Hypolipidemic effect in cholesterol-fed rats of a soluble fiber-rich product obtained from cocoa husks

A new soluble cocoa fiber product (SCFP), obtained after enzymatic treatment of cocoa husks, was characterized and its potential health effects studied in an animal model of dietary-induced hypercholesterolemia. The SCFP was rich in soluble dietary fiber (DF) and antioxidant polyphenols. Consumption of a cholesterol-rich diet containing the SCFP as a source of DF resulted in lower food intake and body weight gain in comparison with control groups consuming cholesterol-free or cholesterol-rich diets with cellulose as DF. The cholesterol-rich diet caused remarkable hypercholesterolemia. However, the SCFP diminished the negative impact of the cholesterol-rich diet, buffering the decrease of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and the increase of total and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde levels) induced by the fatty diet. The SCFP also decreased triglyceride levels to values lower than those in the group fed the cholesterol-free diet. These results put forward the potential application of the SCFP as a dietary supplement or functional food ingredient.     

单喷和混喷多效唑等植物生长调节剂对红富士苹果抗寒性影响

秋季对红富士苹果幼树叶面单喷和混喷一定浓度的多效唑等植物生长调节剂,可以显地抑制新梢生长,提高新梢停长率,降低一年生枝髓部受冻褐变程度,从而增强红富士苹果幼树的抗寒性。     

娇小白掌的组培快繁研究

取白掌的侧芽苗外植体为材料,在不同激素成分及浓度水平下进行组织培养。结果表明,适宜的诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L,诱导率100%;继代增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L,增殖系数达3.90;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L+IBA 0.1 mg/L,生根率100%。     

不同施肥处理对豆角生长及经济效益的影响

通过田间小区试验,研究了施用缓控释肥料、配方肥料和常规施用肥料3种不同施肥处理对豆角农艺性状、产量以及经济效益的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥料相比,缓控释肥料和配方肥料能明显改善豆角农艺性状及增加产量,并减少了肥料施用量和人工量投入,且可以获得一定经济效益。     

硝酸还原酶活力与作物耐肥性的研究 Ⅲ.北方粳稻品种演变过程中硝酸还原酶活力与品种性状之间的关系

对北方粳稻栽培品种演变过程中品种性状和硝酸还原酶活力变化的研究表明:1)品种性状在演变过程中有了明显的变化,即从大穗高秆向多穗矮秆的方向变化;2)品种抗倒耐肥性变化的总趋势是由弱到强,其硝酸还原酶活力从高到低的变化。这就是说过去老品种大穗高秆,不抗倒不耐肥,硝酸还原酶活力高,而目前推广品种多穗矮秆,抗倒耐肥,硝     

桤木促萌返幼试验初报

桤木促萌返幼试验初报刘和林，万军（四川省林业科学研究院）江震阳（四川省林业科学研究院林木良种场）桤木（Ａｌｎｕｓｃｒｅｍａｓｔｏｇｙｎｅ）枝条扦插生理年龄效应十分明显；幼树枝易生根，大树枝难生根。因此进行桤木成年树促萌返幼试验，在不同季节含三种物理处...     

Diabetes and hypertension increases in a society with abdominal obesity: results of the Mexican National Health Survey 2000

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalences of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) in the Mexican population and compare them with those of a previous Mexican urban survey and an American survey. DESIGN: A structured, randomised, nationally representative Mexican sample was compared with a 1993 Mexican urban survey and the US Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) of non-Hispanic Whites. SETTING: The Mexican National Health Survey 2000.Subjects: Subjects were 12,856 men and 28,332 women, aged 20-69 years, who had their body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure and fasting capillary blood glucose measured. RESULTS: Mexican adult men and women had a high prevalence of overweight (41.3 and 36.3%, respectively) and obesity (19.4 and 29.0%, respectively), similar to those in the USA in 1988-1992 and exceeding those of the 1993 Mexican survey. The prevalence of HT was 33.3% in men and 25.6% in women, with inferred DM rates of 5.6 and 9.7%, respectively. Abdominal obesity affected 46.3% of men (WC>or=94 cm) and 81.4% of women (WC>or=80 cm). There was a high prevalence of abdominal obesity in normal-weight women, with co-morbidities relating better to WC than to body mass index (BMI) in both sexes. Rates of DM and HT exceeded US rates on a comparable BMI or WC basis in adults aged <50 years. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity in Mexicans is associated with markedly increased prevalences of DM and HT to levels comparable with, or even higher than, those in NHANES III of non-Hispanic Whites.     

蚕蛹新食品资源开发利用的几个关键问题

指出蚕蛹资源开发利用存在的问题,并对解决问题的关键提出可供参考的思路。     

放牧气候环境因素对泌乳母羊消化代谢的影响

试验选取6只内蒙古细毛羊健康泌乳母羊，分别于泌乳前期（Ⅰ、Ⅱ期）、泌乳中期（Ⅲ期）和泌乳后期（Ⅳ期），采用消化代谢、气体能量代谢等试验方法，运用灰色关联度分析法，探讨放牧条件下主要气候因素（气温、气湿、风速）对母羊不同泌乳期营养物质消化代谢的影响。结果表明，在本试验条件下，试验羊产热量受风速影响最大，机体能量存留量受气温影响最明显，而来食量、消化率、N存留量及总能代谢率等项指标与空气湿度关系最密切。