-s and Rhg4 alleles through a PI84751 origin × Gedenshirazu origin cross. 相似文献
32.
Min Wei Anna Kakehashi Shotaro Yamano Seiko Tamano Tomoyuki Shirai Hideki Wanibuchi Shoji Fukushima 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2012,25(3):209-214
The purposes of the present study were to evaluate the hepatocarcinogenicity of
concurrent treatment of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline
(MeIQx) and diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in rats and to determine whether no effect levels of
combinations of these two different structural categories of genotoxic hepatocarcinogens
exist. Two 16-week rat hepatocarcinogenesis assays were performed using a total of 790
male F344 rats. In experiment 1, we evaluated the effects of concurrent treatment of a
subcarcinogenic dose of DEN on rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by various doses of MeIQx.
In experiment 2, we determined hepatocarcinogenicities of combinations of MeIQx and DEN at
subcarcinogenic doses, low carcinogenic doses and high carcinogenic doses. Quantitative
analyses of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive
foci, a preneoplastic lesion of the liver in rats, revealed that concurrent treatment with
subcarcinogenic doses of DEN did not enhance MeIQx-induced rat hepatocarcinogenicity. We
also found that concurrent treatment with combinations of subcarcinogenic doses of DEN and
MeIQx was not hepatocarcinogenic, indicating that the combined effects of subcarcinogenic
doses of DEN and MeIQx were neither additive nor synergistic. Moreover, concurrent
treatment with low carcinogenic doses of these 2 carcinogens did not show additive or
synergistic effects. Synergetic effects were observed only in rats coadministered high
carcinogenic doses of the 2 carcinogens. These results demonstrate the existence of no
effect levels of combinations of these 2 genotoxic hepatocarcinogens, and provide new
evidence supporting our idea that there is a threshold, at least a practical threshold,
that should be considered when evaluating the risk of genotoxic carcinogens. 相似文献
33.
Okagawa T Konnai S Ikebuchi R Suzuki S Shirai T Sunden Y Onuma M Murata S Ohashi K 《Veterinary research》2012,43(1):45
ABSTRACT: The immunoinhibitory receptor T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) and its ligand, galectin-9 (Gal-9), are involved in the immune evasion mechanisms for several pathogens causing chronic infections. However, there is no report concerning the role of Tim-3 in diseases of domestic animals. In this study, cDNA encoding for bovine Tim-3 and Gal-9 were cloned and sequenced, and their expression and role in immune reactivation were analyzed in bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-infected cattle. Predicted amino acid sequences of Tim-3 and Gal-9 shared high homologies with human and mouse homologues. Functional domains, including tyrosine kinase phosphorylation motif in the intracellular domain of Tim-3 were highly conserved among cattle and other species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that bovine Tim-3 mRNA is mainly expressed in T cells such as CD4+ and CD8+ cells, while Gal-9 mRNA is mainly expressed in monocyte and T cells. Tim-3 mRNA expression in CD4+ and CD8+ cells was upregulated during disease progression of BLV infection. Interestingly, expression levels for Tim-3 and Gal-9 correlated positively with viral load in infected cattle. Furthermore, Tim-3 expression level closely correlated with up-regulation of IL-10 in infected cattle. The expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 mRNA was upregulated when PBMC from BLV-infected cattle were cultured with Cos-7 cells expressing Tim-3 to inhibit the Tim-3/Gal-9 pathway. Moreover, combined blockade of the Tim-3/Gal-9 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways significantly promoted IFN-γ mRNA expression compared with blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway alone. These results suggest that Tim-3 is involved in the suppression of T cell function during BLV infection. 相似文献
34.
Sato T Ikebata Y Koie H Shibuya H Shirai W Nogami S 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2003,50(4):222-224
Necropsy was performed on a mongrel male cat of unknown age weighing 1.3 kg, which probably encountered a traffic accident. Gross pathological examination of the brain revealed reddish colour of the right cerebral hemisphere and haemorrhages on the surface of the right frontal lobe to temporal lobe. Histologically, there was diffuse vacuolation in the cortex of the right frontal lobe and extensive haemorrhages in the base of brain. These histopathological findings were consistent with areas of abnormal signals found on post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, the MRI findings were identical to that reported in human cases of head trauma as well as histopathological changes. 相似文献
35.
Neutralizing test of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV) in FS-L3 cells cultured without serum 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sasaki I Kazusa Y Shirai J Taniguchi T Honda E 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(3):381-383
FS-L3 cells, originating from porcine kidney, were used for propagation of Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV) and development of a virus neutralizing (VN) test. Sera of pigs, rats, cows and dogs had VN activities to HEV. On the other hand, sera of mice, rabbits, goats, sheep, horses, cats, chickens, hamsters and human did not have measurable VN activities, although these sera had high HI activities. Our results support the idea that the VN is a more reliable measure of HEV infection than the conventionally used HI test. 相似文献
36.
M Doi T Yamakami H Koimaru M Yoshimura S Masu J Shirai H Kawamura 《Avian diseases》1982,26(4):946-956
Eight etiologic agents isolated from field cases in Japan were identified as isolates of infectious bronchitis virus by agar-gel diffusion, buoyant-density determination on sucrose-density centrifugation, and morphological study by electron microscope of the purified viruses. In studies of the antigenic relationships of the eight isolates and six known infectious bronchitis viruses, antigenic diversity of these viruses was recognized from the degrees of relatedness using a plaque reduction in the "constant-virus decreasing-serum" method. 相似文献
37.
J Shirai K Nakamura M Narita K Furuta H Hihara H Kawamura 《The Veterinary record》1989,124(25):658-661
Avian nephritis virus, G-4260 strain, was inoculated orally into one-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks of two lines. Approximately 20 per cent of the chicks of both lines died with visceral urate deposits from eight to 12 days after infection, and the virus was isolated from the kidneys of the dead chicks. At 14 or 15 days of age the mean liveweight of the surviving infected chicks was approximately 16 per cent less than that of the uninfected control chicks. 相似文献
38.
39.
In this study, we investigated the effect of multiple oral dosing of ketoconazole (KTZ) on pharmacokinetics of quinidine (QN), a CYP3A substrate with low hepatic clearance, after i.v. and oral administration in beagle dogs. Four dogs were given p.o. KTZ for 20 days (200 mg, b.i.d.). QN was administered either i.v. (1 mg/kg) or p.o. (100 mg) 10 and 20 days before the KTZ treatment and 10 and 20 days after start of KTZ treatment. Multiple oral dosing of KTZ decreased significantly alpha and beta, whereas increased t(1/2beta), V(1), and k(a). The KTZ treatment also decreased significantly both total body clearance (Cl(tot)) and oral clearance (Cl(oral)). No significant change in bioavailability was observed in the presence of KTZ. Co-administration of KTZ increased C(max) of QN to about 1.5-fold. Mean resident time after i.v. administration (MRT(i.v.)), and after oral administration (MRT(p.o.)) of QN were prolonged to about twofold, whereas mean absorption time (MAT) was decreased to 50%. Volume of distribution at steady state (V(d(ss))) of QN was unchanged in the presence of KTZ. These alterations may be because of a decrease in metabolism of QN by inhibition of KTZ on hepatic CYP3A activity. In conclusion, multiple oral dosing of KTZ affected largely pharmacokinetics of QN after i.v. and oral administration in beagle dogs. Therefore, KTZ at a clinical dosing regimen may markedly change the pharmacokinetics of drugs primarily metabolized by CYP3A with low hepatic clearance in dogs. In clinical use, much attention should be paid to concomitant administration of KTZ with the drug when given either p.o. or i.v. 相似文献
40.
Nakamura T Noguchi T Tanaka M Zolensky ME Kimura M Tsuchiyama A Nakato A Ogami T Ishida H Uesugi M Yada T Shirai K Fujimura A Okazaki R Sandford SA Ishibashi Y Abe M Okada T Ueno M Mukai T Yoshikawa M Kawaguchi J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1113-1116
The Hayabusa spacecraft successfully recovered dust particles from the surface of near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa. Synchrotron-radiation x-ray diffraction and transmission and scanning electron microscope analyses indicate that the mineralogy and mineral chemistry of the Itokawa dust particles are identical to those of thermally metamorphosed LL chondrites, consistent with spectroscopic observations made from Earth and by the Hayabusa spacecraft. Our results directly demonstrate that ordinary chondrites, the most abundant meteorites found on Earth, come from S-type asteroids. Mineral chemistry indicates that the majority of regolith surface particles suffered long-term thermal annealing and subsequent impact shock, suggesting that Itokawa is an asteroid made of reassembled pieces of the interior portions of a once larger asteroid. 相似文献