Screening of Probiotics Inhibiting E. coli K88 in vitro

The probiotics tested in the experiment were isolated from the intestinal of weaning piglets.The isolated probiotics and E.coli K88 were inoculated into the culture of intestinal porcine epithelial cell-1 (IPEC-1).The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the supernatant was measured after incubating for 2.5 h.At the same time, the probiotics and E.coli K88 were co-cultured in vitro, the number of E.coli K88 was counted and the probiotics which could be resistant to the E.coli K88 were selected 2.5 h later.The results showed that the Lactobacillus casei and Bacillus coagulans could significantly reduce LDH activity (P<0.05), decrease the damage of E.coli K88; Bacillus coagulans could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88.At the same time, Bacillus coagulans could resist high temperature, acid and bile salt.The results showed that Bacillus coagulans strains had great potential as the application of probiotics strains.The methods could be used as a model of screen probiotics which could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88 in vitro.     

Pararectal Cystotomy for Urolith Removal in Nine Horses

Objective: To report outcome of horses after standing pararectal cystotomy for removal of uroliths. Study Design: Case series. Animals: Horses (n=9) with cystic calculi. Methods: Medical records (December 1998–May 2007) of horses with cystic calculi that had standing pararectal cystotomy were reviewed. Signalment; urolith number, size, and type; surgical technique; sedation and analgesia protocols; intra‐ and postoperative complications and outcome were analyzed. Results: Uroliths (mean diameter, 6.37 cm; median, 6 cm; range, 3–10 cm) were removed intact without need for fragmentation. Eight (89%) horses had no complications and 1 horse (11%) developed persistent drainage from the perineal incision and incisional healing was prolonged. The complications resolved after wound revision, and although cystoscopy showed absence of uroliths, the clinical signs associated with cystitis recurred. Conclusions: Cystic calculi can be removed safely in standing horses using a pararectal approach. The procedure was well tolerated and no serious complications were encountered. Clinical Relevance: Pararectal cystotomy allows removal of cystic calculi in standing sedated horses. The technique may offer an economic advantage over approaches that require general anesthesia.     

皮南牛新品种培育现状、存在问题与对策

南阳牛是我国五大良种黄牛品种之一,近些年国家越来越重视通过杂交改良的方法产生新品种培育工作,1986年引进了皮埃蒙特牛,与南阳牛进行杂交改良,通过30多年来的持续选育,横交固定形成了皮南牛新类群,它保持了南阳牛适应性好、耐粗饲的优点,同时继承了皮埃蒙特牛生长发育快、瘦肉率高的特点,但在皮南牛新品种培育过程中,仍存在核心...     

山东省区柳蚕的生物学特性与饲育初报

对山东省区柳蚕的形态特征和生活习性进行野外观察和室内室外人工饲养试验.发现柳蚕在野外自然环境条件下1年完成2个世代,以蛹态滞育越冬,幼虫取食柳树、枫杨等的树叶,幼虫期4眠5龄.柳蚕茧调查结果,全茧量5.89g,茧层量0.42g,茧层率7.14％,蛹重为5.38 g.     

气候变化对青藏高原高寒草甸适宜气候分布范围的潜在影响

为确定气候变化对高寒草甸分布范围的影响,以Holdridge生命地带性分类系统,采用A1、A2、B1、B2气候变化情景,分析了气候变化对我国高寒草甸潜在适宜气候分布范围的影响.结果显示:气候变化下,高寒草甸基准情景下适宜气候分布范围将减少,新适宜气候分布范围将增加,总的适宜气候分布范围变化不大,其中A1、A2情景下变化较大,B1、B2气候情景下变化较小;高寒草甸在基准情景下适宜气候分布范围的最小、最大值与中位数都将减少,新适宜气候扩展范围的最小、最大值与中位数将增加,总的适宜气候分布范围的最小、最大值与中位数变化不大;高寒草甸基准情景下适宜气候分布区南部范围将缩小,新的适宜气候分布范围将主要朝西部和西北部方向扩展,其中A1情景下变化最大,B1情景下变化较小;高寒草甸基准情景下适宜气候分布范围和新的适宜气候分布范围与我国年均气温变化和年降水量变化呈现正相关性.从而预测,气候变化使高寒草甸在基准情景下的气候分布范围将减小,新的适宜分布范围将扩大,空间分布格局将发生改变.     

7个杂交黑麦草品种在云南不同气候带的产量比较试验

通过对7个杂交黑麦草品种在云南4个不同气候带的相对干物质产量以及各气候带杂交黑麦草与其亲本一年生黑麦草和多年生黑麦草各品种的平均产量比较分析,结果表明,杂交黑麦草的干物质产量介于其亲本之间,在云南及相似地区推广种植的优良杂交黑麦草品种为奥格斯塔杂交黑麦草。     

野生大豆碱胁迫反应的研究

从吉林省白城市盐碱地采集了野生大豆Glycine soja 345份,用不同盐碱化程度的盐碱土从播种开始胁迫,随着盐碱胁迫程度增加,发芽率和株高逐渐降低,pH值为9.02可抑制50%野生大豆的萌发和生长。用浓度为0、50、75、150、300、500 mmol/L的NaHCO3胁迫3周龄幼苗,浓度为0、50 mmol/L时幼苗可以正常存活,浓度为75、150、300、500 mmol/L时幼苗分别于19、6.5、3、0.5 h左右开始萎蔫。筛选能够在pH值9.0的盐碱土中发芽、生长、开花、结实的野生大豆材料,选择其中发芽率和结实率均较高的9份材料,测定了叶绿素含量、相对电导率和丙二醛含量,编号为G07048、G07092和G07256的3份材料在胁迫前后3个指标差异不显著,具有较强的耐盐碱能力。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP3/GP5/M真核表达载体的构建及其体液免疫应答

本试验旨在构建表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)GP3、GP5和M蛋白的真核重组质粒。以PRRSV LN株为模板,采用PCR方法扩增出GP3、GP5、M基因片段,将扩增的GP5、M通过Linker序列串联成GP5-M,然后将GP3与GP5-M双酶切后插入pcDNA3.1(+)构建重组质粒pcDNA3.1-GP3-GP5-M,将其转染COS7细胞。PCR鉴定表明重组质粒pcDNA3.1-GP3-GP5-M含有PRRSV GP3、GP5-M基因,间接免疫荧光检测表明GP3、GP5-M蛋白在COS7细胞内获得表达。Western blotting检测证实GP3、GP5、M蛋白获得正确表达,并且所表达的GP3、GP5、M蛋白是融合蛋白。将pcDNA3.1-GP3-GP5-M免疫BALB/c小鼠,首免后2周可检测到特异性PRRSV中和抗体,首免后8周中和抗体效价最高可达1∶32。进一步将pcDNA3.1-GP3-GP5-M免疫断奶仔猪,首免后4周即可产生1∶4～1∶8的中和抗体。本试验成功构建了表达PRRSV GP3、GP5和M融合蛋白的真核重组质粒pcDNA3.1-GP3-GP5-M,中和抗体检测表明pcDNA3.1-GP3-GP5-M具有良好的免疫原性,从而为PRRSV基因工程疫苗的研制奠定基础。     

Sublytic C5b-9 induces protective autophagy in cultured podocytes

AIM: In podocytes, autophagy occurs at a high basal level and dysregulated autophagy is associa-ted with a variety of podocytopathies. This paper is to investigate the role of autophagy in sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte injury. METHODS: Sublytic complement C5b-9 stimulation was used as an in vitro model. Autophagosomes were confirmed using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. Immunoblotting was used to measure the change of autophagy-related markers. Cellular morphological changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining. Immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy were used to detect the expression and distribution of nephrin. The cell viability was assessed by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI staining. RESULTS: For ensuring sublytic complement injury, the maximal amounts of anti-podocyte antiserum and 160×-diluted normal human serum were used without inducing cell lysis (defined as >5% LDH release). Sublytic C5b-9 promoted autophagy of podocytes in vitro. The proautophagic effect of sublytic C5b-9 manifested in the form of accumulated MDC-labeled vesicles and enhanced the expression of LC3-Ⅱ. Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenosine (3-MA) promoted sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte morphological abnormalities. Compared with the sublytic C5b-9-injured podocytes, 3-MA exposure further decreased the expression of nephrin. 3-MA enhanced sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Sublytic C5b-9 attack induces autophagy, which may play a protective role against complement-mediated podocyte injury.     

经济林种子生理研究进展

经济林种子是育苗、造林的物质基础,种子品质的好坏直接关系到苗木生产及造林的成效。本文就经济林种子的休眠与萌发、种子的老化及劣变、种子活力等种子生理工作研究现状进行了较为系统的总结,并提出了今后经济林种子生理的研究方向和发展趋势。