不同密度对棉花根系生长与分布的影响

 利用根钻挖掘法研究了大田条件下6个种植密度对棉花根系生长分布的影响。结果表明：1.5万～8.7万株·hm^-2密度水平根干物质质量密度、根长密度在吐絮之前持续增加,而10.5万株·hm^-2处理在盛铃期后出现下降。在盛蕾期至初花期,棉花根干物质质量密度、根长密度均随种植密度的增加而增大;在盛花期至吐絮初期,根干物质质量密度以3.3万株·hm-2处理最高,3.3万～10.5万株·hm^-2处理根长密度显著高于1.5万株·hm^-2。根系垂直分布结果表明,0～30 cm土层内的根干物质质量和根长分别占所测土体中根量的67.80%～97.44%和54.01%～93.33%。低密度处理（1.5万株·hm^-2、3.3万株·hm^-2）的浅层（0～20 cm）根干物质质量密度和根长密度在盛蕾期均低于其它处理,深层（30～60 cm）根干物质质量密度和根长密度在初花期至盛铃期低于其它处理。吐絮初期,各密度处理根长密度在深层土壤有显著差异。     

蚕茧收烘贮环节与内印茧、油茧发生率关系的研究

采用L9(34)正交设计,探讨蚕茧收烘环节的化蛹程度、冲击处理、干燥起始温度、干燥程度等4个因素及贮藏阶段对内印茧、油茧发生率的影响,并分析了这两类茧之间的相关性。结果表明,化蛹程度和冲击处理对内印茧的发生有极显著影响,且因素间交互作用极显著,即化蛹当天采、售茧再加上外力冲击,内印茧发生率可达100%;凡未化蛹者,内印茧率均较低。4个影响因素对油茧的产生也均具统计学意义,若化蛹当天遭遇外力冲击,干燥时低温进烘且升温速度慢,干燥程度10成或偏嫩均将导致油茧率居高。贮藏阶段对油茧发生率有极显著影响(t=5.89,p<0.000 1),且回归分析显示内印茧、油茧之间在发生程度与趋势上有明显的相关性。     

复方中药体外抗猪衣原体活性研究

应用微量Vero细胞培养法,检测复方中药的体外抗衣原体活性,为防治猪衣原体病提供依据。结果表明,复方中药的MIC值是39.06mg/mL,随着中药浓度升高,包涵体的体积缩小、数量减少,直至消失,对照组未见中药对Vero细胞有毒性作用。试验结果显示,复方中药体外对猪衣原体有抗菌活性。     

5种冷季型草坪草的耐热性研究

通过生化培养箱模拟北京地区的高温高湿环境,对高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea）、多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、匍匐剪股颖（Agrostis stolonifera）、草地早熟禾（Poa pratensis）和粗茎早熟禾(P.trivialis)这5种冷季型草坪草在热胁迫过程中的外观质量指标每株绿叶数、生长高度和生理生化指标叶片相对含水量、叶片相对电导率、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性进行分析。结果表明,在昼夜35 ℃/30 ℃的高温下,随着胁迫时间的延长,5种草坪草叶片相对含水量下降,叶片相对电导率上升。叶片叶绿素含量在高温环境中变化趋势不一致,高羊茅、多年生黑麦草、草地早熟禾的叶绿素含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,而匍匐剪股颖和粗茎早熟禾则呈现出持续下降的趋势。随着高温胁迫时间的延长,5种草坪草的SOD、POD活性呈先上升后下降的变化趋势。CAT活性下降,且随着时间的延长,POD和CAT活性下降的幅度增大。在高温胁迫过程中,5种草坪草每株绿叶数和植株生长高度降低。 通过聚类分析可将5种草坪草大致聚为3个耐热级别：1级（相对耐热）高羊茅;2级（中等耐热）草地早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、匍匐剪股颖;3级（相对敏感）粗茎早熟禾。     

Effects of Sini decoction on atherosclerosis and ceramide content of aorta in rabbits

AIM:To observe the effects of Sini decoction on atherosclerosis(AS) and ceramide content of aorta in rabbits. METHODS:28 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Control group was fed with a normal diet; High cholesterol group was fed 1% cholesterol and 5% fat diet; Sini decotion+ high cholesterol group was fed 1% cholesterol and 5% fat diet plus Sini decotion (4.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1). At the end of study, the plaque area were measured, the atorta ceramide and cell apoptosis were also detected. RESULTS:Sini decotion diminished lipid plaque area on the aortic endothelium, reduced the levels of aorta ceramide and the apoptosis index. CONCLUSION:Sini decoction has an inhibitory effect on AS, the mechanism may be that Sini decotion reduces concentration of ceramide in aorta.     

磷钾素处理对红葱生长和品质的影响

以1/2 Hoagland完全营养液配方为基本配方,研究了不同磷钾水平对红葱生长和品质的影响。结果表明：在相同磷浓度下,随着钾浓度升高,红葱单丛质量、单丛叶片数逐渐增加,单丛分蘖数、株高、假茎长和假茎粗有增大趋势|食用部分可溶性糖含量逐渐升高,叶片丙酮酸和大蒜素含量降低。磷浓度为0.25 mmol·L-1时,随着钾浓度升高,红葱食用部分VC含量逐渐增加,硝酸盐含量和可溶性蛋白含量均先增加后降低。P0.125K1.5处理红葱叶片和假茎总酚及总黄酮含量最高。     

氮、磷输入对黄河口潮滩湿地不同生境下碱蓬种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响

 ２０１０年１０－１１月,在人工气候箱控制条件下研究了不同氮（Ｎ）、磷（Ｐ）浓度对黄河口潮滩湿地不同生境条件下碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,中潮滩碱蓬（ＪＰ１）和低潮滩碱蓬（ＪＰ２）的出芽率均随盐分的升高而降低;相同盐分条件下ＪＰ１的出芽率均高于ＪＰ２,原因可能与二者生长节律有关;高盐分条件下,ＪＰ１和ＪＰ２种子的萌发率、根重比及根冠比均在高Ｎ 条件下取得最大值,分别为２０．６％和２．０％,０．０６和０．０７,０．１０和０．１１,说明高Ｎ 可缓解盐分胁迫对碱蓬的毒害作用。Ｐ对ＪＰ１、ＪＰ２ 种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响比较复杂。在无盐分胁迫下,Ｐ对二者根重比、茎重比、叶重比和根冠比的影响几乎无差别;在中等盐分胁迫下（３００ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）,不同Ｐ 浓度对二者幼苗生长的影响相近,均表现为中等Ｐ 浓度不利于根、茎生长,但有利于叶生长,且根冠比均在最大Ｐ 浓度（１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）时最大（０．１０,０．１８）;在高盐分胁迫下（６００ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）,ＪＰ１ 的根重比、根冠比随Ｐ 浓度的增加而升高,叶重比随Ｐ浓度的增加而降低,ＪＰ２的生长状况正好与之相反。总的来说,Ｎ、Ｐ 浓度对不同生境下碱蓬种子萌发及幼苗生长存在影响,且整体表现在高盐分胁迫条件下,高Ｎ 浓度或低Ｐ 浓度有助于二者种子萌发和幼苗生长。加之近年来黄河口营养盐呈增加趋势,且主要污染物为无机氮,Ｐ含量相对较低,由此可见黄河水的输入对黄河口潮滩碱蓬退化区的恢复具有有利的作用。     

Analysis on the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for two vegetation roofs during rainfall events

In order to understand the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for vegetation roofs during rainfall events, the evaluation criterion of vegetation roof performance is redefined and two vegetation roofs are established artificially based on the code for the design of roof greening, which is investigated during rainfall events. Results show that ophiopogon japonicus roof can delay the production of runoff by 25〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗48 min compared to the rain occurring and retention runoff volume by 40%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗58%, while sambucus dhinensis roof can make the generation of runoff 60〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗130 min later than the rain beginning and runoff volume retention can be as high as 54%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗80%. In addition to PO 3-4 P, the reduction of pollution load of NO -2 N, NH3 N, TP, COD, TN and NO -3 N by both vegetation roofs can reach 95.1%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗98.6%, 87.2%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗93%, 72.4%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗83%, 76%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗81.8%, 68.7%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗78.4% and 40.9%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗60.6% respectively. The level of pH, COD, NH3 N and TP in vegetation roofs runoff can meet class Ⅲ surface water standard. Meanwhile, both vegetation roofs have similar effect in neutralization acid deposition (i.e., from 5.8〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗6.0 (in rain water) to 7.0〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗7.6 (in eco roof runoff water)). Plants grown on vegetation roofs can influence the performance of vegetation roofs. Based on the results, ophiopogon japonicus has an advantage of sambucus chinensis in controlling phosphorus pollution, while sambucus chinensis manifests better in reducing nitrogen load. Vegetation roofs are becoming an important urban landscape more and more, and study results in this paper provide references for the improvement of vegetation roofs construction and more reasonable evaluation of their running performance.     

早实核桃不同品种抗旱性综合评价

以12 个早实核桃品种苗木为试材,采用自然干旱胁迫及复水的方法,测定了复水后各品种与抗旱性有关的生长指标、生理生化指标、光合指标及叶绿素荧光指标。对复水后各指标进行主成分分析,筛选出影响抗旱性的5 个主要指标,利用隶属函数对早实核桃品种的抗旱性进行了综合评价。结果表明：12 个早实核桃品种抗旱性强弱依次为：辽核1 号 > 中林5 号 > 新早丰 > 温185 > 鲁光 > 中林1 号 > 辽核4 号 > 扎343 > 强特勒 > 香玲 > 西林2 号 > 西扶1 号。此评价结果与大田试验结果基本一致。     

荔枝树体N素分布及累积特点

采用整株枝解法,在采果后把9a生成年妃子笑和黑叶、3a生幼年妃子笑荔枝的根、木质部、皮部、叶、复叶柄5个器官分成14～16个部位,测定各个部位各个器官的N含量。结果表明,1)N在不同器官和不同部位含量是不同的。N含量在叶片最高,在根颈、主茎木质部、主根含量较低;在同级枝根中,皮部N含量显著高于木质部;荔枝枝干和根系,随着其粗度增加,其N含量基本上呈下降趋势,但成年树下降幅度比幼年树的大。2)成龄妃子笑与黑叶各部位各器官N含量没有显著差异,但成年树叶、复叶柄、末级侧枝皮部、木质部N含量高于幼年树相应部位相应器官N含量。3)荔枝N素累积在叶片最多,其次为枝干,根系N累积量较少,末级侧枝N素累积量占整株树N素累积量50%以上。