玉米群体辐射传输特征

实验观测分析了玉米群体总辐射的透过率、截获率、反射率和消光系数,结果表明玉米群体总辐射透过率、反射率和消光系数具有明显日变化特征;玉米雄穗开花前后其群体透过率和截获率有明显变化;日际反射率随玉米生育期而异,初期达0.23,之后逐渐下降至0.14左右;生育期平均反射率约为0.19;总辐射和净辐射的消光系数分别为0.51和0.41。提出了总体消光系数的概念,该系数在观测期较稳定,约为0.26,依此利用入射总辐射可算出作物群体冠层辐射截获量。     

动物源性饲料与食品安全

<正>动物源性饲料产品是指以动物或动物副产品为原料,经工业化加工制作的单一饲料。由于其具有蛋白质含量丰富及生物学价值高等特点,被饲料生产企业和广大养殖者广为利用。但动物源性饲料产品原料多为食品加工业的副产品或下脚料,来源复杂,     

油菜冻害原因及其预防措施

对油菜冻害发生的症状、原因进行了分析,并提出了相应的预防措施。     

Immune responses in piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection compromises the host's innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune responses of piglets infected with highly pathogenic (HP) PRRSV (HuN4 strain) with or without the immunization with CH-1R attenuated PRRSV vaccine. The response was evaluated for the clinical signs, pathological changes and virus load in immune organs, antibody responses and levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10. The result showed that in comparison with the piglets received the immunization, the piglets infected with HP-PRRSV alone had the thymus atrophy, decreased serum levels of IL-4 and increased serum levels of IL-10 and INF-γ. These results suggest that elevated IL-10 levels at the early stage of the infection may enhance virus survival and delay the induction of protective immunity, while increased levels of IL-4 induce the effective immune responses and increase the animals' health status.     

乌骨鸡蛋形指数对孵化率的影响研究

将乌骨鸡种蛋按蛋形指数分为Ａ（≤７２．０％）、Ｂ（７２．１％－７４．０％）、Ｃ（７４．１％－７６．０％）、Ｄ（７６．１％－７８．０％）、Ｅ（≥７８．１％）五组进行孵化,结果表明：五组包骨 受精蛋孵化率分别为８２．６％、８６．１％、９０．２％、８７．２％、８２．５％、Ｃ组显著高于Ａ、Ｂ、Ｄ、Ｅ各组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,并极显著地高于Ａ组和Ｅ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,蛋形指数为７４．１％－７６．０％的乌骨鸡种蛋孵化效果最佳。     

有益菌根真菌及其互作对带叶兜兰试管苗生理生长的影响

为探讨菌根真菌的互作效应,筛选协同互作模式组合,对从野生兜兰新鲜营养根中分离、筛选出的3种菌根真菌（PF02、PF06和PF07）,采用单菌接种、双菌混合接种和三菌混合菌种等7种接种方式,开展菌−苗共生培养,筛选出优势菌株PF02和PF07,揭示在实验室环境下接菌方式与接种效应之间的相互联系,分析菌根真菌互作对带叶兜兰植株生长和生理的影响。结果表明：显示菌根真菌互作对宿主植株的生物量、保护酶活性及叶绿素总量具有较好的正向效应。3种双菌混合接种方式PF02−PF06、PF02−PF07及PF06−PF07均能有效促进带叶兜兰生物量增长,尤其是PF02−PF06接种方式,抗氧化酶POD、超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化氢酶CAT活性及叶绿素总量提高显著。选择优化的接种方式,以及能够协同促进、达到共生平衡的最佳接种方式组合,最大限度发挥菌根对宿主植物的益生作用。     

Effects of nitrogen and water stress on the rehydration,endogenous hormonal regulation and yield of maize

Water scarcity is known to be a strong limiting factor affecting maize grown and yield in cold semi-arid regions. Numerous studies have shown that rehydration improves maize growth. Our study aimed to explore the effects of rehydration treatments on maize growth and yield under water and nitrogen stress during different growth stages. We selected the drought-tolerant maize variety Nendan 19 (ND19) and subjected it to water stress during the V6 (sixth-leaf), R2 (filling) and R6 (maturity) growth stages and a rehydration treatment after each stress stage. Our results indicated that N1 (N100 kg N ha⁻¹) and N3 (N300 kg N ha⁻¹) treatments significantly increased the leaf moisture status relative to water content (RWC), bound water content (BWC), free water content (FWC) and water potential (WP)) at different growth stages. Similar trends were observed in the accumulation of plant leaf and root hormones (zeatin+zeatin riboside, indole-3-acetic acid, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid), photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence. However, under the same water stress conditions, they decreased as the N rate increased and reached a minimum value in the S3 (water stress for N3) treatments. In addition, with growth stage advancement and extension of the rehydration time, both showed a gradual upward trend. The results showed that to save water resources in the cold semi-arid region, rehydration treatments (R2S1 and R2S3) significantly increased the photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, leaf moisture status, biomass, 100-grain weight, hormone content, ear characteristics and grain yield of maize.     

crataegus grayana的组织培养

同许多种其它果树一样,山植属的Crataegus grayana也可应用组织培养的方法,进行快速繁殖。在加入0.25ppmBA,0.5ppmIAA以及150ppm水解干酪素的MS培养基上,可由胚得到实生苗。在加入0.5ppm和300ppm水解干酪素的MS培养基上,由茎尖与茎段可得到壮实的试管苗。由于该植物胚在第一年内成熟度甚低,因此用茎尖或茎段进行快繁殖远优于用胚来进行。从此项研究结果看,其繁殖率为2~n-3~n(n为∮月数)。     

花椒病虫害影响因素的初步研究

花椒Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim属芸香科花椒属植物,四川省北川县青片乡花椒种植面积较大,由于当地花椒风味独特,市场供不应求.但是,当地花椒树一直受根腐病、花椒虎天牛和花椒瘿蚊的危害,致使约80%的椒树未达到盛果期就死亡.