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101.
Jennifer Anne Davidson Rohan B. E. Kimber 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,119(1):99-110
Ascochyta blight causes significant yield loss in pulse crops worldwide. Integrated disease management is essential to take
advantage of cultivars with partial resistance to this disease. The most effective practices, established by decades of research,
use a combination of disease-free seed, destruction or avoidance of inoculum sources, manipulation of sowing dates, seed and
foliar fungicides, and cultivars with improved resistance. An understanding of the pathosystems and the inter-relationship
between host, pathogen and the environment is essential to be able to make correct decisions for disease control without compromising
the agronomic or economic ideal. For individual pathosystems, some components of the integrated management principles may
need to be given greater consideration than others. For instance, destruction of infested residue may be incompatible with
no or minimum tillage practices, or rotation intervals may need to be extended in environments that slow the speed of residue
decomposition. For ascochyta-susceptible chickpeas the use of disease-free seed, or seed treatments, is crucial as seed-borne
infection is highly effective as primary inoculum and epidemics develop rapidly from foci in favourable conditions. Implemented
fungicide strategies differ according to cultivar resistance and the control efficacy of fungicides, and the effectiveness
of genetic resistance varies according to seasonal conditions. Studies are being undertaken to develop advanced decision support
tools to assist growers in making more informed decisions regarding fungicide and agronomic practices for disease control. 相似文献
102.
103.
基于粒子滤波的苹果采摘机器人目标姿态估算 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
针对苹果采摘机器人中果实姿态信息缺失造成果实损伤及采摘失败等问题,根据苹果尾部花萼遗迹区域是否可见分析了果实姿态信息机器视觉测量方法,研究了果实姿态信息的粒子滤波估计。将单目摄像机固定在机器人末端手爪上,在手爪趋近果实的采摘过程中,随机采集多帧果实图像。对每帧图像运用惯性主轴或重心点偏移两种方法计算果实在机器人坐标系下的姿态向量值,并通过粒子滤波融合来得到果实姿态信息的最优估计。实验结果表明,粒子滤波方法可以有效地融合多帧图像的苹果姿态信息,能够减小因依靠单帧图像直接测量而产生的误差。 相似文献
104.
105.
葡萄施药量应随葡萄冠层生长期变化而相应变化.采用3种施药量调节模型,以达到在葡萄上合理施药的目的.3种模型分别为Unit Canopy Row (UCR)、Leaf Wall Area (LWA)和DOSAVI(N)A.试验结果表明,对于早期葡萄,DOSAVI(N)A和LWA两个模型的沉积量和传统的施药量处理间没有显著性差异;UCR、DOSAVI(N)A和LWA三模型之间也没有显著性差异;在中期,LWA模型和传统的施药量处理在沉积量上仍没有显著性差异,而UCR模型所取得的沉积量显著小于其他3种处理;在后期,传统的施药量仍然取得了最大的沉降量.在所有的试验中,沉积分布(CV值)基本保持一致. 相似文献
106.
107.
The potential of three different protein resources (pea protein isolate, PPI; pea protein concentrate, PPC; enzyme treated poultry protein, ETPP) as fish meal (FM) alternative protein in diets for juvenile black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii. (initial average weight 7.90 ± 0.13 g) was evaluated. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace FM at 0% (T0, control diet), 8% (designated as T1‐T3) and 16% (designated as T4‐T6) using PPI, PPC and ETPP respectively. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 25 juvenile fish for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding period, survival rate was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. Growth performance in T6 (16% ETPP) group was significantly inferior to T0 group, however, weight gain and specific growth rate in other treatments showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Mean feed intake, feed efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio were also poorer in fish fed in T6 than those of fish fed with the control diet respectively. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter and crude protein for fish fed ETPP diets were significant lower than those of fish fed with the control diet, whereas ADCs of lipid were unaffected by dietary treatments. ADC's of dietary Leu, Ile, His and Lys was also significantly influenced. There were no marked variations in proximate compositions of dorsal muscle. With regard to plasma characteristics, significant difference was observed in triacylglycerol content. Ammonia concentration in plasma tended to increase in alternative protein diets as substitution level increased. There were significant differences in aspartate aminotransferase activities among groups, but alanine aminotransferase levels were unaffected by treatments. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that PPI and PPC were potential protein sources for using in juvenile black sea bream diet. However, the substitution level of FM by ETPP should be limited within 16%. 相似文献
108.
109.
根系分区交替滴灌条件下葡萄根系分布特征及生长动态 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用原位取土法和根系生态监测系统连续两年研究了葡萄的根系空间分布和全生育期根系生长动态,结果表明:葡萄根系在水平方向主要分布在距离树干100 cm的范围内,占到总根系的80%以上,而且在径向方向呈指数衰减;葡萄根系在垂直方向主要分布在0~60 cm范围的土层内,占到总根系的75%以上.根系分区交替滴灌条件下干燥区与湿润区根系生长是不同的,葡萄的新生根系受到土壤水分条件的限制和自身生长的影响.在整个生育期,葡萄根系分区交替滴灌两侧根系生长均呈抛物线变化. 相似文献
110.
设计了用于洁蛋保鲜高效自动涂膜的洁蛋覆膜机,开发了控制系统,通过试验对设备的性能进行了验证.对电动机频率分别为5、10、15、20、25、30 Hz下的进蛋链条线速度和设备的处理量进行性能测试,验证了装置的实际生产能力.蛋壳表面干燥情况与覆膜状况的试验结果表明,在温度为25℃,相对湿度为60%,喷雾压力为0.6 MPa,单位时间喷雾量为43.6 mL/min,烘干机干燥能力为1.71 kJ/s时,最佳进蛋链条线速度为12.01 mm/s,处理量为4804颗/h,烘干机长度为50 cm,洁蛋干燥时间为4.16s. 相似文献