新葵杂7号施肥试验

为了良种良法配套,2009年在新疆农业科学院安宁渠进行了新葵杂7号施肥试验。结果表明:种肥以三料磷肥、磷酸二铵等氮、磷化肥为主,苗期、蕾期以尿素、磷酸二铵等氮素化肥为好,其籽实产量、产油量最高。施用氮、磷化肥能显著提高油葵单位面积籽实和油脂产量;在氮、磷配合施肥中相对增施磷肥油葵籽实增产显著,同时籽实皮壳率也相应提高,要取得高产、高油的目的一定要注意氮、磷的配合比例。     

Detection of Drought-Related Loci in Rice at Reproductive Stage Using Selected Introgressed Lines

The present study was carried out to illustrate high-efficient detection of quantitative trait loci(QTLs)with selected introgression lines(ILs)and the existence of'hidden genes' conferring drought tolerance(DT).52 selected DT ILs,derived from BC2F2 population developed by crossing and backcrossing the susceptible recurrent parent(RP)IR64 with the susceptible donor Khazar were planted under irrigation and drought condition.Four important agronomic traits,e.g.,grain yield(GY),heading date(HD),panicle numbers per plant(PN),and plant height(PH)were evaluated and 83 SSR polymorphic molecular markers were used for genotypic analysis.Chi-square test based on genetic hitch-hiking and one-way analysis of variances(ANOVA)were used to detect drought-related loci.Nine and 36 loci were detected by chi-square test and one-way ANOVA,respectively.Five common loci were observed by comparing the results of the two methods,among which two QTLs linked with RM7,and RM241 were detected under irrigation condition,both of the favorable alleles were from RP and explained 13%phenotypic variation(PV)for GY and 28% PV for PH,respectively.The other three QTLs linked with RM163,RM18,and RM270 were detected under drought condition,the favorable alleles were all from the donor and explained 10,24,and 19% PV for HD,PH,and PH,respectively.Five common loci were observed by comparing the results of chi-square test and one-way ANOVA including two QTLs(one for GY and one for PH)under irrigation condition and three QTLs(one for HD and two for PH)under drought condition.By combining phenotypic and genotypic analysis,drought escape could be inferred as the main mechanism for drought tolerance in the present study.The results in present study suggested that the selected ILs population analyzed by chi-square test and one-way ANOVA was quite effective for DT QTL detection with low inputs and could also produce useful materials for breeding with wide genetic diversity for drought tolerance.     

黄芪和板蓝根超微粉的粒径观察及其抗鸡新城疫病毒效果

为探讨黄芪、板蓝根超微粉的抗病毒作用,应用激光粒度分析仪和扫描电镜观察了黄芪和板蓝根超微粉的粉体粒度及其破壁情况,通过鸡胚接种试验观察2种中草药超微粉对鸡新城疫病毒的抑制作用。结果表明:黄芪和板蓝根超微粉的粒度分布中心D_(50)分别为10.10μm和8.31μm;2种中草药超微粉的破壁情况良好,电镜下只能观察到不完整的细胞壁,为组织碎片。黄芪和板蓝根超微粉对新城疫病毒最小抑制剂量分别为1 562.5、781.2μg/m L,以板蓝根抗病毒效果较好。     

花吊丝竹ISSR反应体系的建立与优化

建立关于花吊丝竹的ISSR-PCR反应体系,为花吊丝竹种质资源鉴定提供理论基础。采用单因素试验法,对影响PCR扩增效果的Mg~(2+)浓度、d NTPs浓度、Taq DNA聚合酶用量、引物浓度及模板DNA用量等5个PCR反应体系主要成分以及退火温度和循环次数进行分析,并利用建立的优化反应体系和扩增程序对100条候选引物进行筛选。结果表明,适合花吊丝竹的ISSR-PCR反应体系为:20μL的反应液中含3.0 mmol/L Mg~(2+)、0.20 mmol/L d NTPs、1.25 U Taq DNA聚合酶、0.6μmol/L引物、10 ng模板DNA、2μL 10×Buffer、8.55μL dd H_2O。扩增程序为:94℃预变性5 min;94℃变性45 s,52.7℃退火30 s,72℃延伸90 s,40个循环;72℃延伸10 min,4℃保存。建立的花吊丝竹的ISSR-PCR反应体系能够扩增出清晰、多态性较高的条带,且筛选出的16条引物具有高度多态性。表明该体系具有较高的稳定性、重现性和适用性。     

利用外源钾通道基因改良水稻钾素营养

通过基因枪导入法,将外源钾通道基因 (KAT1和AKT1)导入水稻中花8号、中花9号、中花13以及8706中,获得了转基因植株,经分子检测,证实了钾通道基因在水稻基因组中的整合与表达。盆栽试验表明,转基因植株在低钾和高钾两种钾水平下其钾的累积能力都有明显提高。     

马铃薯不同杂交组合及后代淀粉品质性状的评价

以马铃薯品种大西洋和资源材料1533为母本配制的10个杂交组合无性二代为试验材料,对其淀粉粘度、糊化温度和峰值粘度温度性状进行评价。结果表明:以大西洋为母本配制的各杂交组合后代无性系个数在粘度高值端、糊化温度低值端及峰值粘度低值端所占比例较大。以1533为母本配制的各杂交组合后代无性系个数在粘度高值端占比例也较大、但在糊化温度低值端和峰值粘度低值端占比例很小。综合性状表现最好的是大西洋×东农308,该组合后代平均粘度为1 480 BU、平均糊化温度为67.7℃、平均峰值粘度温度为78.5℃,其次表现较好的组合是1533×D2和大西洋×D2。这3个组合是选育马铃薯淀粉加工专用型品种的优良群体材料。     

A model of necroptosis in human renal tubular epithelial cells

AIM:To make a model of necroptosis in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells. METHODS:To induce necroptosis, HK-2 cells were treated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) followed by ATP depletion, and benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (zVAD-fmk) was added to block the activity of caspase-8. The morphological changes of the cells were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope.The cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay, and the marker of necroptosis was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS:In the cells treated with TNF-α followed by zVAD-fmk and antimycin A for 1 h, the morphological changes including the cell and organelle inflation, and membrane fragmentation, with a large amount of autophagysome, were observed.However, these abnormalities were markedly attenuated after treatment with Nec-1. Meanwhile, the cell viability was also significantly improved after using Nec-1. No similar variation was observed in other groups. In addition, the expression of LC3-II was significantly decreased in Nec-1+TNF-α+zVAD-fmk+ antimycin A (1 h) group compared with control group. CONCLUSION: TNF-α stimulation and energy depletion induce necroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells.Nec-1 inhibits necroptosis in a caspase-independent pathway, and may have therapeutic potential to prevent and treat renal ischemia injury.     

表达牛乳铁蛋白肽的重组鸡源乳酸杆菌抗IBDV感染的研究

为探究表达牛乳铁蛋白肽的重组鸡源乳酸杆菌pPG-XLFEC/M11对雏鸡抵抗传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)感染的作用,本研究利用IBDVCEF94株感染DF-1细胞,通过CCK-8法检测病毒感染后的细胞活性,利用qRT-PCR检测病毒载量,结果显示重组乳酸菌表达的牛乳铁蛋白肽可以抑制IBDV在DF-1细胞内的增殖;以重组乳酸菌pPG-XLFEC/M11饲喂雏鸡,利用IBDV强毒UK661株进行攻毒实验,结果显示饲喂重组菌的雏鸡相比于对照组,IBDV的感染对其组织器官的损伤较小,总免疫球蛋白IgG和SIgA含量增加,细胞因子IL-6、IL-8、TNF-琢和IFN-酌以及TLR2的mRNA转录水平均显著升高,且提高了雏鸡的存活率。本实验结果表明,重组鸡源乳酸杆菌表达的牛乳铁蛋白肽可以增强机体的免疫应答水平,对雏鸡具有一定的抗IBDV感染的作用。本研究为表达牛乳铁蛋白肽的重组鸡源乳酸杆菌在生产中的应用以及为禽类疾病的预防奠定基础。     

70℃干热处理德兰臭草种子内生真菌的研究

为了更好地研究内生真菌与德兰臭草（Melica transsilvanica）的互作关系,需获得内生真菌种群已失活的德兰臭草种子。本试验采用70℃干热的方法对德兰臭草带菌种子分别处理5 d,10 d,15 d,20 d,25 d和30 d,以不作处理的种子为对照,通过测定各处理后种子的萌发指标、生长指标和植株内生真菌数量等综合评价内生真菌的灭活效果。结果表明,70℃干热处理能有效杀灭德兰臭草种子中的内生真菌;70℃处理5 d后,与对照相比,宿主染菌率下降为50%;处理25 d时,种子和植株中均未分离出内生真菌。同时,70℃处理25 d时,种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、植株鲜重和胚根、胚芽长度以及植株株高、叶片数、分蘖数、叶宽和茎粗与对照相比均没有显著影响。值得一提的是,70℃干热处理种子可促进植株须根数的增多和根长的增加。综合比较得出,70℃干热处理25 d能使德兰臭草种子中全部内生真菌失活,是一种简单、方便、可行的方法。     

突尼斯软籽石榴果实生长发育及其品质形成规律研究

[目的]明确河南省荥阳丘陵山地主栽石榴品种突尼斯软籽石榴的品质形成关键时期,确定采收成熟度的判断指标.[方法]挑选花期基本一致的筒状花进行标记,幼果期开始定期测定所选样品的纵、横径,采集样本带回实验室测定其品质相关指标及对籽粒的偏好性,并对各指标进行主成分分析和相关分析.[结果]果实纵横径均呈现双"S"形的变化趋势;果...