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101.
BACKGROUND: Teucrium polium is an analgesic, antidiabetic and antilipeidemic herbal medicament. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract T. polium on liver enzymes linked to liver dysfunction, serum lipids and glucose, in diabetic male rats. METHODS: A total of 20 Sprague-Dawly male rats became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). the animals were divided randomly into two groups. Experimental group was fed Teucrium polium (50 mg/kg) for a month but control group was received the same volume of distilled water. Liver enzymes, biochemical parameters (cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase, aspartae transaminase) and glucose were measured by kinetic (Enzymatic) and colorimetric methods. Data obtained were analyzed and mean values were compared by paired student's t-test. The results were expressed as mean +/- SD. Significant differences were set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Our results showed that in test group, serum glucose values decreased significantly (P < 0.05), but cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase and aspartae transaminase increased significantly after use of T. polium (P < 0.05). This parameters value did not show any changes in control group. CONCLUSION: Although the aqueous extract of Teucrium polium has strong hypoglycemic properties in experimental animals, but because of some hepatotoxic effects, it is not suitable to use it in human as an antidiabetic agent. 相似文献
102.
The magnitude of damage to buffalo spermatozoa during incubation with different levels of H2O2 was assessed. A total number of 24 ejaculates from four Murrah buffalo bulls were analysed in the study. Each ejaculate was split into two parts (part I and II). Part I was extended in Tris–egg yolk–citrate extender (20% egg yolk:7% glycerol), equilibrated (4 h at 5°C) and cryopreserved in 0.5‐ml French straws and stored in liquid nitrogen. The other part was utilized for fresh semen studies. The sperm in fresh, equilibrated and frozen–thawed semen was separated by centrifugation (1500 g ; 15 min) and were washed with sperm TALP. The sperm cells were re‐suspended in incubation TALP at the rate of 108 sperm cells per millilitre and incubated with 0, 10, 25, and 50 μm H2O2 per ml at 37°C. Sperm motility, viability and intact acrosome percentages were assessed at 15‐min intervals up to 60 min of incubation. Lipid peroxidation levels of sperm were assessed at 0 and 60 min of incubation. The results of the experiment revealed that sperm motility decreased drastically during incubation with H2O2. Among the different levels of H2O2, the 50‐μm H2O2‐incorporated group had significantly (p < 0.05) higher malonaldehyde (MDA) level than the other groups. In the 50‐μm H2O2‐incorporated group, the MDA levels in fresh, equilibrated and frozen–thawed semen after incubation for 60 min were 961.6 ± 12.7, 991.8 ± 10.3 and 1234.9 ± 9.6 nm per 109 spermatozoa respectively. An inverse relationship was observed between sperm motility, viability, intact acrosome percentages and concentration of H2O2 and duration of incubation. The decrease in sperm functions with duration of incubation and concentration of H2O2 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in frozen–thawed than fresh and equilibrated spermatozoa. 相似文献
103.
SUMMARY This paper reviews the laboratory diagnosis of Leptospira hardjo infection in cattle. Two genotypes of L hardjo, Hardjoprajitno and Hardjobovis, have been identified in cattle, but only Hardjobovis has been isolated in Australia. There are problems with diagnosis and control of bovine leptospirosis. Infection is usually subclinical and the serological titres vary greatly in peak and duration. Leptospires may be excreted in urine for up to 18 months. Low microscopic agglutination test titres may be significant in unvaccinated herds as indicators of endemic infection. Vaccines differ in their composition, and their efficacy is difficult to evaluate. The serological response after vaccination is difficult to differentiate from the response after infection. Pregnant cows that become infected may abort, but this is usually after the serological response has peaked. Therefore, paired serum samples are of little use in diagnosing abortion caused by L hardjo. Fluorescent antibody techniques are more sensitive than dark field microscopy for detection of leptospires in urine and tissue samples. Techniques for culture have improved but are still difficult to perform and take 3 months or longer for results to be known. DNA probes and polymerase chain reaction tests are very sensitive and specific, quick to perform, and can be used on fluid and tissue samples. 相似文献
104.
MR Namazi 《Journal of Autoimmune Diseases》2009,6(1):4
The Cytochrome-P-450 enzymes (CYP) are among the most important xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, which produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as the result of metabolizing xenobiotics.ROS are believed to play important roles in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases. ROS can alter the structure of cellular antigens to produce a "neo-antigen" which could mount an autoimmune response against the original antigen through molecular mimicry. ROS are involved in apoptosis, activation of antigen presenting cells and initiation or amplification of diverse immunologic reactions.Taking all these facts together, it could be speculated that CYP may be involved in the initiation and/or amplification of autoimmune phenomena. 相似文献
105.
106.
ÁE Domínguez‐Rebolledo F Martínez‐Pastor MR Fernández‐Santos E Del Olmo A Bisbal JL Ros‐Santaella JJ Garde 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e360-e368
Several methods are used to measure lipid peroxidation (LPO) in spermatozoa. The objective of this study was comparing the thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) method and the BODIPY 581/591 C11 (B581) and BODIPY 665/676 C11 (B665) fluorescent probes to measure induced peroxidative damage in thawed epididymal spermatozoa from Iberian red deer. Samples from three males were thawed, pooled, diluted in PBS, incubated at room temperature and assessed at 0, 3, 6 and 24 h under different experimental conditions: Control, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 0.1 mm or 1 mm , or tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) 0.1 mm or 1 mm . LPO was assessed by the TBARS assay [malondialdehyde (MDA) detection] and by the fluorescence probes B581 and B665 (microplate fluorimeter and flow cytometry). Increasing MDA levels were only detectable at 1 mm of TBH or H2O2. Both fluorescence probes, measured with fluorometer, detected significant increases of LPO with time in all treatments, except Control. Flow cytometry allowed for higher sensitivity, with both probes showing a significant linear relationship of increasing LPO with time for all oxidizing treatments (p < 0.001). All methods showed a good agreement, except TBARS, and flow cytometry showed the highest repeatability. Our results show that both B581 and B665 might be used for LPO analysis in Iberian red deer epididymal spermatozoa, together with fluorometry or flow cytometry. Yet, the TBARS method offered comparatively limited sensitivity, and further research must determine the source of that limitation. 相似文献
107.
A Dalman P Eftekhari‐Yazdi MR Valojerdi A Shahverdi H Gourabi E Janzamin R Fakheri F Sadeghian F Hasani 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):e46-e53
Cell cycle stage and synchronization of donor cells are important factors influencing the success of somatic cell nuclear transfer. This study examined whether serum starvation has any effect on specific cell death. We also studied the effects of serum starvation, culture to confluence, and full confluency (confluent + 72 h) on cell cycle characteristics and apoptosis of goat dermal fibroblast cells. The cells were obtained from the ear of a 1.5‐year‐old female goat. The following experimental groups were analysed for fibroblast cells: (i) normally growing, (ii) confluent, (iii) full confluency, (iv) cells starved for 48 h and (v) cells starved for 72 h. Analysis of cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry showed that 4.56 and 51.88% of normal cycling cells were at the G0 and G1 phases respectively. In the confluent group, 80% of the cells were arrested in the G0/G1 phase. Serum starvation for 48 and 72 h arrested 84.78% and 90.1% cells at the G0/G1 phase respectively which showed a significant difference when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Double staining by PI and FITC distinguishes G0 phase from G1 phase. In the full confluency group, 91.53% of cells were at G0/G1 stage, but in contrast to the serum starved group, this high percentage of G0/G1 cells was mainly associated with G1 cells. Under normal culture conditions, 6.39% of cells underwent early apoptosis. In the confluent group 8.93% of cells showed early apoptosis. Serum starvation for 48 and 72 h caused early apoptosis in 8.91 and 39.83% of the cells respectively. Full confluency treatment did not increase the number of apoptotic cells significantly (8.67%). After 72 h, serum starvation significantly increased early apoptosis (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of full confluency is suitable for cell cycle synchronization because it arrests cells at the G0/G1 phase and also induces less apoptosis in comparison with the serum starvation group. 相似文献
108.
Sublethal effects of the insecticidal fusion protein ω‐ACTX‐Hv1a/GNA on the parasitoid Eulophus pennicornis via its host Lacanobia oleracea 下载免费PDF全文
109.
Isaac Kiyingi Abdi-Khalil Edriss Alexander MR Phiri Buyinza Mukadasi Susan Tumwebaze Hillary Agaba 《Southern Forests》2016,78(3):201-208
This study assessed the amount of carbon stored and the economic viability of the small-scale Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) carbon offsets in Pinus caribaea and Eucalyptus grandis plantations under varying rotations. Volume equations were used to estimate carbon stocks and merchantable wood volume in the plantations, while net present value (NPV) and annual equivalent value (AEV) were used as measures of profitability at the optimum economic rotation age as well as at the CDM-defined crediting period of 20 years. The findings show that over a 20-year rotation, E. grandis and P. caribaea plantations sequestered 638 and 418 t CO2-e ha?1, respectively. The NPVs of E. grandis and P. caribaea with carbon credits over the CDM carbon-crediting period of 20 years were US$2 540 ha?1 and US$1 814 ha?1, respectively. This is higher than the NPVs without carbon credits of US$1 543 ha?1 and US$1 390 ha?1 for E. grandis and P. caribaea, respectively. The AEV of E. grandis harvested at its optimal economic rotation of 10 years was US$316 ha?1. This is slightly higher than the AEV of US$298 ha?1, utilising the CDM carbon-crediting period of 20 years. In contrast, the AEV of P. caribaea under the 20-year CDM carbon-crediting period was higher than harvesting at the optimal economic rotation of 16 years without carbon credits. When the average CDM contract establishment costs exceed US$500 ha?1 and US$1 000 ha?1 for P. caribaea and E. grandis woodlots, respectively, it is not economically viable for one to participate in the CDM forest carbon offsets programme. In conclusion, the study results indicate that whereas E. grandis has a higher biological potential to sequester carbon than P. caribaea, it is currently not economically viable for participation in the CDM forest carbon offset scheme. In contrast, it is economically viable for P. caribaea plantations to participate in the CDM, if the CDM contract establishment costs are low. 相似文献
110.