苏联花卉检疫病害

一、菊花花瓣腐烂病病原真菌 Ascochyta ChrysanthemiStev.属半知菌纲的球壳孢目球壳孢科.能侵染寄主植物任一生长阶段的所有地上与地下部位。     

高速气流对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

用1484只罗斯雄仔鸡分两组试验,以研究气流速度为180m/min和120m/min时,与静止气流(<15m/min)相比,其对3～7周龄仔鸡增重(BWG)和饲料报酬(F/G)的影响。肉鸡在普通环境中养殖3周龄。试验设施为一四边关闭的房子,内有8个在通风管内的地板式围栏(2个通风管×4个围栏/通风管)和6个没有通风的围栏。通风管设置两种风速:180或120m/min。3周龄时,每栏放入53只鸡,再放入通风管中,其他6栏置于环境控制设施中。栏的地板面积为3.75m~2,一根喂料管,一个食槽。温度控制模式为每日25～30～75℃循环,露点为23℃。结果表明,在第一周(3～4周),与静流组比,180和120m/min的流速对BWG以及F/G无显著影响,但第4～5周和第5～6周,随风速增加,BWG和F/G有显著改善。最后一周,风速180m/min比120m/min显著改善BWG和F/G。     

品种和年龄对猪的基础免疫特性、血液皮质醇浓度及生长性能的影响

试验的目的是要证实不同品种的猪之间存在着基础免疫和生长特性的差异,这些差异是由猪的日龄不同引起的。分别选取4、8、12周龄的波克夏猪(36头)、杜洛克猪(18头)、梅山猪(54头)、长白和约克夏的杂交后代白猪(36头)、约克夏猪(36头)来进行基础免疫,血浆中的皮质醇浓度和生长性能差异的试验。所有试验猪均在17～21d之间断奶,并且转移到同样环境下的仔猪舍中待试验。试验检测指标包括:白细胞的数量和差异性、血浆中皮质醇的浓度、免疫球蛋白的浓度、吞噬细胞、嗜中性嗜菌细胞和细胞的趋化性。在所有各日龄的猪中,梅山猪的皮质醇浓度最高,而约…     

Papovavirus induced feather abnormalities and skin lesions in the budgerigar: clinical and pathological findings

Feather abnormalities and skin lesions caused by a papovavirus infection in budgerigars are described. Diseased one to 15 day old birds displayed a lack of nestling down feathers and filoplumes on the head and neck. Survivors older than 15 days exhibited retarded growth and temporary absence of feathers variable from bird to bird. Several birds between 15 and 25 days of age had flight feathers with total absence or marked sparseness of the vanes. After 25 days, feathers began to grow, although the tail and/or some flight feathers of some of the birds remained underdeveloped or absent for several weeks. Several of these affected birds were unable to fly and are called “runners”

Microscopic lesions in the feather follicles of the affected birds less than 15 days of age, were characterized by focal, multifocal or diffuse ballooning degeneration in the lateral and axial plate cells of the barb ridges with the presence of large basophilic or amphophilic intranuclear inclusions in the same cells. Focal areas of ballooning degeneration with intranuclear inclusions were also found in the epidermis. Clinical observations made on these birds are compared with those reported in the literature for French molt.