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61.
Trevor Daly Marvin A. Jiwan Nora M. O’Brien S. Aisling Aherne 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(2):164-169
Herbs are a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals such as carotenoids, which are known to exert various positive biological
effects. However, there is very limited information in the literature regarding the content and bioavailability of carotenoids
from commonly consumed herbs. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were first, to determine the carotenoid content
of eight herbs namely basil (Ocimum basilicum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), dill (Anethum graveolens), mint (Metha L.),
parsley (Petroselinum crispum), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis), and tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus
L.); and second, to assess carotenoid bioaccessibility from these herbs using a simulated human in vitro digestion model.
Carotenoid bioaccessibility is defined as the amount of carotenoids transferred to micelles after digestion when compared
with the original amount present in the food. The content of individual carotenoids varied significantly among the herbs tested.
Carotenoid bioaccessibility varied from 0 to 42.8%. Basil and coriander, and their respective micelles, contained the highest
levels of β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lutein + zeaxanthin. Our findings show that herbs are rich sources of carotenoids
and that these foods can significantly contribute to the intake of bioaccessible carotenoids. 相似文献
62.
Anna Ohlson Ulf Emanuelson Madeleine Tr?vén Stefan Alenius 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2010,52(1):37
Background
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine corona virus (BCV) affects cattle worldwide. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of these infections on general health and reproduction parameters measurable on herd level and to explore the association between antibody status and some herd characteristics.Methods
We collected a pooled milk sample from five primiparous cows from 79 Swedish dairy herds in September 2006. The samples were analysed for immunoglobulin G antibodies to BCV and BRSV with indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Herd level data from 1 September 2005 to 30 August 2006 were accessed retrospectively. The location of the herds was mapped using a geographical information system.Results
Ten herds were antibody negative to both viruses and were compared with 69 herds positive to BCV or BRSV or both. Positive herds had a higher (P = 0.001) bulk tank milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) compared with negative herds. The medians for all other analyzed health and reproductive parameters were consistently in favour of the herds negative to both viruses although the differences were not statistically significant. A higher proportion (P = 0.01) of herds used professional technicians for artificial insemination, rather than farm personnel, amongst the 33 herds negative to BCV compared with the 46 positive herds.Conclusions
Our result shows that herds that were antibody positive to BCV and/or BRSV had a higher BMSCC compared with herds negative to BCV and BRSV. There was also tendency that negative herds had a better general herd health compared with positive. A higher proportion amongst the BCV negative herds used external technicians for AI instead of farm personnel, indicating that it is possible to avoid infection although having regular visits. Negative herds were located in close proximity to positive herds, indicating that local spread and airborne transmission between herds might not be of great importance and that herds can stay free from these infection transmission although virus is circulating in the area. 相似文献63.
64.
Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of type of crop residues and chemical pretreatment solutions on the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions at different concentrations of synthetic wastewater solutions. Rice straw, cotton stalks, and maize stalks were pretreated with different solutions (i.e., sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide, and distilled water as the control treatment) in order to increase their metal-binding capacity. Results indicated that cotton stalks were the best biosorbent material according to their efficiency in removal of heavy metal ions. Sodium hydroxide was the best chemical pretreatment method for stimulating the biosorption capacity of crop residues. Ions of Pb2+ had the highest biosorption ratio among all competitive ions, whereas Mn2+ ions had the lowest. The removal efficiency decreased as the concentration of heavy metal ions increased in aqueous solutions. Sorption equilibrium isotherms could be described by the Langmuir model in most cases, whereas an isotherm of S shape was observed in other cases, which did not follow the Langmuir isotherm model. In conclusion, cotton stalks pretreated with sodium hydroxide could be used as an efficient technique for wastewater remediation prior to irrigation due to its low-cost, little processing, and high biosorption capacity. 相似文献
65.
Maureen H. Murray Mason Fidino Rebecca Fyffe Kaylee A. Byers James B. Pettengill Kerry S. Sondgeroth Halcyon Killion Seth B. Magle Maria Jazmin Rios Nora Ortinau Rachel M. Santymire 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(6):673-683
Rat‐associated zoonoses transmitted through faeces or urine are of particular concern for public health because environmental exposure in homes and businesses may be frequent and undetected. To identify times and locations with greater public health risks from rats, we investigated whether rat characteristics, environmental features, socioeconomic factors, or season could predict rat infection risk across diverse urban neighbourhoods. In partnership with a pest management company, we sampled rats in 13 community areas along an income gradient in Chicago, a large city where concern about rats has increased in recent years. We collected kidneys for Leptospira spp. testing and colon contents for aerobic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli. Of 202 sampled rats, 5% carried Leptospira spp. and 22% carried E. coli. Rats were significantly more likely to carry Leptospira spp. on blocks with more standing water complaints in higher‐income neighbourhoods (OR = 6.74, 95% CI: 1.54–29.39). Rats were significantly more likely to carry E. coli on blocks with more food vendors (OR = 9.94, 2.27–43.50) particularly in low‐income neighbourhoods (OR = 0.26, 0.09–0.82) and in the spring (OR = 15.96, 2.90–88.62). We detected a high diversity of E. coli serovars but none contained major virulence factors. These associations between environmental features related to sanitation and infection risk in rats support transmission through water for Leptospira spp. and faecal–oral transmission for E. coli. We also found opposing relationships between zoonotic infection risk and income for these two pathogens. Thus, our results highlight the importance of sanitation for predicting zoonotic disease risks and including diverse urban areas in pathogen surveillance to mitigate public health risks from rats. 相似文献
66.
67.
Erica Corda Paulo Vilar Saavedra Nora Berghoff Rebecca C. Smedley Jennifer S. Thomas 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2020,49(4):652-654
A 9-year-old castrated male Portuguese water dog was presented following incomplete excision of a malignant melanoma at the left lip commissure by the referring veterinarian. Physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. The patient was staged using thoracic radiographs, abdominal ultrasound, and fine-needle aspirates of the mandibular lymph nodes and spleen. Given the absence of any definitive evidence of metastasis, the malignant melanoma was surgically completely removed. The dog then received four melanoma vaccine doses as an adjuvant therapy and remained clinically healthy for more than 3 months after the last immunization. However, 232 days after the initial discovery of the lip mass, the dog was euthanized due to deterioration and a poor prognosis based on the presence of lung metastases and neoplastic melanocytic pleural effusion. The latter has been rarely reported in dogs, despite the high prevalence of oral malignant melanomas and the tendency of these tumors to metastasize to the lungs. 相似文献
68.
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Pea necrotic yellow dwarf virus (PNYDV) is a novel nanovirus in Europe, affecting various grain legumes. The impact of PNYDV on nodulation, symbiotic N2... 相似文献
69.
赴美森林火灾扑救指挥系统培训考察报告 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
项目赴美国培训考察团 《森林防火》2008,(3):45-46
2008年5月12日-5月24日,由美国路易斯安那州立大学教授Sun Joseph Chang博士陪同,南京森林公安高等专科学校948项目赴美国培训考察团一行三人在美国加州学习和考察了森林火灾扑救指挥系统(ICS)及其培训体系,并观摩了ICS实 相似文献
70.