《工程索道》国家级精品课程建设

简介福建农林大学《工程索道》课程历史沿革,重点阐述《工程索道》在建设成为国家级精品课程中取得的成果。福建农林大学《工程索道》课程具有完整的理论与实践教学体系、丰硕的自主创新成果、独具特色与创新的实验室建设、丰富新颖的网络教学资源、显著的工程应用和示范辐射作用等。     

我国马铃薯价格波动规律研究--基于X-12和H-P滤波法的实证分析

马铃薯作为重要的农产品之一,其价格波动受多种因素影响。本文采用X-12模型和H-P滤波法,选取2005年1月至2015年12月全国农产品批发市场价格的月度数据,将其波动分解为季节性、周期性、趋势性和不规则性波动4种类型。结果显示,马铃薯生产的季节性是价格季节性波动的主要原因;成本上升及消费量增加推动价格趋势性上涨但总体趋于平缓;马铃薯价格呈明显的周期性波动,平均周期约为47个月;天气变化、市场突发事件等是价格不规则性波动的主要影响因素。对此,需扎实推进马铃薯生产稳定发展、健全全产业链信息分析预警机制、完善马铃薯价格保险制度,并推进马铃薯一二三产业融合发展,确保薯农收益稳定增长和市场供需基本平衡,促进市场平稳运行。     

Infection of human enterovirus 71 in immunosuppressed rhesus monkeys

AIM: To investigate the infection process of human enterovirus 71 (EV71) in a rhesus monkey model of immunosuppression.METHODS: The monkey immunosuppression model was established by oral administration of cyclosporin A at a daily dose of 15 mg/kg for 7 days. Fourteen days after inoculation of EV71 FY23 strain via respiratory and digestive tracts, the infectious monkeys were sacrificed, and then the pathological changes of systemic organs were observed and the viral analysis in different tissues was performed.RESULTS: Compared with the experimental group without cyclosporin A, more positive results were observed in the immunosuppressed monkeys, such as more severe clinical symptoms, higher viral load/antigen expression and more pathological changes in the organs.CONCLUSION: The findings of the viral multiplication in the host provide evidence for evaluation of EV71 vaccine, and also indicate the delimitation for the population using EV71 vaccine in future.     

历史和逻辑的双重缺失——巴赫金狂欢理论批判

巴赫金的狂欢理论是一个建构在扭曲的史实性描述基础上的理论大厦，其一系列重大的文化史结论如“两种生活和思维体系”、“狂欢节世界观”和“大型对话的开放性结构”等，都是建构在虚幻的史实性描述之上的理论想象。这种想象极大地歪曲了狂欢节的真实面貌和文化功能，虚构了狂欢节与官方文化宗教文化之间的文化冲突和价值对抗，在历史和逻辑双重意义上，都有着根本性缺失，是一个体系性的文化史虚构。     

Development of IP and SCAR markers linked to the yellow seed color gene in Brassica juncea L.

Previous studies showed that the yellow seed color gene of a yellow mustard was located on the A09 chromosome. In this study, the sequences of the molecular markers linked to the yellow seed color gene were analyzed, the gene was primarily mapped to an interval of 23.304 to 29.402M. Twenty genes and eight markers’ sequences in this region were selected to design the IP and SCAR primers. These primers were used to screen a BC₈S₁ population consisting of 1256 individuals. As a result, five IP and five SCAR markers were successfully developed. IP4 and Y1 were located on either side of the yellow seed color gene at a distance of 0.1 and 0.3 cM, respectively. IP1, IP2 and IP3 derived from Bra036827, Bra036828, Bra036829 separately, co-segregated with the target gene. BLAST analysis indicated that the sequences of newly developed markers showed good collinearity with those of the A09 chromosome, and that the target gene might exist between 27.079 and 27.616M. In light of annotations of the genes in this region, only Bra036828 is associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. This gene has high similarity with the TRANSPARENT TESTA6 gene, Bra036828 was hence identified as being the gene possibly responsible for yellow seed color, in our research.     

叶面肥对设施内葡萄生长发育的影响

本文以东北地区设施内主栽的3个葡萄品种为试材,研究了叶面肥对葡萄生长发育的影响。结果表明:叶面肥不同程度上提高了叶片叶绿素相对含量、叶片干物质量和比叶重,促进了枝条成熟、果实发育和果实品质的提高。     

Effects of Addition of Three Types of Biochar on the Soil Nitrogen Balance and Cotton Yield

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of biochar addition on the soil N balance and cotton yield in a drip-irrigated cotton field. The experiment included four soil amendments: control, cotton straw biochar, corn cob biochar, and poultry manure biochar. The biochar was applied at a rate of 4.5 t·hm^－2 except control. The results showed that all three types of biochar significantly reduced both the apparent soil N loss and the N surplus. The effect of cotton straw biochar treatment was most significant, relative to the control. Plant nitrogen uptake differed significantly between the different treatments, decreasing in the order cotton straw biochar > poultry manure biochar > corn cob biochar. Cotton yield also differed significantly between the different treatments, decreasing in the order poultry manure biochar > corn cob biochar, and cotton straw biochar.     

中国饲料粮消费问题探析

为了准确分析中国当前饲料粮供需情况及影响因素,首先通过供给法计算出1984—2013年的狭义饲料粮可供给数据,其次通过需求法计算中国饲料粮消费数据。推算得出饲料粮供需数据虽有差距但都呈增长趋势。中国粮食政策加剧了饲料粮供需失衡状况。因此提出相应政策建议:一是适当增加肉类产品进口并严厉打击走私;二是粮食政策在确保主粮(大米和小麦)基本自给基础上,适度进口饲料粮(主要是玉米),并在海关政策制订上将精饲料原料通盘考虑,制订考虑替代品如大麦、高粱、DDGS等在内的一揽子关税与配额政策。     

我国马铃薯主产区病毒病发生情况调查

为了解我国马铃薯病毒病发生情况,在马铃薯主产区黑龙江、内蒙古、甘肃、云南等马铃薯田采集了具有典型病毒病症状的样品、疑似样品和随机无症样品,试管苗和原原种为随机样品,共649份。应用DASELISA方法筛查6种马铃薯主要病毒:PVX、PVY、PVS、PLRV、PVM和PVA。结果表明:129份样品为阳性,PVY的检出率最高,为9.86%,PVS次之,为6.47%;试管苗PVS检出最多,为32份,原原种PVX检出最多,为10份,大田样品PVY病毒发生比例最高,为54份;有38份样品是由多种病毒复合侵染造成的,大田PVY+PVS复合侵染率最高,为2.93%,PVS+PVY+PLRV次之,为0.98%,试管苗PVS+PVM复合侵染率最高,为4.85%。通过历年的检测结果比较,试管苗中PVS病毒检出率最高,原原种中PVX和PLRV病毒成为危害最为严重的病害,大田样品中PVY检出率一直居高不下。     

早熟禾新品种农菁15的选育

为选育高产优质饲用和坪用草品种,将早熟禾优异风干种子经50Gy60 Co-γ射线辐射处理后,通过田间系统选择,结合生物产量、返青率、营养品质、抗病性及坪用性能等指标的检测,选育出农菁15早熟禾;该品种抗寒、耐盐碱、抗病性强、适应性广、饲用价值较高;与对照优异相比,具有青绿期长、草产量高、种子产量高等优点;在黑龙江高寒地区平均干草产量达3 832.6kg·hm-2,成熟期平均种子产量达510.2kg·hm-2;适宜在黑龙江全省推广种植。