Comparison of computer assisted surgery with conventional technique for treatment of abaxial distal phalanx fractures in horses: an in vitro study

Objective— To (1) evaluate and compare computer-assisted surgery (CAS) with conventional screw insertion (conventional osteosynthesis [COS]) for treatment of equine abaxial distal phalanx fractures; (2) compare planned screw position with actual postoperative position; and (3) determine preferred screw insertion direction.
Study design— Experimental study.
Sample population— Cadaveric equine limbs (n=32).
Methods— In 8 specimens each, a 4.5 mm cortex bone screw was inserted in lag fashion in dorsopalmar (plantar) direction using CAS or COS. In 2 other groups of 8, the screws were inserted in opposite direction. Precision of CAS was determined by comparison of planned and actual screw position. Preferred screw direction was also assessed for CAS and COS.
Results— In 4 of 6 direct comparisons, screw positioning was significantly better with CAS. Results of precision analysis for screw position were similar to studies published in human medicine. None of evaluated criteria identified a preferred direction for screw insertion.
Conclusion— For abaxial fractures of the distal phalanx, superior precision in screw position is achieved with CAS technique compared with COS technique.
Clinical Relevance— Abaxial fractures of the distal phalanx lend themselves to computer-assisted implantation of 1 screw in a dorsopalmar (plantar) direction. Because of the complex anatomic relationships, and our results, we discourage use of COS technique for repair of this fracture type.     

雄蚕品种引进试验初报

雄蚕品种的引进与产业化推广是今后蚕业发展的方向。通过引进雄蚕品种夏华×平 8、华秋×平30在实验室对比和农村示范试验 ,试验结果表明 :雄蚕品种综合性状总体较优 ,但某些性状如产量、蚕茧解舒率等有待于进一步改良和完善     

日粮添加不同水平蛋氨酸硒对肉牛营养物质代谢的影响

选用4头安装永久瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔阉牛(体重为420kg、年龄2.5岁),采用4×4拉丁方设计,以混合精料和风干玉米秸秆作为基础日粮,研究1.3倍维持需要水平下,日粮添加不同水平蛋氨酸硒(0、0.3、0.6、0.9mg/kg,以干物质为基础)对营养物质代谢的影响。结果表明:0.3和0.6mg/kg组日粮OM、CP、EE、NFE、NDF、ADF表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);0.6和0.9mg/kg组DN、RN和RN/DN显著高于对照组(P<0.05);0.6mg/kg组与对照组相比Se、Ca、P、Cu、Fe、Mn的存留率显著提高,Zn、Mo和S的存留率无显著差异;0.6mg/kg组血清TG、GLU、ALB、TP、ALT、AST、SOD、GSH-px、GSH均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);0.6mg/kg组血清Se、Cu含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。     

欧盟皮内变态反应比较试验法结合ELISA检测牛结核病的研究

现在应用较多的牛结核病检疫方法有变态反应、ELISA等方法。检疫牛结核病目前OIE唯一指定方法是皮内变态反应,该方法也是最古老的方法之一,经过多次改进,仍然为各国所用。该方法的不足是非特异性反应过高,且只能检测细胞免疫状态。牛结核     

昆明鼠卵母细胞的去核及其去核率的观察

本文研究昆明鼠卵母细胞的去核方法，并通过对去核卵母细胞的固定染色，显示其中期Ⅱ染色体，由此观察统计其确定的去核率。     

自动进排料密闭式固态发酵罐的设计

为解决当前固态发酵劳动强度大,生产效率低的问题,设计内置纵向排列带扇形缺口的浅盘组和升降旋转控制刮板的中心轴来实现自动进排料和翻料的固态发酵罐,可实现自动化生产,原位灭菌,提高生产效率。     

Protective effects against abortion and fetal infection following exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 during pregnancy in beef heifers that received two doses of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine prior to breeding

Objective-To determine whether administration of 2 doses of a multivalent, modified-live virus vaccine prior to breeding of heifers would provide protection against abortion and fetal infection following exposure of pregnant heifers to cattle persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and cattle with acute bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) infection. Design-Randomized controlled clinical trial. Animals-33 crossbred beef heifers, 3 steers, 6 bulls, and 25 calves. Procedures-20 of 22 vaccinated and 10 of 11 unvaccinated heifers became pregnant and were commingled with 3 steers PI with BVDV type 1a, 1b, or 2 for 56 days beginning 102 days after the second vaccination (administered 30 days after the first vaccination). Eighty days following removal of BVDV-PI steers, heifers were commingled with 3 bulls with acute BHV1 infection for 14 days. Results-After BVDV exposure, 1 fetus (not evaluated) was aborted by a vaccinated heifer; BVDV was detected in 0 of 19 calves from vaccinated heifers and in all 4 fetuses (aborted after BHV1 exposure) and 6 calves from unvaccinated heifers. Bovine herpesvirus 1 was not detected in any fetus or calf and associated fetal membranes in either treatment group. Vaccinated heifers had longer gestation periods and calves with greater birth weights, weaning weights, average daily gains, and market value at weaning, compared with those for calves born to unvaccinated heifers. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Prebreeding administration of a modified-live virus vaccine to heifers resulted in fewer abortions and BVDV-PI offspring and improved growth and increased market value of weaned calves.     

马里努阿犬的追踪训练

马里努阿犬的追踪训练是在具有良好的服从性和具备简单追踪能力的基础上进行的. 一、马里努阿犬的追踪训练原则 马里努阿犬的追踪训练原则是:嗅嗅源要细、突破起点要慢、中途要稳、终点强化要到位.嗅嗅源要细是指要充分感受气味,使嗅源的气味在犬的大脑中产生记忆并且引起兴奋.     

不同浓度乙醇对蜂胶中的铅提取效果的研究

采用不同浓度的乙醇90％、85％、80％、75％、70％、65％、50％，对蜂胶的有效成分进行提取，测定其提取液和残渣中的铅含量，并计算其提取率。结果表明：随乙醇浓度的上升，提取率及提取液中的铅含量增高。其中乙醇浓度为75％、70％和65％的蜂胶提取液中的铅含量均小于1ppm，符合我国食品卫生法关于食品中的铅含量不得超过1ppm的规定。