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161.
Salvador Becerra-Rodríguez Víctor Manuel Medina-Urrutia Marciano Manuel Robles-González Timothy Williams 《Euphytica》2008,164(1):27-36
Grapefruit growers in the tropics require information about existing and new citrus cultivars with high productivity potential.
The objective of this study was to determine the growth, yield, and fruit quality performance of seven pigmented and four
white grapefruit cultivars under the dry tropic conditions of Colima, Mexico. The trees were budded on sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) rootstock and planted at a distance of 8 × 4 m. ‘Oroblanco’ and ‘Marsh Gardner’ white-fleshed grapefruit cultivars and
‘Chandler’, a pink-fleshed pummelo, were the largest trees with the greatest height (5.0–5.6 m), canopy diameter (6.2–6.3 m),
trunk diameter (21.9–23.3 cm), and canopy volume (109–123 m3). Lower height (4.3–4.8 m) and canopy volume (73–96 m3), but with similar canopy diameter to the previously mentioned cultivars, were recorded for the remaining pigmented cultivars.
‘Chandler’ pummelo and four pigmented grapefruit cultivars (‘Shambar’, ‘Río Red’, ‘Ray Ruby’, and ‘Redblush #3’) had yearly
productions of 34.8, 34.9, 34.1, 32.7, and 30.6 ton ha−1, respectively. The most productive white grapefruit cultivar was ‘Marsh Gardner’ (30.5 ton ha−1). Grapefruit cultivars having the largest fruit size showed a higher inverse relationship between fruit weight and yield
than those with small fruit. Most genotypes had higher values of fruit weight, juice content, and maturity index than those
required by the local market. The most promising grapefruit cultivars based on their acceptable growth, yield superior to
30 ton ha−1, and acceptable fruit color were ‘Río Red’, ‘Shambar’, ‘Ray Ruby’, and ‘Redblush #3’. 相似文献
162.
163.
164.
Nagamine MK Sanches DS Pinello KC Torres LN Mennecier G Latorre AO Fukumasu H Dagli ML 《Veterinary research communications》2011,35(6):391-399
Mast cell tumor (MCT) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms that affect skin and soft tissue in dogs. Because mast cell tumors
present a great variety of clinical appearance and behavior, their treatment becomes a challenge. Trichostatin A (TSA), an
antifungal antibiotic, has shown inhibitory effects on the proliferation and induction of apoptosis in various types of cancer
cells. In order to evaluate the potential of trichostatin A as a therapeutic drug, cells of grade 3 MCT were cultured and
treated with concentrations of 1 nM to 400 nM of TSA. MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion assays were performed to estimate
cell growth and cell viability, and cell cycle analysis was evaluated. TSA treatment showed a reduction in numbers of viable
cells and an increase of cell death by apoptosis. The cell cycle analysis showed an increase of hypodiploid cells and a reduction
of G0/G1 and G2/M –phases. According to these results, trichostatin A may be an interesting potential chemotherapeutic agent
for the treatment of canine MCT. 相似文献
165.
Polysulfonamide (PSA) has been widely used in many fields because of its excellent thermodynamic properties. In this study, PSA fibers were prepared separately via two different spinning ways, including conventional wet spinning and electrospinning. Fluid motion of wet spinning and electrostatic field of electrospinning were modeled using finite element analysis to investigate the spinning process. The properties of fabricated PSA fibers were characterized systematically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravity analysis (TGA) and electronic strength tester. Based on the simulation and theoretical analysis of spinning process, it was found that the extruding force of the wet spinning is larger than that of the electrospinning. The larger extruding force makes the alignment of macromolecules inside fiber relatively uniform, and a higher proportion of crystallization happens. Accordingly, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PSA fibers could be improved due to a higher proportion of crystallization. The experimental results of mechanical strength and TG test are coincided with the simulation results. PSA fiber prepared by wet spinning has better thermal stability and mechanical properties than that fabricated by electrospinning. 相似文献
166.
Stomatal regulation plays a vital role related to plant functioning, especially with a limited water supply. Estimating the leaf stomatal conductance (g s) is pivotal for further estimation of transpiration as well as energy and mass balances between air and plant in arid regions. Based on successive measurements of leaf gas exchange of two typical desert riparian phreatophytes, Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb., and Populus euphratica Oliv., we estimated g s using the empirical, optimal, and mechanistic models. Measurements were conducted on T. ramosissima during the growing seasons in 2011 and 2012 and P. euphratica in 2013 and 2014. Estimated values were compared with those measured by the portable open-path gas exchange measurement system. Results indicated that Ye’s mechanistic model always performed best among all the g s models tested here with R 2 values of 0.878 and 0.723 for T. ramosissima in 2011 and 2012, and 0.625 and 0.867 for P. euphratica in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Meanwhile, Medlyn’s optimal model exhibited the least reliable performance with R 2 at values of 0.514 and 0.398 for T. ramosissima in 2011 and 2012, and 0.385 and 0.101 for P. euphratica in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Empirical models may not be suitable for application in novel situations because they have been developed from experimental observations rather than from any mechanistic understanding or theory of stomatal behavior. Consequently, the application of Ye’s mechanistic model will be of great significance for the modeling and up-scaling of g s in extremely arid regions in the future. 相似文献
167.
Kim Yrjälä Riikka Katainen Ulla Saarela Martin Romantschuk 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2004,36(1):199-201
The combined and separate effects of Cd and wood ash on Archaea from coniferous forest humus were studied in a microcosm experiment. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of the denaturing gradient gel analysis of polymerase chain reaction amplified 0.9 kb 16S ribosomal DNA fragments revealed changes in archaeal communities due to the ash treatments. Cd with or without ash did not further influence the result. Representatives of the ash and control communities were cloned, grouped by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and finally sequenced. All sequences belonged to non-thermophilic Crenarchaea. 相似文献
168.
Rakib MA Kim YS Jang WJ Choi BD Kim JO Kong IK Ha YL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2010,58(22):12022-12030
The protective effect of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) was examined in a human mammary epithelial cell line (MCF-10A) treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), relative to t10,c12-CLA isomer. TPA inhibited GJIC in a dose-dependent and reversible manner and was associated with connexin 43 phosphorylation. Pretreatment of 20 μM c9,t11-CLA for 24 h prior to 60 nM TPA for 1 h prevented the inhibition of GJIC by reducing the phosphorylation of connexin 43 via suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) activation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by TPA was attenuated by c9,t11-CLA. The efficacy of c9,t11-CLA in protecting inhibition of GJIC, connexin 43 phosphorylation, and ROS production was superior to that of t10,c12-CLA. These results suggest that c9,t11-CLA, including t10,c12-CLA, prevents the carcinogenesis of MCF-10A cells by protecting down-regulation of GJIC during the cancer promotion stage, and lack of their toxicities could be an excellent indicator for the chemoprevention of breast cancer. 相似文献
169.
C. Bindu Roy Zoe-Joy Newby Jacob Mathew David Ian Guest 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,147(1):129-139
In 2010, symptoms of cobweb disease were observed on cultivated Pleurotus eryngii crops in Spain. Based on morphological and genetic analyses, the causal agent of cobweb was identified as Cladobotryum mycophilum. Pathogenicity tests on fruit bodies were performed using conidial suspensions of three C. mycophilum isolates. The causal agent was re-isolated in 80–85 % of the fruit bodies inoculated internally and 15–40 % of those fruit bodies inoculated on the cap surface. The results pointed to a certain resistance of the P. eryngii cap surface to the mycelium of C. mycophilum. Two cropping trials inoculated with C. mycophilum were set up to evaluate the pathogenicity of the causal agent of cobweb in two casings. At the end of the growth cycle, 50–60 % of the inoculated blocks cased with mineral soil, and 20–33 % of the inoculated blocks cased with black peat showed cobweb symptoms. This difference in the appearance of the disease and its aggressiveness may be partly explained by different electrical conductivity values of the casing materials used. In vitro sensitivity of the C. mycophilum isolates and P. eryngii strains against four fungicides (chlorothalonil, prochloraz-Mn, thiabendazole and thiophanate-methyl) was assessed in radial growth experiments on fungicide-amended media. The most effective fungicides for inhibiting the in vitro growth of C. mycophilum were prochloraz-Mn and chlorothalonil, while prochloraz-Mn was also the most selective fungicide between P. eryngii and C. mycophilum, and chlorothalonil was the most toxic fungicide against the P. eryngii mycelium. 相似文献
170.