干旱区20个紫花苜蓿品种抗旱性研究

该试验测定了20个苜蓿品种的水势、总含水量、自由水量、束缚水量、束/自比以及渗透调节物质.从植物水分生理与生化方面,测试各品种的抗旱性,并结合产草量、品质进行综合评价.从中选出5～6个抗旱性较强、产草量高、品质较好的苜蓿品种,为干旱区选择适宜的苜蓿品种提供具有实用价值的基础资料.     

丛生竹防霉处理研究

通过选用多种防霉剂,采用不同的处理方法来对丛生竹进行防霉处理,分别进行室内存放1 a后检验和恒温恒湿箱快速检验来判定防霉效果,对几种处理方法的优缺点进行比较,从中筛选出针对不同使用场合处理的优良防霉剂。     

狐狸脑炎病毒的分离鉴定

通过ＭＤＣＫ传细胞从黑龙江某狐场疑似狐狸脑炎病狐的肝脏中分离到对本动物具有较强致病能力的强毒株,定名为ＦＥＶ－Ｈ。经系统鉴定,并与已知国内分离毒株狐狸脑炎病毒ＦＥＶ－８８０１,狐喉气管炎病毒ＦＡＶ－２比较,证实为狐狸脑炎病毒,属犬１型腺病毒（ＣＡＶ－１）。     

糯米糍荔枝果实内源激素与落果的关系

以糯米糍荔枝生理落果期的田间调查和胚胎发育研究为基础,探讨了内源激素与生理落果的关系.结果表明,糯米糍生理落果高峰的主要原因是:第1次因授粉受精不良导致的生长促进类激素尤其是CTK水平过低;第2次与胚乳为胚的发育所利用而消失、IAA和GAs急剧降低有关;第3次与胚的败育造成CTK、GAs和IAA的全面下降有关;第4次发生在假种皮(果肉)迅速生长期,与种皮和假种皮ABA升至高水平有关.此外,还探讨了ABA /(IAA+GAs+CTK)与生理落果的相关性,以及胚囊、珠被和假种皮等果实内部组分内源激素的变化特点.     

‘Plantibodies’: a flexible approach to design resistance against pathogens

Engineering resistance against various diseases and pests is hampered by the lack of suitable genes. To overcome this problem we started a research program aimed at obtaining resistance by transfecting plants with genes encoding monoclonal antibodies against pathogen specific proteins. The idea is that monoclonal antibodies will inhibit the biological activity of molecules that are essential for the pathogenesis. Potato cyst nematodes are chosen as a model and it is thought that monoclonal antibodies are able to block the function of the saliva proteins of this parasite. These proteins are, among others, responsible for the induction of multinucleate transfer cells upon which the nematode feeds. It is well documented that the ability of antibodies to bind molecules is sufficient to inactivate the function of an antigen and in view of the potential of animals to synthesize antibodies to almost any molecular structure, this strategy should be feasible for a wide range of diseases and pests.Antibodies have several desirable features with regard to protein engineering. The antibody (IgG) is a Y-shaped molecule, in which the domains forming the tips of the arms bind to antigen and those forming the stem are responsible for triggering effector functions (Fc fragments) that eliminate the antigen from the animal. Domains carrying the antigen-binding loops (Fv and Fab fragments) can be used separately from the Fc fragments without loss of affinity. The antigen-binding domains can also be endowed with new properties by fusing them to toxins or enzymes. Antibody engineering is also facilitated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A systematic comparison of the nucleotide sequence of more than 100 antibodies revealed that not only the 3′-ends, but also the 5′-ends of the antibody genes are relatively conserved. We were able to design a small set of primers with restriction sites for forced cloning, which allowed the amplification of genes encoding antibodies specific for the saliva proteins ofGlobodera rostochiensis. Complete heavy and light chain genes as well as single chain Fv fragments (scFv), in which the variable parts of the light (V_L) and heavy chain (V_H) are linked by a peptide, will be transferred to potato plants. A major challenge will be to establish a correct expression of the antibody genes with regard to three dimensional folding, assembly and intracellular location.     

棉籽壳对黄萎病菌的抑菌作用和抑菌物质的分析

根据过去观察,棉籽壳有明显抑制黄萎病菌的作用。本试验初步证明这一抑菌物质具有丹宁类物质的某些特性。不同铃龄各部位的抑菌强度总趋势,与用高锰酸钾滴定法测得的丹宁类物质含量趋势一致,即不论大、中、小铃,感病及抗病品种,种壳的抑菌作用均大于胎座。初步认为种壳中较高浓度的丹宁类物质是种子内部带菌率极低的主要原因之一。纯丹宁在棉籽饼粉酒精洋莱培养基中的抑菌作用较供试的其它培养基小,说明此培养基用于种子带菌分离的优越性。棉花枯萎病菌对丹宁的耐受力显著高于黄萎病菌。     

应用灰色关联度分析法综合评价高羊茅品种初探

应用灰色关联度分析法,对2000～2002年本院引进的13个高羊茅品种的适应性鉴定结果进行评估,其评估结果与品种的实际表现基本一致,说明应用关联度分析法综合评价草坪品种是可行的。分析结果:皇后、贝克、上南都的关联系数与理想品种最接近,是种植高羊茅草坪的首选品种。     

保护地番茄新品种苏粉8号的选育

苏粉8号系以GB9736为母本,TM9761为父本配制而成的适合保护地栽培的中熟番茄一代杂种.属无限生长型.果实高圆形,粉红色,果面光滑,果皮厚,耐贮运,品质佳,可溶性固形物含量5.0%,酸甜适中,单果质量200～250 g,产量6 000kg·(667 m2)-1以上.高抗ToMV-0,1株系、叶霉病,抗枯萎病,中抗CMV.已在江苏、山东、四川、浙江等地示范推广逾266.7 hm2.     

套袋对黄金梨果实品质的影响

对黄金梨果实进行了套袋试验表明，供试果袋均能改善黄金梨的果实品质，其中以套小林袋和山东省果树研究所生产的外浅褐内红双层纸袋效果较好，果实外观显著改善，果实硬度为对照的1．26倍；果实可溶性固形物含量略有下降，与对照相比下降0．88～1．06个百分点。     

南疆香梨园生草覆草效应研究

南疆光热资源充足 ,但水资源短缺 ,严重制约了农业的发展。为此 ,连续 5a(年 )对香梨园进行了生草覆草试验。结果表明 ,覆草能显著提高香梨产量和品质 ,5a(年 )间的年均增产幅度为1 5 .2 %～ 65 .3 % ,节水幅度达到 2 8.8%～ 3 6.1 % ,土壤有机质含量增加 2 5 .6%～ 70 .5 % ,速效氮、速效钾和速效磷的含量分别增加 3 9.1mg/kg～ 76.4mg/kg、4.5mg/kg～ 1 8.0mg/kg、2 9.8mg/kg～76.9mg/kg,0～ 3 0cm土层 1 0 .0mm直径总根数增加幅度达到 5 5 .0 %～ 1 2 2 .1 %。经济效益分析表明 ,以苜蓿生草覆草最宜 ,5a(年 )年均增产 75 1 4.3kg/hm2 ,年增收入达到 5 0 0 8.85元 /hm2 ,节水效益达到 5 0 8.5 5元 /hm2 ,省肥效益达到 1 95 0元 /hm2 ,产投比为 5 .67∶1。