乐昌杉木林不同强度间伐试验初步研究

对1994年在广东乐昌营造的杉木林于2003年开始间伐试验研究,从2004年起进行了5 a的连续调查,并对间伐的成本与收益进行了分析。结果表明：（1）间伐对杉木的树高年生长影响不大,但对胸径与材积的年生长量影响十分显著,且以30%间伐强度的促进作用最为明显;（2）间伐成本随着间伐强度的加大而加大,但间伐收益也会增加。总的来说,在乐昌杉木林以30%间伐强度最为适宜。     

土壤-水稻体系中的重金属污染及其控制

综述了土壤-水稻体系中重金属污染的现状及其来源、特点,分析了重金属污染对作物自身以及对人体可能的危害,探讨了减少土壤-水稻体系重金属污染的途径与措施。提出：水稻在有毒重金属的吸收和积累上存在着显著的基因型差异,筛选和培育籽粒有毒重金属积累低的品种,是在轻、中度重金属污染土壤上持续生产安全稻米的一条经济、有效的途径。     

不同收晾方式对马里兰烟品质的影响

为提高马里兰烟的品质,采用3种不同的收晾方式(全剥叶划筋晾制,全剥叶不划筋晾制,半整株晾制)处理马里兰烟后测定其理化性质和感官品质。结果表明:马里兰烟中上部叶的质量受收晾方式影响较大;产值表现为全剥叶不划筋晾制全剥叶划筋晾制半整株晾制;全剥叶不划筋晾制烟叶的内在化学成分较协调、评吸质量较好;半整株晾制烟叶的化学成分及评吸质量次之,但其TSNAs总量及其NNK含量低;全剥叶划筋最差。因此,采用全剥叶不划筋和半整株砍收相结合的收晾方式,提高马里兰烟的品质。     

烟草自毒效应的品种间差异研究(英文)

利用生物测试法研究8个烟草品种(系)根系分泌物的自毒效应。结果表明:大多数供试烟草品种的幼苗鲜质量、干质量、最大叶片长和根长随着根系分泌物浓度的升高而减少,且品种间差异明显,其中黔西1号在稀释1倍的水平下,以上生长指标抑制率分别为63.3%、34.3%、42.4%和30.8%,居各品种之首;但新品系1号表现为以上生长参数均随着提取液浓度的升高而增大,在稀释1倍水平下生长促进率分别为13.0%、51.8%、13.0%和16.7%;此外,新品系7号、1号和品种云烟85和春雷3号的发芽率受根系分泌物的促进,而其他品种则受抑制;生物测试结果显示,在供试的8个品种中,自毒作用以新品系1号最弱,黔西1号最强。可见,自毒作用在烟草品种间差异明显,栽培上应选择适宜的烟草品种以减少自毒作用引起的连作障碍。     

五图河农场利民盐场复垦区水稻栽培技术

介绍了五图河农场利民盐场土地复垦区水稻栽培技术,主要包括培育耐盐壮秧、适时整地栽插、大田肥水管理、病虫草害防冶等内容,以期为该技术的推广运用提供参考。     

影响秭归脐橙销售的主要原因及应对策略

随着全国脐橙种植规模的不断扩大，湖北秭归脐橙销售受到强力打压，且愈演愈烈。笔者在对市场、经销商、桔农等相关对象进行广泛调查研究的基础上，基本弄清了影响秭归脐橙销售的原因，并在此基础上提出了行之有效的应对策略，以期促进秭归脐橙销售，推动秭归脐橙产业高效持续发展。     

Effect of deslorelin acetate on gonadotropin secretion and ovarian follicle development in cycling mares

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gonadotropin secretion and ovarian function after administration of deslorelin acetate to induce ovulation in mares. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. ANIMALS: 16 healthy mares with normal estrous cycles. PROCEDURE: 8 control mares were allowed to ovulate spontaneously, whereas 8 study mares received deslorelin to induce ovulation when an ovarian follicle > 35 mm in diameter was detected. Follicle development and serum concentrations of gonadotropins were monitored daily during 1 estrous cycle. Pituitary responsiveness to administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was evaluated 10 days after initial ovulation. RESULTS: Interovulatory intervals of mares treated with deslorelin (mean +/- SD, 25.6 +/- 2.6 days) were longer than those of control mares (22.9 +/- 1.8 days). Diameter of the largest follicle was significantly smaller during 2 days of the diestrous period after ovulation in deslorelin-treated mares than in control mares. Concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were lower in deslorelin-treated mares on days 5 through 14 than in control mares. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone were not different between groups during most of the cycle. Gonadotropin release in response to administration of GnRH was lower in mares treated with deslorelin acetate than in control mares. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of deslorelin was associated with reduction in circulating concentrations of FSH and gonadotropin response to administration of GnRH during the estrous cycle. Low concentration of FSH in treated mares may lead to delayed follicular development and an increased interovulatory interval.     

Correlation between leukocytosis and necropsy findings in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: 34 cases (1994-1999)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether severity of leukocytosis correlates with severity of postmortem lesions in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA). DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 34 dogs with IMHA that had CBC performed within 48 hours prior to death and complete necropsy examinations. PROCEDURE: Dogs were independently assigned to 4 leukocytosis groups (within reference range; mild leukocytosis, moderate leukocytosis, marked leukocytosis) and 3 lesion severity groups (mild lesions, moderate lesions, severe lesions). RESULTS: Moderate to marked leukocytosis correlated with moderate to severe postmortem lesions. Ischemic necrosis within liver, kidney, heart, lung, and spleen attributable to thromboembolic disease or anemic hypoxia were the most common important lesions found at necropsy. None of the dogs with mild lesions had moderate or marked leukocytosis. Four of 14 severely affected dogs had WBC counts within reference range, but all 4 had neutrophilic left shifts. Three of these 4 dogs had toxic change in neutrophils. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Moderate to marked leukocytosis, neutrophilic left shift, and toxic change in neutrophils in dogs with IMHA should alert clinicians to the potential for moderate to severe tissue injury, which could complicate treatment and worsen prognosis. Lesions appear to be secondary to anemic hypoxia, thromboembolic disease, or both; therefore, treatment objectives should focus on improving blood oxygen-carrying capacity and monitoring for thromboembolic disease.     

Early weaning and postweaning nutritional management affect feedlot performance of angus x simmental heifers and the relationship of 12th rib fat and marbling score to feed efficiency

Early-weaned Angus x Simmental heifers were used to evaluate the effects of postweaning nutritional management on feedlot performance, carcass merit, and the relationship of intramuscular and subcutaneous fat deposition to the feed efficiency among heifers fed for a high-quality market. Sixteen heifers were weaned at 73+/-5.5 d of age and grazed on endophyte-infected tall fescue for 18 mo before entering the feedlot (early-weaned-P). Eighty heifers from the following year's calf crop were weaned at 71+/-5.5 d of age and allowed either ad libitum access to a 25% concentrate diet (early-weaned-25C) or limit-fed a 90% concentrate diet (early-weaned-90C) to achieve a similar ADG. Following a 119-d growing period, 16 early-weaned-90C and 16 early-weaned-25C calves were paired based on BW and growth rate and individually fed during the finishing period along with the early-weaned-P heifers. Ultrasound measurements of s.c. and i.m. fat were recorded at approximately 60-d intervals throughout the finishing period. Feed efficiency was regressed against s.c. and i.m. fat, and i.m. fat was regressed on s.c. fat. Despite a similar ADG, early-weaned-90C calves gained more efficiently (P < or = 0.05) in the feedlot than early-weaned-25C calves. Heifers finished as yearlings tended (P < or = 0.10) to gain faster but gained less efficiently (P < or = 0.01) than early-weaned-90C heifers finished as calves. The rate of s.c. and i.m. fat deposition was similar between early-weaned-90C and early-weaned-25C heifer calves. The calves were grouped together for comparison to yearlings. Feed efficiency decreased quadratically (P < or = 0.01) as s.c. fat cover increased. The rate at which feed efficiency decreased relative to increasing s.c. fat cover was similar regardless of age at feedlot entry. However, heifers finished as calves gained more efficiently (P < or = 0.01) than yearlings at any given fat thickness. Feed efficiency decreased linearly (P < or = 0.01) as i.m. fat increased among heifers finished as calves. Additionally, heifers finished as calves deposited i.m. fat at a faster rate relative to s.c. fat (P < or = 0.01) than yearlings. These data suggest that heifers finished as calves produce high-quality carcasses with less s.c. fat cover while gaining more efficiently than heifers finished as yearlings.     

Microvascular development and growth of uterine tissue during the estrous cycle in mares

OBJECTIVE: To document uterine growth and microvascular development in the endometrium of uteri with differing degrees of fibrosis as well as uterine growth throughout the estrous cycle of mares. ANIMALS: 30 mares. PROCEDURE: Uterine tissue was obtained during the breeding season from a slaughter facility. Stage of estrous cycle of the mares was assessed on the basis of ovarian structures and plasma progesterone concentrations. Endometrium was characterized by use of light microscopy, and blood vessel walls were marked by histochemical techniques. Microvascular development was evaluated by a computerized image analysis system. Growth of uterine tissue was based on cellular content of DNA and RNA, RNA:DNA, and protein:DNA. RESULTS: Significant differences in vascular density were not observed in the endometrium of uteri obtained from mares euthanatized during the follicular or luteal phase of the estrous cycle, regardless of whether endometrial classification of degree of fibrosis was considered. There was a 3-fold increase in amount of DNA and RNA of endometrial cells in the follicular phase when compared to myometrium. Hypertrophy of endometrial tissue during the luteal phase was reflected by a significant increase in cell protein content and protein:DNA. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Endometrial growth of vascular tissues during the estrous cycle may be coordinated with development of nonvascular tissue. Estrogen and progesterone may play a role in regulation of uterine growth and angiogenesis.