氟苯尼考PEG6000固体分散体的无溶剂熔融法制备与分析

采用无溶剂熔融法,对难溶性药物氟苯尼考的水溶性粉进行了研究。以聚乙二醇6000（PEG6000）为载体,制备氟苯尼考（florfenicol,FF）固体分散体,用X-射线衍射法、红外光谱法、电子显微镜扫描法和溶出速率法对固体分散体进行了表征,比较氟苯尼考原粉、氟苯尼考PEG6000固体分散体、氟苯尼考-PEG6000物理混合物的溶出速率,并用高效液相法测定固体分散体的溶解度。结果显示,氟苯尼考原粉、固体分散体和混合物的X-射线衍射图谱、红外光谱、电镜结果和溶出速率存在明显差异,氟苯尼考原粉是晶体态的片层结构,固体分散体则为无定形态,固体分散体的溶出速率高于氟苯尼考原粉和物理混合物,固体分散体的溶解度达到3．441mg／mL。无溶剂熔融法制备氟苯尼考PEG6000固体分散体可以提高氟苯尼考溶解度,且方法简单,易于推广。     

大丰麇鹿国家级自然保护区鸟类多样性

2010年1～12月,采用样线法对江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区内7种不同生境的鸟类进行了调查。结果如下:共记录到鸟类150种,分属16目43科,其中水鸟56种,分属7目12科。以密度划分鸟类优势种类,优势种21种,常见种53种,稀有种76种。鸟类的区系以广布种为主,占鸟类总数的48.67%,其次为古北界鸟类45种,占30%,东洋界鸟类32种,占21.33%。国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级保护鸟类14种,占鸟类总数的9.33%。5月和9月鸟类的种类和数量分别出现峰值,为鸟类迁徙的重要时期。不同生境鸟类多样性比较:阔叶林生境最高,为3.488,其次为荒地、狼尾草、白茅、农田、互花米草,多样性分别为3.293、3.185、3.184、3.030和2.857,鱼塘生境最低为2.679。不同季节鸟类多样性比较:春季最高,为3.711,其次为秋季、夏季,多样性分别为3.538和3.381,冬季最低为3.043。     

水禽禽流感防控的探讨

水禽是流感病毒巨大的贮存库,其在禽流感的发生及其传播中具有非常重要的流行病学意义。本文就水禽禽流感的流行特点、致病力及其防控措施中疫苗的选择、免疫程序的制定、免疫增强剂等方面作了阐述和探讨。     

在前临床期检测金仓鼠羊痒病淋巴结中病理型朊蛋白PrP（Sc）

12只雌性5周龄金仓鼠腹腔注射50μL羊痒病（SCRAPIE）263K株10%的脑组织匀浆。在临床前期,感染后第2、4、6、8、10、12周和临床末期第20周,金仓鼠被分别处死,取大脑、淋巴组织、脾脏、肾脏、肝脏、心脏和肌肉等组织,进行蛋白质免疫印迹杂交实验检测朊病毒病理型朊蛋白PrPSc。研究结果显示在临床前期,通过改进后的纯化技术,我们能够检测出淋巴组织和脾脏组织中的PrPSc,但是在肾脏、肝脏、心脏和肌肉等组织中仍然没有检测到PrPSc。     

犬耳血肿的治疗体会

<正>1病例介绍近期我中心收治耳血肿患犬5例,其中3例症状较轻,1例症状严重,1例症状特别严重(患犬的整个左耳肿胀,伴耳道内有多量脓性渗出物,影响听觉)。经治疗,4只患犬已经痊愈,另一只正在恢复中。通过临床检查发现,3例患犬皆为打架而引起,另2例则因耳道内寄生耳螨,频繁抓挠耳廓所致。     

浅谈母牛的引种检疫工作

<正>2007年以来,临洮县每年从外地引进2000余头西门塔尔基础母牛。为防止在引进牛的同时将动物疫病引入,我们在引进牛的过程中,对引进全过程实行疫病检疫监督,有效的防止了动物疫病的引入和发生,为本     

高精料日粮条件下维生素B_1对山羊瘤胃体外发酵的影响

选择3只安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的徐淮白山羊作为瘤胃液供体,以可溶性淀粉、小麦淀粉、粉碎的滤纸纤维、木聚糖和果胶作为底物,精粗比为70∶30,维生素B1在瘤胃培养液底物中的浓度设为0(mg/kg)、30(mg/kg)、60(mg/kg)、90(mg/kg)4个水平,利用人工瘤胃体外培养法,通过对瘤胃微生物体外发酵pH值、氨氮、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸以及TVFA、乳酸等指标的测定,探讨维生素B1对瘤胃发酵的影响。结果表明:高精料日粮条件下,随着维生素B1添加量的增加,培养液的pH平均值呈降低趋势,NH3-N的平均浓度呈下降趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05)。不影响瘤胃发酵类型,但有降低乙酸浓度平均值、提高丙酸浓度平均值和TVFA浓度平均值、降低乙酸/丙酸比值的趋势。培养液中添加维生素B1可以降低乳酸的浓度。     

Phage display identifies an Eastern equine encephalitis virus glycoprotein E2-specific B cell epitope

The present study identified a linear B-cell epitope in the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) E2 glycoprotein by screening a phage-displayed random 12-mer peptide library using an EEEV E2 specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 7C11 and defined L/F-E/R-Y-T-W-G/R-N-H/W-P as the consensus binding motif. A sequence ((321)EGLEYTWGNHPP(332)) encompassing this consensus motif was found in the EEEV E2 glycoprotein and synthesized for further epitope confirmation. Meanwhile, the corresponding epitope peptides in E2 protein of associated alphaviruses were synthesized for specificity identification. Results showed the mAb 7C11 and murine antisera all reacted strongly against the synthesized polypeptide of EEEV antigen complex, but no reaction with Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) was detected. The knowledge and reagents generated in this study may have potential applications in differential diagnosis and the development of epitope-based marker vaccines against EEEV.     

副溶血弧菌检测技术的研究进展

副溶血弧菌引发食物中毒的规模呈明显的上升趋势,目前已超过沙门氏菌食物中毒,跃居首位。因此需要从多方面加强检测,以防止该菌对食品造成的大面积污染,保证人的身体健康。为此本文全面介绍了副溶血弧菌的各种检测方法,包括:传统方法,免疫学方法,分子生物学技术,传感器技术等,为副溶血弧菌的检测提供理论依据。     

Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of active compounds from Semen pharbitidis against Dactylogyrus intermedius (Monogenea) in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

The present study was undertaken to isolate the active compounds responsible for the anthelmintic activity of methanol extract of Semen pharbitidis against Dactylogyrus intermedius in goldfish (Carassius auratus). The active methanol extract was fractionated on silica gel column chromatography in a bioassay-guided fractionation, eventually yielding two bioactive compounds: palmitic acid and pharnilatin A by comparing spectral data (NMR and ESI-MS) with literature values. According to in vivo anthelmintic assays, they were found to be 50% effective at the concentrations (EC(50)) of 5.3 and 1.4 mg L(-1), respectively. The promising palmitic acid and pharnilatin A from S. pharbitidis were also subjected to acute toxicity tests for the evaluation of their safety to the host (goldfish). After 48h exposure, the mortalities of goldfish were recorded, and the established LC(50) values were 2.45- and 5.29-fold higher than the corresponding EC(50), demonstrating that pharnilatins A may have better application potential than palmitic acid. The present results provide evidence that pharnilatins A might be potential source of new anti-parasitic drug for the control of Dactylogyrus.