Preliminary study of patients with chronic mountain sickness by GC-TOF-MS based serum metabolomics analysis

AIM: To evaluate specific metabolomics profiles in the serum of patients with chronic mountain sickness (CMS) and to explore the potential metabolic biomarkers in the native Tibetans living on the Qinghai-Tibet Pla-teau.METHODS: A gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) approach as a metabolomics technique was used to evaluate metabolic differences. The native Tibetan CMS patients (n=10) and healthy Tibetan controls (n=10) were enrolled from YuShu in Qinghai province in this study. The serum samples were collected and analyzed by GC-TOF-MS coupled with a series of multivariate statistical analyses such as principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).RESULTS: The intergroup differences between CMS patients and control subjects have been observed. A list of differential metabolites and several top altered metabolic pathways have been identified. The levels of fumaric acid, an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and inosine were highly upregulated in the CMS patients, suggesting a greater effort to hypoxic adaptation in high elevation area. Other differential metabolites, such as methyl phosphate, 2-ketoadipate, lyxose and phytanic acid were also identified. Importantly, the differential metabolites possessed higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) values, indicating an excellent clinical ability for the prediction of CMS. Increased levels of amino acids (isoleucine, glycine, serine, L-cysteine, citrulline and trimethyllysine) were detected in CMS group, yet significantly decreased levels of sulfuric acid, oxamic acid, lyxose and glutamine were also detected in CMS group than those in control group. At the same time, the levels of ribose and glucose-1-phosphate were markedly elevated in CMS group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The metabolic activities are significantly altered in the serum of CMS patients. High altitude hypoxia may act on the disturbed glucose metabolism and amino acid metabolism in part of the Tibetan triggered by CMS.     

轮盘式液态肥穴播深施机设计与试验研究

液态肥穴播深施是利用高压液柱冲击土壤,通过精确控制流体喷射进行肥料定向深施的一种农机农艺新方法。为此,设计并研制了一种轮盘式液态肥穴播深施机,并通过土槽试验研究了液态肥穴播深施的可行性、成穴的基本规律及合适的工作参数范围。设计的开穴施肥轮上分布着多个导流开穴器,当导流开穴器插入土壤后,端面凸轮控制其开启,经过增压的高压液态肥沿导流开穴器射入土壤,解决了液态肥施肥过程中作业速度低、喷肥孔易堵塞及施肥量调节复杂等问题。研制了施肥机工作参数的试验测试系统,通过正交试验确定了其工作压力、流量和转速的最佳参数。试验表明:当压力取0.3MPa、节流阀开度为50%、转速为30r/min(对应机具速度0.86m/s)时,施肥量可满足设计要求。田间试验表明:轮盘式液态肥穴播深施机对覆膜、秸秆覆盖地、免耕地等作业环境有很强的适应性,比普通喷洒施肥节约肥料42%、提高作业效率30%以上。本研究为液态肥的深施肥作业机具研究和田间追肥农艺改进提供了参考。     

Impact of vegetation restoration on soil organic carbon stocks and aggregates in a karst rocky desertification area in Southwest China

Journal of Soils and Sediments - The objectives of the study were as follows: (a) to determine the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions to vegetation restoration; (b) to examine the...     

黄杨叶色特性初步研究

通过对3个黄杨品种(大叶黄杨、金心黄杨、金边黄杨)的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花色苷进行测定和分析,认为金心黄杨和金边黄杨的黄色部分不是由类胡萝卜素的绝对含量增加或类胡萝卜素与叶绿素比值的提高形成的,而是由于黄色部分总色素特别是叶绿素含量降低而造成的。     

不同寄主尖孢镰刀菌培养滤液对黄瓜胚根萌发的影响

对不同寄主尖孢镰刀菌培养滤液对黄瓜胚根萌发进行了测定,结果表明,番茄(179,F-F.1.5-031017,番茄,福州福清)上分离的尖孢镰刀菌的发酵液处理的黄瓜种子的胚根重量最低,平均重量为85.00mg/10粒,黄瓜(120,F-H.6.5-030318-J4,黄瓜,漳州诏安)上分离的尖孢镰刀菌发酵液处理的黄瓜种子的胚根重量最高,平均为183.33mg/10粒。不同寄主发酵滤液对黄瓜胚根重量的影响大致可以分为3类:第一类为甜瓜(128,F-T.1.7-030514-03,甜瓜,福州永泰)、番茄(179,F-F.1.5-031017,福州福清)和班兜(107,F-B.1.1-030221,福州建新),第二类为西瓜(134,F-X.1.7-030320-03,西瓜,福州永泰)和网纹甜瓜(144,F-T2.1.1-030616-01,网纹甜瓜,福州义序),第三类为黄瓜(120,F-H.6.5-030318-J4,黄瓜,漳州诏安)。     

利用药用植物控制草莓再植病害的初步研究

采用几种复配药用植物对草莓再植病害的防治进行了研究,本试验分别用T12、T14、T15和F10四组复配材料处理土壤,另设溴甲烷(MB)熏蒸对照和重茬空白对照,进行2年的保护地试验,调查了四组复配药用植物材料对草莓根部生长活力(RLD值)、根部受侵染的程度和产量的影响。结果表明:T15和T12在产果初期和中期均表现出较好的促进根系生长和抑制病原菌的作用。2004年和2005年T15和T12处理小区的草莓产量分别达到溴甲烷处理小区草莓产量的92%,84%和89%,78%。T14和F10处理在2年试验中虽然也表现出一定的抑菌和减少产量损失的作用,但是作用结果不如T15和T12表现稳定。     

GB11894-89测定水质总氮影响因素分析

在利用<水质总氮的测定碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法>(GB11894-89)测定水质总氮过程中,经常出现标准曲线线性较差,空白值偏高等影响试验准确性的问题.本研究运用控制变量法的基本原理,以不同药品、消解时间和消解温度为研究对象进行验证试验,寻求最优化的试验条件组合.通过试验发现,过硫酸钾、氢氧化钠的纯度是影响测定准确性的最重要因素,其中分析纯AR级的过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)经纯化处理可以降低空白值;消解时间的延长和消解温度增加对提高实验准确性的影响不显著.     

利用SERS表面增强拉曼光谱技术对维生素M在银胶颗粒表面吸附行为的研究

利用傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼光谱(FT-SERS)研究了维生素M(Vm)在银溶胶体系中吸附状态和相互作用的特性, 并结合pH值变化探讨了Vm吸附作用特点. 实验结果表明, Vm是通过羧基中的一个氧原子和氨基氮原子与银原子配位实现的, 以羧基在银表面的化学吸附模式为主.     

超声提取天麻中天麻素优化工艺研究

[目的]探索超声波提取天麻中天麻素的最佳工艺。[方法]以天麻素含量为指标,通过L9（34）正交试验对天麻素的提取工艺进行优选。[结果]天麻素的标准曲线回归方程为：Y=14.549X＋21.925,R2=0.999 8。在0.053 5-2.140 0μg范围内,天麻素的进样量与峰面积呈良好线性关系。甲醇体积分数在70%以下时,随着甲醇浓度的增加,天麻素的提取率逐渐增加;甲醇体积分数超过80%时,天麻素的提取率下降。超声波功率低于350 W时,随着超声波功率的增加提取率增大;功率超过350 W时,提取率降低。超声提取5-30 m in时,提取率逐渐增加;超声提取30-40 m in时,提取率减少。溶剂体积为50 m l时提取率最高。[结论]提取天麻中天麻素的最佳条件为：甲醇体积分数为70%、溶剂体积为50 m l、超声功率为300 W、超声提取温度为55℃、超声时间为30 m in。