2011～2016年广东口岸进境水果截获疫情分析与对策

本文对广东口岸2011～2016年进境水果疫情截获情况进行统计,对所截获不同水果的疫情、不同来源地的疫情及检疫性有害生物进行分析,在此基础上分析了进境水果检验检疫监管的现状及存在的问题,并提出相应的监管对策,为进境水果检验疫监管工作提供参考.     

斑马片病入侵中国的风险分析及管理对策

根据国际植物检疫措施标准(ISPM)第2号有害生物风险分析框架和第11号检疫性有害生物风险分析程序,从斑马片病的国内外分布状况、潜在危害性、受害栽培作物的经济重要性、传播扩散的可能性及危险性管理难度5个方面对其在中国的风险性进行了多指标方法分析。结果表明,斑马片病在中国的综合风险值R为2.48,其病原Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum为高度危险的有害生物。针对该病提出了相应的风险管理对策。     

Sorption of Uranium on a Bifunctional Polymer of Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid Cross-Linked <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-Cyclodextrin in the Presence of Humic Acid: Kinetics,Isotherms, and Thermodynamics

Humic acid (HA) plays an important role in the migration and transformation of uranium in natural waters. To effectively remove uranium in the presence of HA, a bifunctional polymer, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (DTPA-β-CD), was synthesized by polycondensation reaction. The sorption performance of DTPA-β-CD in functions of pH, ionic strength, contact time, initial time, and temperature were explored batch wise. Experimental results showed that DTPA-β-CD could concurrently sorb uranium and HA around pH of 3.0. The sorption strongly depended on pH and on ionic strength, demonstrating outer-sphere surface complex in nature. Two sorption kinetics well followed pseudo-second-order model. Sorption isotherm accorded with Sips model. Increasing temperature facilitated uranium and restrained HA sorption. This work demonstrated that DTPA-β-CD was a promising material for sorbing uranium in the presence of HA.     

魔芋新品种‘富魔1号’

‘富魔1号’是通过系统选育方法,从云南富源地方花魔芋资源中选出的新品种。2年生平均产量为35.94 t ? hm-2,繁殖率为7.1,精粉葡甘露聚糖含量74.8%,粘度21 567.0 mPa ? s。适宜在云南海拔1 600 ~ 2 300 m区域种植。     

A novel cold-inducible promoter,PThCAP from Tamarix hispida,confers cold tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

Our previous studies have revealed that the Th CAP gene plays a vital role in transgenic Populus(P.davidiana 9 P.bolleana) in response to cold stress.However,the regulatory mechanism of Th CAP gene expression has been unclear.In this study,the 50 flanking region of the Th CAP promoter(PTh CAP) was cloned using a genomewalking method.By analyzing cis-acting regulatory elements of PTh CAP,a DRE motif and MYC and MYB elements were found to be located in the promoter.To identify the regulatory elements that control the expression of the Th CAP gene promoter,a series of deletion derivatives ofPTh CAP,P1–P5,from the translation start code(-1538,-1190,-900,-718 and-375 bp),were fused to the GUS reporter gene,and then each deletion was stably introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana plants.Deletion analysis of the promoter suggested that only the P2 fragment had strong GUS expression in leaves and roots of A.thaliana exposed to low temperature stress.These results suggest that this290-bp region(-1190 to-900 bp),as an important part in PTh CAP,was associated with cold tolerance of A.thaliana.Our results provide evidence for the regulatory mechanism of Th CAP gene involved in the response to cold stress,and that the gene is promising candidate gene for genetic improvement of crops.     

Population genetic structure and expansion patterns of the cotton pest <Emphasis Type="Italic">Adelphocoris fasciaticollis</Emphasis>

Understanding the population genetic structure and demographic dynamics of important agricultural pest insects is very important in studying insecticide resistance and control strategies. The plant bug Adelphocoris fasciaticollis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is one of the main insect pests on cotton in Northern China. We studied large-scale genetic structure and genetic diversity patterns and explored the demographic history. We also employed a phylogeographical approach on A. fasciaticollis samples using sequence data from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (ncDNA). MtDNA showed a significant correlation between genetic and geographical distances, but ncDNA did not support this correlation. Both datasets revealed that A. fasciaticollis populations had experienced recent expansion and lacked a geographical structure. One reason for lack of a genetic structure is a high level of gene flow among the populations. We suggest that the strong flight capability of A. fasciaticollis has been aided by the East Asian monsoon and cold fronts to accelerate the rate of range expansion. In addition, decreased insecticide usage and disturbances from human activities may all have contributed to population expansion. The low effective population number was based on two datasets. It is suggested that the host crop use, local climate conditions, and the recent population expansion might be the main influencing factors.     

核桃新品种“鲁甸大麻1号”

“鲁甸大麻1号”是在云南省寒冷地区滇东北鲁甸县实生选育出的避晚霜核桃新品种.该品种坚果扁圆球形,果基圆,果顶略尖,平均单果质量14.44 g,种壳刻纹大浅,壳面麻,缝合线突起,结合紧密,壳厚0.89 mm,内褶壁纸质,隔膜发达,出仁率51.2％,粗脂肪含量74.67％,蛋白质含量18.5％,取仁易,核仁肥,饱满,食味香纯无涩,口感细腻.“鲁甸大麻1号”2013年7月参展第七届世界核桃大会,荣获“中国核桃优良品种”称号.2014年12月通过云南省林木良种审定委员会审定.     

贡山县核桃增效配套技术

笔者在贡山县应用了核桃大树“开槽放水”杂劣品种嫁接改良技术、漾濞大泡核桃“2-3主枝自然开心形或2-3主枝开心圆头形”树形配置技术和“平衡施肥”技术,总结出了适合贡山县核桃增效的配套技术,供参考使用.     

云南柠檬产业发展的优势与潜力

概述柠檬营养与功能利用价值,以及在云南干湿热"三江并流"区域与次区域的自然生态条件,并从市场前景、发展基础、科技支撑、产业发展瓶颈与发展情景的角度,阐明在云南发展柠檬产业的优势及潜力。     

农业信息化建设之遂昌样本

为解决农业科技信息进村入户"最后一公里"问题,从2014年开始,遂昌县组织开展信息进村入户试点工作。试点围绕"需求导向、因地制宜、政企合作、机制创新"的总体思路,以12316益农信息中心服务平台为依托,以村级信息服务能力建设为着力点,结合农民信箱推广应用系统和现有农业信息化建设基础,建设新型农村信息公共服务体系,形成"县为主体、村为基础、社会参与、合作共赢"的信息进村入户发展模式和"政府+服务商+运行商"三位一体的可持续运行机制,探索出一条符合遂昌山区特色,可复制、可持续的农业信息化发展路径和推广应用模式。