巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育问题的探讨

该文通过分析巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育过程中出现的问题,总结出用容器育苗和大田开沟点播相结合来培育接穗,以山桃为砧木嫁接巴旦杏的引种驯化技术.结果表明,容器培育接穗比直接大田点播出苗率、成活率分别提高了10%和15%;巴旦杏与山桃嫁接表现出极好的亲和性,嫁接成活率为90%.     

C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-6 in dogs with pyometra and SIRS

Objective: To determine the frequency of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in canine pyometra and to evaluate the relationship between C‐reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and SIRS. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: Veterinary teaching hospital. Animals: Fifty‐three clinical cases of canine pyometra and 19 healthy control bitches. Interventions: Upon admission to the veterinary hospital, history and physical examination findings, including previously defined clinical SIRS parameters, were documented. Blood samples were obtained for hematology and biochemical tests and for CRP, TNFα, and IL‐6 analysis. The diagnosis of pyometra was confirmed by histopathology of the uterus after ovariohysterectomy. After surgery, clinical SIRS parameters, length of hospitalization, and mortality were recorded. Measurements and main results: Pyometra dogs were grouped as SIRS positive (30/53; 57%) or SIRS negative (23/53; 43%). Logistic regression showed that CRP was the only parameter that significantly related to SIRS apart from the clinical criteria that define this syndrome. The mortality rate was low (2/53; 3.8%), and conclusions regarding association with SIRS could not be drawn. A positive SIRS status, high plasma CRP concentration, and high body temperature were variables that related to increased morbidity reflected by the length of hospitalization. Conclusions: SIRS was seen in 57% of canine pyometra cases and a positive SIRS status showed a positive association with prolonged hospitalization. The mortality rate was low (3.3%) among SIRS positive dogs, indicating that progression to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) rarely occurs in surgically treated cases of pyometra. CRP was associated with SIRS and with prolonged hospitalization. Further studies of plasma CRP may be warranted in canine intensive care cases susceptible to development of SIRS and MODS.     

Risk analysis of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in Korea

The occurrence of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE, so called mad cow diseases) that was first identified in England in 1986 was considered as being limited to only European countries, including England. However, the outbreak in Asia as well as North America since 2001 has amplified the fear that there isn't any nation in the world that is a safe area. In order to assess the risk of BSE outbreak in each country, the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) and EU have respectively established criteria, where OIE has set 5 levels and EU has set 4 levels. The Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) of the European Commission conducted a Geographical BSE Risk(GBR) assessment for 64 nations, such as the United States, etc., as of April 29, 2003. However, as of July 1, 2005, the duty of GBR assessment is expected to be transferred to a newly established body called EFSA (European Food Safety Authority, located in Parma, Italy). As Korea has not undergone a GBR assessment up to now, this study analyzed the risk of BSE outbreak in Korea by reviewing BSE prevention measures, etc., that have been put in place. This study shall be a barometer for estimating the GBR assessment level of Korea.     

Effects of three kinds of calcium activator on the proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells in rats

AIM: To investigate the effects of intracellular free calcium ([Ca²⁺]i) from different resources on the proliferation mediated by mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS: Cultured VSMCs were used in all experiments. Calcium influx was stimulated by angiotension Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ). The release of intracellular calcium stores was induced by inositol trisphosphate (IP₃) and ryanodine (RY). MAPK activity was measured by [γ-³²P]-ATP incorporation MAPK protein expression by western blot, VSMCs proliferation by [³H]-Leucine ([³H]-Leu) and [³H]-Thymidine ([³H]-TdR) incorporation. RESULTS: Compared to the control VSMCs, Ang Ⅱ, IP₃ and RY significantly increased [Ca²⁺]i concentration activity of MAPK and its protein content in VSMCs. The promotion of [³H]-Leu and [³H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs was also observed (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The study indicated that calcium activator-induced increase in the activity and protein content of MAPK was involved in the proliferation of VSMCs, which was closely related to the [Ca²⁺]i concentration but independent to its origin.     

2018年安徽省部分地区A型禽流感流行率横断面研究

为了解安徽省A型禽流感病毒感染情况,2018年4—5月,在安徽省北部、中部和南部7个市,随机选取各类型场点173个,在每个场点内随机采集35份咽喉/泄殖腔和环境拭子样品,使用荧光RT-PCR进行A型、H5亚型、H7亚型流感病毒核酸检测。结果显示：在4个养殖场、3个活禽批发市场和17个农贸市场检出了A型禽流感病毒,场点阳性率分别为2.9%（4/140）、75.0%（3/4）、80.9%（17/21）,未检出H5和H7亚型流感病毒核酸;A型禽流感群体流行率为11.2%（95%CI：6.5%~15.8%）,个体流行率为1.2%（95%CI：0.9%~1.5%）;活禽交易市场内,禽群感染A型禽流感病毒的风险较高（OR=136,95%CI：32.7~549.4）。结果表明,A型禽流感病毒在养殖和交易环节存在一定的污染,而在活禽交易市场的污染更严重,是今后禽流感防控的重点,需继续加强活禽交易市场的管理和消毒灭源工作。     

中国苹果产量预测模型比较分析

提出了一种灰色神经网络模型。该模型结合了灰色GM(1,1)预测模型和BP神经网络2种预测模型的优点,并用此模型对我国的苹果产量进行预测。将GM(1,1)预测模型的预测值作为BP神经网络的输入变量,实际值作为输出变量进行神经网络训练。灰色神经网络模型对2004、2005年苹果产量的预测精度分别为98.11%、98.45%,高于单一的灰色GM(1.1)预测模型或BP神经网络。     

小麦丙氨酸氨基转移酶基因TaAlaAT1的克隆及表达特征分析

 在已构建的受条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici)诱导的小麦非亲和抑制差减杂交(suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH)文库中,筛选到1个与水稻丙氨酸氨基转移酶基因高度相似的表达序列标签(expressed sequence tag,EST),利用电子克隆与RT-PCR相结合的方法,从小麦中获得1个1563bp的cDNA序列,命名为TaAlaAT1。序列分析表明,TaAlaAT1包含1个完整的开放阅读框,长1440bp,推测编码479个氨基酸。该氨基酸序列具有氨基转移酶的保守特征,与水稻、葡萄、大豆、拟南芥、苜蓿等多种植物的丙氨酸氨基转移酶高度相似,其中与水稻的亲缘关系最近。半定量RT-PCR与实时定量PCR结果显示,TaAlaAT1在小麦与条锈菌互作的非亲和组合中总体呈上调表达,在亲和组合中呈下调表达,且在2个组合中的表达差异显著。推测TaAlaAT1参与了小麦对条锈菌的防御反应。     

广东鹤山、东莞莲花山小蛾类（Ⅰ）

对广东省鹤山和东莞莲花山自然保护区的小蛾类昆虫进行调查，计有8科35属43种。其中广东新记录种14种。     

急性感染猪瘟病毒猪体外排毒规律的观察

为研究CSFV感染后在体外的传播途径、排毒规律,针对CSFV基因组设计了一对引物和一条探针,建立了一套CSFV荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)检测方法,并以质粒为标准品得到扩增标准曲线.对18个CSFV阳性质控样本检测全阳性,6个CSFV阴性质控样本检测全阴性,显示良好敏感性和特异性.应用此方法对石门株感染的16头60日龄长白猪和1头阴性对照猪的粪便、尿液、眼分泌物和唾液中病毒含量进行了动态测定,结果表明从感染后第1天到频死前第8天,粪便中均能检测出病毒;尿液和眼分泌物至少能从第3天,唾液从第4天开始检测出病毒,且病毒含量呈增加趋势.本研究对急性感染猪瘟病毒猪体外排毒规律进行了系统研究,为弄清CSFV感染病程、致病机理及临床诊断奠定了重要理论基础.     

河南省肉鸡4株禽传染性支气管炎病毒的分离鉴定及S1基因序列分析

通过病料接种SPF鸡胚和鸡胚尿囊液的RT-PCR鉴定,于2017至2018年从河南省不同发病鸡场分离到4株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV),分别命名为HB/L1/201711、ZMD/L2/201704、SQ/L3/201803、LY/L4/201710,并对4株毒株S1基因进行克隆和序列分析。结果:HB/L1/201711、SQ/L3/201803 S1基因全长1 620 nt,编码540 aa,其裂解位点分别为HRRRR,分属于基因型V、Ⅰ分支;ZMD/L2/201704、LY/L4/201710株S1基因全长1 617 nt,编码539 aa,其裂解位点为RRSRR,属于基因型Ⅱ分支。ZMD/L2/201704与LY/L4/201710分离株核苷酸序列及其推导的氨基酸序列同源性较高,分别为97.6%、95.4%,与另外2株分离株之间核苷酸序列同源性为76.5%、76.8%。4株分离株与国内外参考毒株及疫苗株的氨基酸序列同源性在58.5%~98%之间,具有较大的差异性。其中:ZMD/L2/201704、LY/L4/201710与491型传支疫苗氨基酸同源性较高,可达95.4%、95.9%;SQ/L3/201803与CHI分支参考毒株氨基酸同源性在94.6%~98.9%之间;HB/L1/201711与TWⅠ型毒株2575/98、3468/07有较高同源性,分别为94.8%和93.5%。本研究表明河南省肉鸡鸡群鸡传染性支气管炎病毒基因型相对复杂,推测存在重组与突变。