5-烯醇式丙酮酰-莽草酸-3-磷酸合成酶(EPSPS)基因AM79 aroA的活性位点分析

AM79 aro A(WO/2009/059485)基因是从草甘膦高度污染的土壤中克隆的、具有我国自主知识产权的新型草甘膦抗性基因,具有重要应用价值。为进一步解析AM79 EPSPS蛋白的作用机制,本研究对此蛋白的活性位点进行了研究。进化树分析显示AM79 EPSPS属于Ⅰ型EPSPS。序列比对结果表明AM79 EPSPS中第107位的丙氨酸(Ala),第114位的苯丙氨酸(Phe),第355位的Ala和第356位的组氨酸(His)是特异的。采用重叠延伸PCR介导的核苷酸定点突变技术,对这些保守的氨基酸位点进行定点突变。将AM79 aro A及其突变基因转入大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)aro A缺陷型菌株ER2799中,并进行草甘膦抗性鉴定。结果显示,Phe114、Ala355和His356等氨基酸的突变,使AM79 EPSPS蛋白的草甘膦抗性降低,表明这些氨基酸位点对于维持AM79 EPSPS高抗草甘膦的能力是必需的。同源建模结果表明,这些保守氨基酸位点的突变,使AM79 EPSPS蛋白的结构发生变化,这可能是导致突变蛋白草甘膦抗性能力降低的原因。两个Ⅰ型EPSPS(荧光假单杆菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)G2EPSPS和拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)EPSPS)对应氨基酸突变后,其草甘膦抗性没有明显变化,表明AM79 EPSPS中几个特异的氨基酸位点的功能在Ⅰ型EPSPS中并不是保守的。本研究结果为解析AM79 EPSPS高抗草甘膦的作用机理及对AM79 EPSPS进行定向进化提供了理论依据。     

药剂拌种对小麦根部病虫害防效及产量的影响

药剂拌种是防治小麦根部病虫害安全有效且操作简单的方法。为了给冀中北地区小麦根部病虫害防控提供依据,2018年秋季在廊坊节水高效综合试验站小麦(中麦1062)播种前利用生产上近年使用的拌种剂酷拉斯、奥拜瑞、亮势进行拌种,以不包衣种子为对照(CK),研究了不同拌种剂处理对小麦根腐病、茎基腐病、纹枯病和孢囊线虫防效以及主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明:在统一播种、统一管理的情况下,不同药剂拌种的小麦生育期进程、主要生育期农艺性状、产量及其构成因素差异及其与CK差异均不显著,但酷拉斯拌种对小麦根腐病、茎基腐和纹枯病防治效果均最好,亮势拌种对小麦纹枯病和孢囊线虫防治效果最好。     

微信公共领域里的失范行为及其法治规范建设

从哈贝马斯公共领域理论出发，提出了微信群与微信公众号已经初步形成了公共领域这一观点，并主要介绍了围绕微信公共领域的社交功能、自媒体传播功能和商业贸易平台功能而产生的失范行为。依法规范微信公共领域，可以从完善依法管理微信公共领域、依法运营微信公共领域、依法使用微信公共领域三个有机联系层面的法治规范展开。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of PTTG1 Gene in Luchuan Pig

This experiment was aimed to clone PTTG1 gene CDS sequence of Luchuan pig,and was analyzed by bioinformatics methods.A pair of special primers was designed according to predicted sequence of porcine PTTG1 in GenBank.The coding sequence of PTTG1 in Luchuan pig was amplified by RT-PCR,its gene sequence characteristics and protein structure was systemically analyzed by bioinformatics techniques.The results showed that the cloned PTTG1 fragment included a 609 bp CDS (coding 202 amino acids).The sequence multi-aligned results showed that Luchuan pig shared 90.15%,87.85%,87.52%,87.03%,76.03%,74.38%,55.74% and 44.48% of similar nucleotide sequence with that of Bos,Pan troglodytes,Homos,Macaca,Rattus,Mus,Gallus and Danio retio,respectively.The protein structure analysis results showed that the protein attributed hydrophilic protein without signal peptide,localized in cell cytoplasm and had 16 phosphorylation sites.The phylogentic tree of amino acid indicated that PTTG1 was highly conserved in the process of evolution of different species.The cloning and analysis of PTTG1 gene provided an important foundation for further study biological function of porcine PTTG1 during early embryonic development.     

中国沙棘良种选育及遗传改良研究进展与展望

中国沙棘良种选育及遗传改良研究虽起步较晚但进展迅速,在优良品种选育、优异种质引种及遗传改良等方面的研究中取得了重大进展.为给中国沙棘资源的可持续利用提供理论依据和科技支撑,在汲取国内相关研究成果及查阅有关学术论文的基础上,综述了中国沙棘优良类型选择、优良个体(品种)选育、引种驯化、杂交育种及遗传改良等领域的研究进展,指...     

2000—2010年“一带一路”沿线林地变化

基于欧洲宇航局全球气候变化计划(Climate Change Initiative)2000、2010年土地利用数据,对"一带一路"沿线林地变化进行了分析。结果表明:2000—2010年"一带一路"沿线林地呈下降趋势。俄罗斯、东南亚大部分国家以及印度等林地面积下降突出,仅中国林地面积呈增加趋势。林地转为耕地(52 473 km~2)和草地(14 848 km~2)是主要转出类型,耕地转为林地(19 539 km2)以及林地内部转移(386.55 km~2)是主要转入类型。俄罗斯和中国林地转入面积较大(>20 km~2),南亚的印度、孟加拉国,东南亚的马来西亚、印度尼西亚、泰国以及俄罗斯等林地转出面积较大(>2 000 km~2)。     

济宁市兖州区农机安全现状与对策

通过对济宁市兖州区农业机械的基本情况、事故伤害情况进行分析,给出了相对应的建议与对策。      

富马酸及其与甲酸钙复配替代抗生素对川藏黑猪日粮酸结合力及生产性能的影响

试验旨在评价富马酸及富马酸与甲酸钙复配剂取代饲用抗生素对川藏黑猪日粮酸结合力(ABC)及猪生产性能的影响。选用(52.36±9.76)kg左右健康黑猪50头,按体重、性别随机分为5个处理,每处理4重复,分别饲喂无抗负对照、抗生素正对照1(恩拉霉素+硫酸粘杆菌素)、抗生素正对照2(吉他霉素+硫酸粘杆菌素)、0.5%富马酸(FA)、0.5%的富马酸与甲酸钙复配剂产品(FA+CF)日粮。结果表明,与负对照比较,FA及FA+CF极显著降低饲料p H值及饲料ABC值(P=0.00)。28 d饲养试验结果表明,日粮处理的生产性能差异未达统计学显著水平(P≥0.05),但与负对照比较,FA及FA+CF处理日增重分别降低5.7%、3.5%,料重比(FCR)分别上升4.3%、8.4%;而正对照1、2比负对照日增重分别提高8.98%、5.38%,FCR分别降低4.74%、上升1.70%。与负对照比较,FA处理还导致猪腹泻率及腹泻指数显著(P0.05)或极显著(P0.01)上升,FA及FA+CF处理分别降低养殖经济效益16.2%、15.13%。此结果显示,0.5%富马酸及0.5%的富马酸与甲酸钙复配剂不能起到饲用抗生素的促生长作用。     

橄榄多酚类物质研究进展

橄榄是中国传统的药用植物，其中多酚类物质是橄榄重要的功效成分之一。目前，橄榄多酚类物质研究较为 广泛，常用的提取方法包括温浸法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法、超声与微波协同辅助提取法等，分离纯化 后采用液相色谱或液质联用技术鉴定多酚类物质的种类和成分，并对其抗氧化、抗病毒、抗菌消炎、抗癌抑癌、解酒 护肝和提高机体免疫等方面的药理活性进行验证。此外，橄榄多酚类物质合成和代谢分子机理也已经被初步阐释。基 于上述研究报道，本文进一步对橄榄多酚类物质后续研究方向和产业化开发利用前景进行展望。     

Pathogen Analysis of Goat's Respiratory Diseases

To investigate the pathogens of goat's respiratory disease from a goat farm in Guangxi province, the epidemiological investigation, clinic observation, pathological examination, bacterium isolation and identification, biochemical test, PCR and animal experiment test were conducted.The preventive and control measures were taken on the basis of pathogen epidemiological characteristics and drug sensitive test results.The results showed that Mycoplasma, influenza virus and parasite were negative by isolation and culture or PCR, however, two strains of gram-negative bacteria named MS1 and MS2 were isolated from lung.MS1 was identified as Serratia marcescens by biochemical test and 16S rRNA sequencing, which shared 99% nucleotide homology with other Serratia marcescens in GenBank.And MS2 was identified as E.coil by the same methods that shared 99% nucleotide homology with other E.coli in GenBank.Animal experiment showed that two strains could cause death in mice.The drug sensitive tests showed two strains were highly sensitive to spectinomycin, amikacin, kanamicin and neomycin.Kanamycin and dexamethasone were used to treat the sick goats, and achieved good results.