长林油茶良种栽培及产业化推广应用

长林油茶系列良种经8年推广种植,取得明显成效,全省推广种植面积达24 453hm^2,经济收益累计达47 418万元。覆盖5个地州11个县,86个街道、乡镇,454个行政村,涉及受益农户达71 307户,贫困户达18 012户,项目区覆盖农户率达81.5%。大力良种推广,为林农得到增收增效,建立了绿色银行,增强了地方经济实力,促进了贵州山区群众脱贫致富。     

不同激素对油用牡丹上胚轴萌发的影响

以‘凤丹白’胚根大于3cm的种子为试验材料,采用全因子试验方法,研究了GA3、NAA和6-BA 3种激素的不同浓度和时间对胚根种子的萌芽率、发芽指数和初萌期的影响,以期为苗木生产提供依据。结果表明:GA3500mg·L^-1处理16h,其萌芽率、发芽指数和初萌期分别为98.89%、0.28和77.00d,发芽指数显著高于对照、初萌期显著比对照提早了13.33d;NAA 100mg·L^-1和6-BA 100mg·L^-1对‘凤丹白’上胚轴萌发均没有明显的促进或抑制作用,300mg·L^-1 NAA和6-BA、500mg·L^-1 NAA和6-BA不论浸种时间长短均明显地抑制了‘凤丹白’种子的萌芽率和发芽指数;同时,500mg·L^-1NAA显著地延长了‘凤丹白’种子的初萌期,说明500mg·L^-1 NAA严重抑制了‘凤丹白’种子的生长发育。     

小花蝽在不同植物上的种群密度

2010―2016年通过人工栽培小区试验,系统调查了33科152种植物上小花蝽复合种群发生动态。多年调查结果表明：除黄柴胡外,其余151种植物上均有小花蝽发生,但小花蝽的种群密度在不同调查年度的植物种类上差异较大。小花蝽种群发生密度最高的植物是蓝蓟,其次是芥菜、硫华菊、荞麦、紫花苜蓿、红麻、陆地棉等有大量蚜虫及开花周期较长的植物。本研究明确了农田生境中小花蝽发生密度较高的候选功能植物,为下一步利用植物多样性促进农田小花蝽种群的保育及控害功能提供科学依据。     

西兰花植株残体还田对棉花黄萎病的防治效果及其安全性评价

本研究探讨了温室和田间试验条件下西兰花植株残体还田对棉花黄萎病的防治效果以及西兰花残体对棉花生长的安全性,以期为深入研究西兰花植株残体对棉花黄萎病的生态防治机制提供依据。将粉碎的西兰花植株残体与培养基质分别按1%、3%、5%、7%和14%处理混匀,在（28±2）℃条件下分别腐解7和30 d后种植棉花,测定其对棉花出苗率、株高的影响以及对黄萎病的防治效果。研究结果表明,当腐解时间为7 d,西兰花残体处理比例为1%和3%时,棉花出苗率与不添加西兰花残体的空白对照处理不存在显著差异,但对株高具有显著促生长作用,增幅分别为19.46%、42.41%和36.96%;西兰花残体添加比例为5%、7%和14%时,对出苗具有不同程度的抑制作用。当腐解时间为30 d时,上述各比例西兰花残体处理后的棉花出苗率和株高与空白对照之间差异不显著。西兰花残体处理显著降低了棉花黄萎病的发病率和病情指数,其21 d后的防治效果达到72.55%。田间试验表明,西兰花残体在棉花全生育期内对黄萎病的防治效果为43.06%。综合分析表明,西兰花残体的施入,促进了棉花生长,降低了黄萎病的发病率和病情指数,且在发病初期的防治效果优于后期。研究结果为深入研究西兰花残体防治棉花黄萎病的生态机制提供理论依据和技术指导,最终为棉花黄萎病的绿色防控和化学农药的减量提供了新途径和思路。     

Tanshinone ⅡA induces apoptosis via JNK signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma HOS cells

AIM: To explore the effect of tanshinone ⅡA on human osteosarcoma HOS cells and the underlying mechanism.METHODS: The cell viability and the appropriate dose of tanshinone ⅡA were determined by CCK-8 assay. Colony formation assay and Transwell assay were used to investigate the proliferation and migration abilities of the HOS cells treated with tanshinone ⅡA. The apoptosis of the HOS cells was monitored by Hoechst 33258 staining, transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The protein levels of apoptosis-related molecules and JNK signaling-associated proteins were determined by Western blot. Meanwhile, a JNK inhibitor was added for confirming the relationship between the pathway and apoptosis mentioned above.RESULTS: Tanshinone ⅡA inhibited both HOS cell proliferation and migration in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Exposure of the HOS cells to tanshinone ⅡA resulted in the activation of apoptosis. Tanshinone ⅡA treatment increased the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bax and JNK signaling-associated proteins, and decreased the protein level of Bcl-2, which were reversed by JNK inhibitor SP600125. Moreover, the result of CCK-8 assay revealed that tanshinone ⅡA-induced cell death was alleviated by JNK inhibitor.CONCLUSION: Tanshinone ⅡA induces cell growth inhibition and the activation of apoptosis via JNK signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma HOS cells.     

Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer cells HCC827

AIM: To investigate the effect of shikonin on reversing hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and to explore its possible mechanisms.METHODS: The gefitinib-resistant HCC827 cells induced by HGF were treated with shikonin and gefitinibthe alone or in combination. The inhibition rates of cell viability were determined by MTT assay. The invasive ability of HCC827 cells with HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib was determined by Transwell assay. The protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and related signaling pathway in the HCC827 cells were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: The results of MTT assay showed that the cell activity of HCC827 cells was significantly inhibited by shikonin in a dose dependent manner. The IC₅₀ of shikonin in HCC827 cells was 3.06 μmol/L. And the IC₅₀ of gefitinib in HCC827 cells was 0.51 μmol/L. Under the condition of combined treatment with shikonin and gefitinib in the presence of HGF (20 μg/L), the IC₅₀ of gefitinib was 7.36 μmol/L, significantly lower than that treated with gefitinib alone (P<0.01), so did the result of the cell migration (P<0.01). HGF induced EMT, while shikonin reversed this effect. The protein expression level of p-AKT was significantly up-regulated by HGF, while markedly down-regulated treatment with shikonin and gefitinib compared with gefitinib alone (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and the mechanism may be likely related to the preventon of EMT and the inhibition of HGF-induced activation of p-AKT signaling pathway.     

两种替代猎物对日本刀角瓢虫生长发育及生殖力的影响

为明确替代猎物对日本刀角瓢虫人工饲养的效果,以烟粉虱卵为对照,研究了地中海粉螟卵和米蛾卵对日本刀角瓢虫生长发育及繁殖力的影响。结果表明,饲喂米蛾卵的日本刀角瓢虫存活率为17.16%,发育历期显著延长,雌虫寿命显著缩短;饲喂地中海粉螟卵处理的存活率为77.82%,雌虫寿命显著延长。瓢虫幼虫期和成虫期营养对成虫产卵能力有明显影响:幼虫期饲喂地中海粉螟卵,成虫期分别饲喂米蛾卵和地中海粉螟卵,产卵量极显著降低(分别为64.45粒和53.82粒);幼虫期饲喂地中海粉螟卵,成虫期饲喂烟粉虱卵,产卵量(539.10粒)与对照组无显著差异;幼虫期饲喂烟粉虱卵,成虫期分别饲喂地中海粉螟卵和米蛾卵,产卵量极显著降低(分别为59.30粒和71.38粒)。因此,米蛾卵不适于日本刀角瓢虫饲养,地中海粉螟卵可作为瓢虫幼虫期饲养的替代猎物。     

辣椒新品种‘秦椒1号’

‘秦椒1号’辣椒是以自交系‘R9816-2-1-3’为母本,‘Z97-2-7-42’为父本杂交育成的一代杂种。果实长灯笼形,表面微皱,果长17.1 cm,果肩宽4.7 cm,果肉厚3.1 mm,单果质量73.5 g,商品性好,品质佳,平均产量45 062.6 kg·hm^-2。高抗病毒病、青枯病和疫病。     

水肥一体化施肥对草莓产量与品质的影响

在设施栽培条件下,对大棚草莓常规施肥和水肥一体化不同施肥模式进行了比较,同时进一步研究了水肥一体化施肥方式下不同施肥量、氮磷钾配比等因素对草莓生长发育及品质的影响。试验结果表明,采用水肥一体化技术比常规施肥方式能节肥35.10%,水肥一体化模式中施氮量48.00 kg/hm^2,施磷量32.10 kg/hm^2,施钾量95.10 kg/hm^2,N∶P∶K为1.00∶0.67∶1.98施肥处理的草莓产量、可溶性固形物含量、单果质量等指标较常规处理分别增加了39.50%、23.10%和24.60%,呈现明显差异,较常规施肥模式增收18.04万元/hm^2,与其他不同施肥模式处理之间也均在整体生长中期或后期呈现明显差异。     

贺州市春夏紫红长茄品种引选试验

为筛选出适合贺州市春夏种植的紫红长茄新品种,以本地主栽品种瑞丰三号为对照,对引进的奥龙、先锋8号F1、天龙8号F1、丰裕先锋一号4个新品种进行了比较。试验结果表明,奥龙紫红长茄新品种表现最佳,不仅高产,且果形、皮色、色泽等外观品质均较好,早熟性较好,具有很强的抗逆性,比较适合贺州市提供粤港澳大湾区蔬菜市场,可作贺州市春夏紫红长茄品种推广种植。