BMGK-1型微计算机木材干燥监控系统的研制

本文就微计算机技术在木材干燥生产过程控制中的应用,作了理论和技术方面的分析。同时对研制成功的BMGK-1型微计算机木材于燥监控系统的软硬件结构、原理及技术经济性能进行了全面的论述。 本系统能与我国现有各类木材干燥设备配套使用,并可以提高生产效率、保证干燥质量、减轻工人劳动强度,节约能源效果显著。工业试验表明:与人工控制相比,平均节约工时10％以上。     

新疆牛梨形虫病单一与混合感染的流行病学调查

【目的】分别以纯化的重组蛋白GST-MSA-2c、GST-HSP20、GST-Tams1作为抗原,对2006～2008年全疆14个地州的牛梨形虫病流行病学进行调查。【方法】使用三种已建立的牛梨形虫病间接ELISA检测方法。【结果】(1)在三年采集的1340份血清样品中共检出牛梨形虫阳性血清280例,感染率为20.90%,其中牛巴贝斯虫、双芽巴贝斯虫、泰勒梨形虫单一感染率分别为8.21%(23/280)、15.71%(44/280)和43.93%(123/280)。(2)新疆牛梨形虫混合感染上升,为15.35%,甚至出现个别的三重感染。(3)2008年在流行区内的牛梨形虫感染率高达74%(37/50),单一感染和混合感染分别64.85%(24/37)和35.15%(13/37),流行区的混合感染率明显增高。【结论】新疆牛梨形病的流行病学特征是感染率逐年增加,疫区不断扩大,混合感染使疫情趋于复杂化。这是新疆首次利用血清学方法对全疆牛梨形虫病进行大规模的流行病学调查。     

四川阿坝州草原畜牧业现状、存在问题及发展对策

介绍了阿坝州草原资源和畜牧业发展现状,论述了草原生态保护与畜牧业的关系,剖析了草原生态与畜牧业发展中存在的问题,并针对存在的问题提出了实现草原生态保护和畜牧业平衡发展的对策。     

农户农产品质量安全认知水平影响因素实证分析

为提高农户农产品认知水平,引导农户安全生产行为,利用中国东部6省474户农户调研数据,采用Logit回归模型实证分析影响农户农产品质量安全认知水平的重要因素。研究发现,年龄、受教育程度等农户自身特征因素并未对其认知水平产生显著影响,而外部因素则是影响农户认知水平的重要因素,包括市场因素、政府规制因素和地区因素。鉴于此,本研究特提出加强农村信息化建设、完善基层社会服务体系建设以及积极推进农产品认证等方面的对策建议。     

青藏高原云杉针叶水提物抑菌作用研究

研究青藏高原若尔盖云杉针叶水提物(NAEPA)的抗菌作用并初步分析其活性成分。NAEPA抗菌活性显著,对供试6种常见的革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性病原菌都有较强的抑菌作用和杀菌作用,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为3.8～15 mg/mL和7.5～30 mg/mL。抑菌物质在酸性环境中活性最强,对中性和碱性环境敏感;对121℃高温比较稳定。GC-MS分析表明,有机酸是NAEPA的主要成分;苯甲酸、间羟基苯甲酸、邻苯二酚、角鲨烯和桃金娘烯醇是主要抑菌物质。NAEPA中还含有抗氧化、降血脂以及抗血栓成分。NAEPA具有有效的抑菌物质和各种保健成分,是一种可应用于食品和饲料工业的潜在天然植物防腐剂资源。     

Association between the body weight of growing pigs and the functional capacity of their gut microbiota

Gastrointestinal microbiota impact host's biological activities, including digestion of indigestible feed components, energy harvest, and immunity. In this study, fecal microbiota of high body weight (HW) and low body weight (LW) growing pigs at 103 days of age were compared. Principal coordinates analysis separated the HW and LW groups into two clusters, indicating their potential differences between microbial community composition. Although the abundances of two major phyla, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, did not significantly differ between the HW and LW groups, some genera showed significant differences. Among them, Peptococcus and Eubacterium exhibited strong positive correlations with body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) (Rho > 0.40), whereas Treponema, Desulfovibrio, Parabacteroides, and Ruminococcaceae_unclassified exhibited strong negative correlations with BW and ADG (Rho < ?0.40). Based on these results, the structure of intestinal microbiota may affect growth traits in pigs through host–microbe interactions. Further in‐depth studies will provide insights into how best to reshape host–microbe interactions in pigs and other animals as well.     

Generation of insulin-producing cells from PDX1 and NKX6.1 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

AIM: To differentiate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into functional insulin-producing cells to produce sufficient pancreatic islet cells for transplantation. METHODS: Recombinant adenovirus vectors carrying PDX1 and NKX6.1 genes were constructed and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were infected by the recombinant adenovirus combined with several cytokines for differentiation. The expressions of PDX1, NKX6.1 and insulin and C-peptide in the differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. After the differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into subrenal capsule of diabetic mice, cell morphology of the grafts as well as their secretion of insulin and C-peptide were detected. Besides, regulating capacities of grafts on the blood glucose level of the diabetic mice were also detected. RESULTS: BMSCs induced by recombinant adenovirus (pAdxsi-CMV-PDX1/CMV-NKX6.1) and several cytokines showed positive dithizone staining and the expressions of β-cell related molecule such as insulin and glucose transporter 2 were detected by RT-PCR, which showed a sustaining and stable expression. The similar results were showed by Western blotting, immunohistochemical staining and indirect immunofluorescence. The insulin secretions in the cells stimulated with glucose at concentrations of 5.5 and 25 mmol/L in the experimental group were (1 240.4±109.3) mU/L and (3 539.8±245.1) mU/L, respectively, and were significantly higher than those in control group. Moreover, transplantation of the cells to STZ mice in treatment group made serum glucose recover to normal level. CONCLUSION: PDX1 and NKX6.1 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vitro. When these cells transplanted into STZ induced diabetic mice, their serum glucose could return to the normal level and they could live well. Thus this is a promising method for diabetes treatment.     

基于14C同化物运转和分配对黄柏剥皮的再生机理

以14C为示踪剂,用14CO2+CO2法对2年生黄柏进行半株标记,在主干上环状剥去韧皮部,以塑料薄膜包裹,燃烧法制样、液体闪烁测量法测14C活度。结果表明,未剥皮黄柏韧皮部的14C同化物运输速率为52.0cm/h,3h左右同化物从树冠运输到根系,树冠不同部位的功能叶14C同化物分配为:中部功能叶>上部功能叶>下部功能叶;剥皮后,同化物分配规律改变为:上部功能叶>中部功能叶>下部功能叶;剥皮第15天在新生韧皮部、剥口下方的树皮及根系中检测到14C同化物,表明新生韧皮部的生理功能得到恢复。     

氮肥运筹对钵苗机插优质食味水稻产量及品质的影响

以江苏优质食味水稻代表性品种南粳9108和南粳5055为材料,采用新型栽培技术钵苗机插移栽,在大田常用量总施氮270 kg hm~(–2)条件下,设置10∶0、9∶1、8∶2、7∶3、6∶4、5∶5、4∶6七种基蘖肥与穗肥比例的处理。比较研究不同处理对钵苗机插优质食味水稻产量及稻米品质的影响,以期为氮肥的合理施用提供理论依据和技术指导。结果表明,当基蘖肥与穗肥比例为6∶4时,产量最高,与其他处理差异显著。稻米的糙米率、精米率和整精米率均随着基蘖肥比例的降低而逐渐增加;直链淀粉和胶稠度含量随着基蘖肥比例的降低而逐渐减小,但蛋白质的含量变化趋势相反,后期施氮量大时蛋白质含量增大。两品种的垩白率和垩白度均随着基蘖肥比例的降低呈先增加后减小的趋势,以6∶4处理显著大于其他处理,而垩白大小逐渐增加。食味品质中除了完整性随着基蘖肥所占比例的降低而增加外,香气、光泽、味道、口感以及食味值均呈现递减趋势。各处理的稻米峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值和最终黏度,除对照不施氮肥处理最大外,均随基蘖肥比例的降低而逐渐减小,而消减值的变化呈现相反的趋势。基蘖肥与穗肥比例为6∶4的氮肥运筹方式能显著提高钵苗机插优质食味水稻的产量;适当增加穗肥比例能有效改善稻米的加工品质和营养品质,增大稻米粒长和粒宽,但降低了稻米的外观品质和食味品质。