杨树新品种中菏1号无性系选育研究

引进８个黑杨无性系,以中林４６为对照,进行苗期和造林试验。经过多点造林测试,选出中菏１号杨树新品种,其中胸径生长量比对照提高１５％,高生长量与对照基本相当,材积生长量对照提高３０．６％,且具有生长期长、粗生长量大、干形好、抗逆性强等特点,有较高的推广应用价值。     

Variance of common flavonoids by brand of grapefruit juice

Nine commercial brands of grapefruit juice were analyzed for their flavonoid content by HPLC to determine if significant brand-to-brand variance in grapefruit juice flavonoid content exists. Flavonoid glycosides narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, didymin, and poncirin have been identified in all the grapefruit juices examined. The aglycone quercetin was detected in only two brands. All the juices were free from methoxylated flavonoid aglycones. There was a significant difference in the amounts of total flavonoids and individual flavonoids in the nine brands. The concentration of total flavonoids ranged between 19.44 and 84.28 mg/100 ml juice. Naringin was found to be the major flavonoid followed by narirutin and hesperidin. Their concentrations ranged from 14.56 to 63.8; 2.25 to 12.20; and 0.24 to 3.12 mg/100 ml juice, respectively.     

兴办“森林医院”产业的建议

森林中富足的负氧离子(O3-)和芬多精具有治疗多种疾病的功能,还有其丰富的绿色食品和山泉水也有治病强身功效。因此,兴办森林医院可以以纯自然物质治病,具有不吃药、不打针、无痛苦、效果好的特点。黑龙江省森工林区具备自然环境优越、交通条件便利、旅游业发达、院址选定有基础等优越的办院条件,兴办森林医院的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益前景可观。     

数字图像相关技术及其在木材科学研究中的应用

数字图像相关方法(DIC)作为一种先进的光学形变(位移和应变)检测方法, 已逐渐成为木材科学领域中一种重要的测试手段。文中概括了DIC的特点与基本原理; 综述了其在木材科学领域中的应用, 主要包括力学性能检测、木材干燥形变测量及其他木质基材料等的相关性能研究; 最后, 对其在木材科学领域研究中遇到的机遇与挑战进行了展望。     

Expression of a scorpion toxin gene <Emphasis Type="Italic">BmKit</Emphasis> enhances the virulence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lecanicillium lecanii</Emphasis> against aphids

Lecanicillium lecanii has been developed as biopesticides and widely used in the biological control of several insects in agricultural practice. However, the poor efficacy has blocked its application. The genetic manipulation has been proved as a useful tool to improve the virulence of entomopathogenic fungus. In this study, a scorpion toxin gene (BmKit) from Buthus martensi was cloned and transferred into L. lecanii and then its resulting activity against cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii) was assessed. The results showed that the engineered strain BmKit-12 grew significantly quicker than WT in host insects. The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) for BmKit-12 was 7.1-fold lower than that for WT, and the median survival time (LT₅₀) for BmKit-12 was reduced by 26.5 % compared with that for WT. Although the conidial yield was reduced by 31.4 % on insect cadavers, the mycelia growth, sporulation, and conidia germination of BmKit-12 on plates were not significantly different from WT. Considering the lower amount of mycelia for BmKit-12 in host insects in late growth stage (fungal sporulation stage), we think the expression of BmKit may not affect the capability of sporulation. In conclusion, the expression of BmKit gene can significantly enhance the pathogenicity of L. lecanii against cotton aphids in a relatively cost-effective way.     

Supercritical extracts of forest fuels in Great Xing’an Mountains

Extracts are important components of fuels.Fatty-extracts with high heating value(HV) are hypothesized by researchers as positively related to the HV of fuels.The Soxhlet extractor is typically used to extract fatty-extracts but it has shortcomings,including long processing time(8–10 h) and the requirement for large amounts of organic solvent.Supercritical extraction is an alternate and useful technique for extraction of natural products.However,published studies rarely discuss the relationship between extracts and HV.In this study,we assessed the supercritical extracts(Su E) of forest fuels in the Great Xing'an Mountains.Our results indicated that the optimum conditions for extraction of Su Es were40–60 mesh,40–50 MPa,45 °C,80 min and a CO_2 flow rate of 1.5–2.0 dm~3/min.The Soxhlet extracts contents and the Su E contents were all related to HV.However,R~2 of the coniferous samples(0.8499) and needle samples(0.9722) demonstrated that the correlation between HV and the Su E content was closer.We conclude that supercritical fatty-extracts provide a useful index of the HV of fuels,especially coniferous fuels.Su E data can be used in fire management,for example to estimate the rate of fire spread or fire intensity.     

七叶树种子级别与种子活力及苗木品质的相关性研究

以七叶树种子为实验材料，并分级别绘制了种子的吸水曲线、测定了种子活力指数；同时，把种子按不同级别温室播种，分别测定其幼苗的苗高、地径、水势及电导率并作相关性分析。结果表明，种子级别与种子活力有相关性，中粒种子活力最强，小粒种子活力最弱；种子级别与苗木品质也有极显著的相关性，大粒种子萌发苗品质最好，小粒种子萌发苗品质最差。     

室内水培对常春藤某些形态和光合作用的影响

研究了室内水培对常春藤扦插苗某些形态和光合作用的影响,找出了常春藤水培适宜的IBA处理浓度和营养液浓度.结果表明：以500mg/L浓度的IBA和营养液2中培养的长春藤,生长旺盛,且生根量多,生根率高,根长且粗壮.在室内,不同浓度营养液和IBA处理条件下,一天中净光合速率日变化均为双峰型曲线,且均以500mg/L的IBA和营养液2的峰值最高,中间有“午休现象”.