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171.
Charlotte Maria Elisabeth Heyer Sonja Schmucker Katharina Burbach Eva Weiss Meike Eklund Tobias Aumiller Filippo Capezzone Julia Steuber Markus Rodehutscord Ludwig Eduard Hoelzle Jana Seifert Rainer Mosenthin Volker Stefanski 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(4):1185-1197
The present study assessed effects of diets containing varying calcium–phosphorus (CaP) concentration and fermentable substrates on digestibility of diets, intestinal microbiota and immune system using 32 crossbred pigs (initial BW 54.7 kg). In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, pigs were fed either a corn–soybean meal (CSB) or corn–field pea (CFP) diet with either low [‐] (4.4 g Ca/kg; 4.2 g total P/kg) or high [+] (8.3 g Ca/kg; 7.5 g total P/kg; supplemented with monocalcium phosphate) CaP content for a period of 9 weeks. In week 8, blood samples were taken, and at the end of the trial, all pigs were euthanized to collect digesta and mesenteric lymphoid tissue. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P was greater (p < 0.05) for pigs fed the CaP+ and CFP diets than CaP‐ and CSB diets. The myo‐inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) concentration in jejunal digesta was higher (p < 0.05) for CaP+ than in CaP‐ fed pigs. In addition, caecal and faecal InsP5 isomer concentration were greater (p < 0.05) for CSB than CFP diets. In the caecum, gene copy numbers of saccharolytic bacteria, such as Eubacterium rectale and Roseburia spp., as well as SCFA concentration were higher (p < 0.05) for CaP+ than CaP‐ diets. In particular, innate immune cell numbers, such as natural killer cells, dendritic cells, monocytes and neutrophils, were greater (p < 0.05) for CaP+ than CaP‐ fed pigs. Diets high in CaP resulted in higher abundance of potential beneficial bacteria and might promote the first line of defence enhancing the activation of the cellular adaptive immune response, thereby possibly decreasing the risk for intestinal disturbances. These results strongly suggest that both, CaP supply and dietary ingredients differing in fermentability, may beneficially affect gut health through increase in SCFA‐producing bacteria and/or bacteria with anti‐inflammatory properties. 相似文献
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173.
Cardiopulmonary effects and anaesthesia recovery quality in horses anaesthetized with isoflurane and low‐dose S‐ketamine or medetomidine infusions
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174.
The classical treatments for dogs with atopic dermatitis have traditionally been oral antipruritic drugs, allergen-specific immunotherapy and topical therapy. Fifty dogs with atopic dermatitis were included in this multicentred, double-blinded, randomized study to compare clinical response to an 8-week period of feeding one of three commercial veterinary foods marketed for dogs with atopic dermatitis (diets A-C) or a widely distributed supermarket food (diet D). Atopic dermatitis was diagnosed using Willemse's criteria and through the exclusion of differential diagnoses. Fourteen dogs were assigned to diet A and 12 dogs each to diet B, C or D. Flea and tick control using a monthly fipronil spot-on product was administered for a minimum of 4 weeks prior to inclusion in the study and during the study period. Evaluations were made monthly. These included lesion scores, using an established scoring system (canine atopic dermatitis extent and severity index, CADESI-03) and owner evaluation of pruritus level using a visual analogue scale. After 8 weeks on the new diets, there was a significant improvement in CADESI and pruritus scores with diet B (Wilcoxon test, P = 0.043 and paired t-test, P = 0.012, respectively), in pruritus scores with diet A (paired t-test, P = 0.019) and in CADESI scores with diet D (Wilcoxon test, P = 0.037). No significant changes were detected with diet C. Based on the results of this study, in addition to the conventional therapies, changing the diet of dogs with atopic dermatitis may be a useful adjunctive therapeutic measure. 相似文献
175.
Zeugswetter F Hittmair KM de Arespacochaga AG Shibly S Spergser J 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2007,9(3):226-231
Erosive polyarthritis was diagnosed in an 11-month-old neutered male Egyptian Mau-cross cat with concurrent glucocorticoid-responsive dermatitis. Clinical signs, synovial fluid analysis, serological tests and radiographic appearance could not differentiate between immune-mediated and infective arthritis. Mycoplasma gateae was isolated by strictly anaerobic culture of the synovial fluid. Treatment with Enrofloxacin led to a rapid improvement of the cat's condition. Two months later the cat was euthanased because of severe glomerulonephritis and direct Coombs' test positive anaemia, possibly caused by mycoplasma infection. M gateae could not be isolated at post-mortem examination. 相似文献
176.
Rebecca Gilday Danyse Lewis Katharina L. Lohmann 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(1):63-65
Neonatal mastitis is a rare occurrence in the horse. This report documents a case of mastitis caused by an organism within the Streptococcus dysgalactiae group in a 1-week-old Paint filly. 相似文献
177.
Gili Schvartz Tasha Epp Hilary J. Burgess Neil B. Chilton David L. Pearl Katharina L. Lohmann 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(6):575-580
Equine granulocytic anaplasmosis (EGA) and Lyme borreliosis (LB) are an emerging concern in Canada. We estimated the seroprevalence of EGA and equine LB by testing 376 convenience serum samples from 3 provinces using a point-of-care SNAP® 4Dx® ELISA (IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook, Maine, USA), and investigated the agreement between the point-of-care ELISA and laboratory-based serologic tests. The estimated seroprevalence for EGA was 0.53% overall (0.49% in Saskatchewan, 0.71% in Manitoba), while the estimated seroprevalence for LB was 1.6% overall (0.49% in Saskatchewan, 2.86% in Manitoba). There was limited agreement between the point-of-care ELISA and an indirect fluorescent antibody test for EGA (kappa 0.1, PABAK 0.47) and an ELISA/Western blot combination for LB (kappa 0.23, PABAK 0.71). While the SNAP® 4Dx® ELISA yielded expected seroprevalence estimates, further evaluation of serologic tests for the purposes of disease exposure recognition may be needed. 相似文献
178.
The phenotypic analysis of field experiments includes information about the experimental design, the randomization structure
and a number of putative dependencies of environment and design factors on the trait investigated. In QTL studies, the genetic
correlation across environments, which arises when the same set of lines is tested in multiple environments, plays an important
role. This paper investigates the effect of model choice on the set and magnitude of detected root QTL in rice. Published
studies on QTLs for root traits indicate that different results are obtained if varying genetic populations are used and also
if different environmental conditions are included. An experiment was conducted with 168 RILs of the Bala × Azucena mapping
population plus parents as checks under four environmental conditions (low light, low nitrogen, drought and a control environment).
We propose a model that incorporates all relevant experimental information into a composite interval mapping approach based
on a mixed model, which especially considers the correlation of genotypes in different environments. An extensive sequential
model selection procedure was applied based on the phenotypic model, using the AIC to determine an appropriate random structure
and Type 3 Wald F-tests for selection of fixed effects. In a first step we checked whether any of the fixed effects and random
(nested) design effects could be dropped. Secondly, an appropriate covariance structure was chosen for genotype × environment
interaction. In a third step Box-Cox transformations were applied based on residual analysis. We compared profiles of composite
interval mapping scans with and without the inclusion of genotype × environment interaction and the experimental design information.
Some distinct differences in profiles indicate that insufficient modeling of the non-QTL part can lead to an overly optimistic
interpretation of QTL main effects in interval mapping. It is concluded that mixed model QTL mapping offers a reasonable way
to separate environmental and genetic influences in the evaluation of quantitative genes and especially enables a more realistic
assessment of QTL and QTL × environment effects than standard approaches by including all relevant effects. 相似文献
179.
180.