CALIS成员馆中文图书联机编目程序的质量控制

文章认为CALIS联机合作编目中心对书目数据实行质量控制固然重要，但各成员馆对本馆联机编目的程序进行有效的控制，对于减少或杜绝书目数据整体质量问题更具有积极的意义，据此，阐述了如何对联机编目的各个程序实行有效控制。     

二氧化氯对机械损伤苹果的防腐保鲜效果

【目的】研究在冷藏条件下二氧化氯(ClO2)处理对受损伤苹果果实的防腐保鲜效果。【方法】以采后受损伤的"红富士"苹果为试材,对果实进行压伤、果柄戳伤模拟处理,对压伤果和果柄戳伤果均用50 mg/L ClO2溶液浸泡20 min(分别记为处理A和处理B),以用蒸馏水浸泡20 min的健全果、压伤果和果柄戳伤果作为对照(分别记为CK、CKA、CKB),比较处理和对照果的呼吸速率、乙烯释放速率、失重率和腐烂指数。【结果】CKA和CKB的呼吸速率、乙烯释放速率、失重率和腐烂指数均高于CK,但处理A、处理B果实的上述指标均低于CKA和CKB,其中处理A和处理B果实只有腐烂指数低于CK,其他3个指标均高于CK。【结论】ClO2处理对机械损伤果具有明显的防腐保鲜效果,可有效延长贮藏期。     

The effect and mechanism of H. polygyrus infection in T-cell-mediated inflammatory bowel disease in mice

AIM: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Heligmosomoides polygyrus (H. polygyrus) infection in mouse inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mediated by CD4⁺ helper T-cells. METHODS: Ovalbumin (OVA) -specific CD4⁺ helper T-cells were transferred into SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice to establish an IBD model. The IBD mice were infected by H. polygyrus and sacrificed 14 days later. The histological changes of the colon were observed, and the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in mesenteric lymph nodes was detected by ELISA and flow cytometry. Additionally, IL-4 monoclonal antibody was intraperitoneally injected into the H. polygyrus-infected IBD mice to block the secretion of IL-4. The IL-4-blocking IBD mice were sacrificed 9 days later and the above indexes were also determined.RESULTS: Compared with the non-infection group, the H. polygyrus-infected IBD mice had more severe colonic lesions, higher level of IL-4 and lower level of IFN-γ in mesenteric lymph nodes (all P<0.05). Compared with the non-blocking group, the H. polygyrus-infected IBD mice with IL-4 blockage had less colonic lesions, lower IL-4 level and higher IFN-γ level (all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: H. polygyrus infection in CD4⁺ T-cell-mediated IBD model promotes inflammation in the early stage probably by inducing the secretion of Th2 cytokine and inhibiting the secretion of Th1 cytokine. The finding suggests that using worms for treatment of IBD needs to be cautious.     

Effects of baicalin on serum levels of IL-6 and IL-4 in mouse periodontitis

AIM: To investigate the effect of baicalin on experimental periodontitis in mouse model by comparing the histological changes in periodontal tissues and serum levels of inter leukin(IL)-6/IL-4 in mice, and to analyze the role of baicalin in immune regulation and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. METHODS: Twenty-seven male Kunming mice (SPF grade, 12-week-old) were randomly divided into 3 groups. The naive mice were used in normal control group. In experimental periodontitis group, the periodontitis model was produced by ligature of braided silk around the first maxillary molar and inoculation with putative periodontopathic bacteria. Five weeks after the ligature, the mice were fed with 10% glucose, and gavaged with distilled water. In baicalin treatment+periodontitis group, the periodontitis model was induced as above, then gavaged with baicalin at the beginning of the fifth week after the ligature. The mice were sacrificed at week 4, 6 and 8. The histological changes of the periodontal tissues were observed under microscope with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The serum level of IL-6 and IL-4 in the mice were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: The periodontal tissues showed moderate inflammatory damages in experimental periodontitis group. The periodontal destruction was significantly reduced in baicalin treatment+periodontitis group. The serum level of IL-6 in experimental periodontitis group was significantly higher than that in control group and baicalin treatment+periodontitis group (P<0.01), and the serum level of IL-6 in baicalin treatment+periodontitis group was significantly lower than that in periodontitis group at week 6 and 8 (P<0.01). The serum level of IL-4 in periodontitis group was significantly lower than that in control and baicalin treatment+periodontitis group (P<0.01). The serum level of IL-4 in baicalin treatment+periodontitis group was significantly higher than that in periodontitis group at weeks 6 and 8 (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The pathogenesis of periodontitis is closely related to the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines, characterized by increased serum level of IL-6 and the decreased serum level of IL-4. Baicalin plays a significant role in treating mouse periodontitis by decreasing the serum level of IL-6 and increasing the serum level of IL-4.     

高效液相色谱法测定食用菌中福美双残留量

建立食用菌中福美双残留量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法.新鲜食用菌子实体样品粉碎后经二氯甲烷超声(53 Hz)提取20 min,离心(3320 g、5 min),二氯甲烷经氮气吹干,甲醇定容后用HPLC测定.以等体积甲醇和0.1％甲酸水溶液为流动相,1 mL/min等度洗脱,在0.05～10 μg/mL范围内,福美双的峰面积与其浓度呈线性相关,R≥0.999,方法检出限为0.02 mg/kg,添加回收率为79.4％～90.2％,变异系数为1.15％～7.51％％.     

漂浮育苗不同基质配比对除虫菊苗素质的影响

利用烤烟小拱棚进行除虫菊漂浮育苗试验,以草炭、腐殖土、膨化珍诛岩和蛭石等为原料,采用不同配比的除虫菊漂浮育苗基质为试验因子,从出苗率、成活率、分蘖率和除虫菊的主要农艺性状、干物质积累量、黄叶数等方面进行探讨研究。结果表明,基质配方D（40％草炭＋50％腐殖土＋20％膨化珍珠岩＋10％蛭石）培育出来的除虫菊苗,出苗率、成活率和分蘖率高,干物质积累量多,根系发达,叶片和株高适中,因此除虫菊苗的综合素质最好。     

甜瓜株型性状的遗传分析

为了明确了甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)主要株型性状的遗传模型与基因的作用方式,并估测了主基因遗传效应与遗传力,本研究以网纹甜瓜RE-19(Cucumis melo var.cantalupensis Naudin)和哈密瓜AM-5(Cucumis melo var.ameri Pangalo)为亲本,构建4世代群体(P1、P2、F1和F2),对甜瓜4个株型性状采用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析法进行了遗传分析。结果表明,节间长和侧枝长遗传符合E-2模型,即两对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型,主茎直径遗传符合E-1模型,即两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因遗传模型,叶面积遗传符合C-0模型,即加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型。节间长、侧枝长和主茎直径的主基因遗传率分别为75.03%、54.86%和42.83%。节间长、侧枝长、主茎直径和叶面积的多基因遗传率分别为2.68%、6.41%、2.1%和55.47%。4个性状遗传变异平均值分别占其表型变异的77.68%、61.06%、50.25%和55.47%,表明甜瓜株型相关的4个性状主要受遗传因子控制,且甜瓜节间长与侧枝长主基因遗传力较高,主茎直径主基因遗传力较低,而叶面积受多基因控制,无主效基因。因此,在甜瓜株型育种中,在早期世代进行节间长与侧枝长的选择是有效的,而对主茎直径和叶面积的选择,宜在高代进行选择。本研究为甜瓜的株型改良育种提供了理论基础。     

烟叶中含氮化合物氮素来源与肥料氮素形态的关系

氮素是影响烟株生长和发育以及烟叶质量的最重要的元素[1].烟叶内的烟碱、醚提物和蛋白质含量及它们之间的比例是影响烟叶内在质量的关键因素.这些化合物的含量与施氮量及施用肥料种类密切相关[2-4].在烟草生产中往往通过减少施氮量或后期终止供氮来控制烟叶含氮量,但效果不佳[5].上部叶烟碱含量高,工业可用性差,造成库存积压严重的问题依然存在.为了探讨烟株后期供氮与氮素来源之间的关系,利用15N-KNO3同位素标记对烟草吸收的氮素和含氮化合物中氮素的来源进行了研究,为合理施用肥料,降低上部叶烟碱含量,提供理论依据.     

T-DNA标签法在水稻功能基因组研究中的应用

农杆菌介导的T-DNA标签法是近年发展的一种有效的分子生物学技术.综述了T-DNA标签法的特点及其在水稻功能基因组研究中应用的进展.     

以大学为依托的农业科技推广新模式分析——“科技小院”的调查与思考

分析了“科技小院”的形成背景,指出中国农业大学“科技小院”作为一种高校农技推广体系,一是把科学研究、示范推广和人才培养的平台直接延伸到“三农”一线,实现了科学研究与生产应用、理论与实践、人才培养与社会服务等的紧密结合;二是坚持“实”和“思”结合.踏实深入生产一线,在生产一线做科学研究、做服务同时又心系“三农”.将服务“三农”与农业科学研究、人才培养和农村文化建设四者有机结合,有效促进了高校农技推广体系建设.