高效氯氟氰菊酯对东亚小花蝽捕食功能反应的影响

为了研究高效氯氟氰菊酯对东亚小花蝽雌成虫捕食功能反应的影响,比较分析了LC₂₅、LC₅₀、LC₇₅高效氯氟氰菊酯胁迫3日龄东亚小花蝽雌成虫后,对大豆蚜捕食量、寻找效应、猎物密度效应、种内分摊竞争效应和功能反应等的影响。研究表明,对照组与LC₂₅、LC₅₀高效氯氟氰菊酯胁迫的东亚小花蝽成虫受猎物密度效应影响明显,而LC₇₅高效氯氟氰菊酯胁迫的东亚小花蝽成虫受猎物密度效应影响不明显;在药剂浓度为0 mg/L和140 mg/L时,捕食量达到的最大值和最小值分别为12.33和0.83头,寻找效应达到的最大值和最小值分别为0.96和0.10;受不同浓度药剂胁迫的东亚小花蝽成虫对大豆蚜的捕食能力和寻找效应均随着药剂浓度的增加而下降;捕食量随大豆蚜虫口密度增加而增多,种内竞争分摊强度随小花蝽数量增加而增强,平均捕食量降低;在LC₅₀高效氯氟氰菊酯胁迫下,东亚小花蝽成虫捕食作用率方程为E=0.1255P^-0.2956,分摊竞争强度方程为I=0.5401logP^-0.0033。     

Effect of Linc00152 targeting miR-376c-3p on viability,apoptosis and radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of Linc00152 on the viability, apoptosis and radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells. METHODS: RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of Linc00152 and microRNA-376c-3p(miR-376c-3p) in human cervical cancer HeLa cells and SiHa cells, and normal cervical Ect1/E6E7 cells. The cervical cancer HeLa cells with low Linc00152 expression or miR-376c-3p over-expression were established. MTT assay, flow cytometry, colony formation assay and Western blot were used to determine the cell viability, apoptosis, radiosensitivity and related protein expression. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the regulatory relationship between Linc00152 and miR-376c-3p in the HeLa cells. RESULTS: Compared with the Ect1/E6E7 cells, Linc00152 was up-regulated in the HeLa cells and SiHa cells, and miR-376c-3p was down-regulated (P < 0.05). Low expression of Linc00152 or over-expression of miR-376c-3p inhibited the viability of HeLa cells, induced apoptosis, enhanced the radiosensitivity, inhibited the protein expression of cyclin D and Bcl-2, and promoted the protein expression of P21 and Bax (P < 0.05). Linc00152 negatively regulated miR-376c-3p expression in the HeLa cells, and inhibition of miR-376c-3p expression reversed the effect of low expression of Linc00152 on HeLa cell viability, apoptosis and radiosensitivity. CONCLUSION: Linc00152 is highly expressed in the cervical cancer cells. Linc00152 affects the viability, apoptosis and radiosensitivity of HeLa cells by targeting miR-376c-3p, which is a potential diagnosis and treatment target for cervical cancer.     

Resveratrol protects cortical neurons in infant rats with bacterial meningitis through miR-223-3p/NLRP3 pathway

AIM To investigate the protective effect of resveratrol (Res) on cortical neurons in rat bacterial meningitis (BM) model. METHODS Group B hemolytic Streptococcus was injected via the posterior cistern to establish a BM model. Resveratrol was administered intranasally and microRNA-223-3p (miR-223-3p) antagomir was administered by intracerebroventricular injection. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the brain tissue. Loeffler scoring method was used to evaluate the neurobehavioral functions. TUNEL staining was used to detect neuronal apoptosis. The expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The protein levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 were determined by Western blot. The expression level of miR-223-3p was detected by RT-qPCR. Online software TargetScan was used to search for the complementary nucleotide sequences between miR-223-3p and NLRP3 mRNA. RESULTS Compared with sham group, the thickness of meninges in BM model was increased, the neurological score was decreased (P<0.05), and the number of TUNEL positive neurons was increased significantly (P<0.05). Astrocytes and microglia were activated, the fluorescence intensity of IL-1β and IL-18 was increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18 and miR-223-3p were increased (P<0.05). Compared with BM group, after treatment with resveratrol, the neurological score was increased (P<0.05), the number of TUNEL positive neurons was decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the inflammatory response of astrocytes and microglia was suppressed. The fluorescence intensity of IL-1β and IL-18 was decreased (P<0.05), the protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 were decreased (P<0.05), and the expression level of miR-223-3p was increased (P<0.05). A nucleotide sequence in the 3'-UTR of NLRP3 mRNA might be targeted by miR-223-3p. In the brain of rat BM model, compared with antagomir control group, the expression of NLRP3 was increased in miR-223-3p antagomir group with resveratrol treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Resveratrol may reduce the inflammatory death of cortical neurons in BM model of infant rats through miR-223-3p/NLRP3 pathway, thus playing a protective role for the neurons.     

柑橘大实蝇成虫对9种植物提取物的嗅觉反应

为明确对柑橘大实蝇具有引诱或拒避作用的植物精油或挥发物,通过Y形嗅觉仪分别测定柑橘大实蝇雌、雄成虫对橘子精油、橙叶精油、橙花精油、柠檬桉精油、薄荷素精油、栀子花精油、D-柠檬烯、芳樟醇和月桂烯的选择率。结果表明,柑橘大实蝇雄虫倾向于选择橘子精油、橙花精油、D-柠檬烯、柠檬桉精油、栀子花精油,雌虫倾向于选择芳樟醇和柠檬桉精油。柠檬桉精油对柑橘大实蝇雌虫和雄虫均有显著的引诱作用,雌虫对柠檬桉精油的选择率为52.38%,雄虫的选择率也达到了50%。本研究为开发对柑橘大实蝇雌、雄成虫均具有引诱作用的引诱剂提供了一定的理论参考。     

10种除草剂及组合对芨芨草的防效评价

为筛选出对芨芨草具有高效防除作用的除草剂品种及组合,本研究采用茎叶喷雾法分别在芨芨草开花期和平茬(成株芨芨草离地面15 cm刈割)后第3天施药,测定了10种常用除草剂品种和6个除草剂组合对芨芨草的防除效果,获得了"花期茎叶喷施除草剂"和"平茬+喷施除草剂方式"清除芨芨草技术。1)开花期:18%草铵膦AS在有效剂量(下同)405 g/hm~2时,药后7 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达100%;41%草甘膦异丙胺盐AS剂量为922.5 g/hm~2时,药后5 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达87.18%;24%烯草酮EC剂量为216 g/hm~2时,药后15 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达77.03%;18%草铵膦AS 180 g/hm~2+10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵EC 37.8 g/hm~2处理,药后5 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达91.30%。2)平茬后:18%草铵膦AS、41%草甘膦异丙胺盐AS均药后5 d见效,30 d鲜重防效均大于87%;30%苯唑草酮SC剂量为22.5 g/hm~2时,药后5 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达85.97%;24%烯草酮EC剂量为144 g/hm~2时,药后7 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达88.21%;15.8%精喹禾灵EC剂量135 g/hm~2时,药后7 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达85.26%;12.5%烯禾啶EC 112.5 g/hm~2+15.8%精喹禾灵EC 15.8 g/hm~2处理,药后5 d见效,30 d鲜重防效达97.97%。     

重庆市不同规模灌区农灌水有效利用系数测算与对比研究

通过对重庆市不同规模灌区农田灌溉用水有效利用系数计算结果的比较研究,对出现的中型灌区农田灌溉用水有效利用系数大于小型灌区的结果进行合理性分析,并为重庆市农田灌溉用水有效利用系数的进一步提高,提出相关建议,为政府相关部门的科学决策提供参考.综合考虑重庆的地形、气候、土壤等因素.根据选定灌区的实测数据,采用首尾测算法计算2017年重庆市不同规模灌溉农田灌溉水的有效利用系数,采用单因素和主成分分析法,分析影响农田灌溉水有效灌溉系数的主要因素. 1)通过测算, 2017年重庆市中型灌区农田灌溉水有效利用系数为0.499,小型灌区为0.487,推算全市为0.495; 2)在影响农田灌溉水有效利用系数的主要因素中,当地的节水工程和管理状况所占的比例大于自然因素; 3)中型灌区在节水工程的投资、管理和维护等方面均优于小型灌区; 4)自然因素中,降水量对农田灌溉水有效利用系数具有一定的负面影响.     

硅对水稻生长的影响及其缓解镉毒害机理研究进展

为研发高效硅肥和防治农田镉污染提供借鉴资料,本文综述了施加硅肥对水稻生长发育的影响,包括提高水稻产量和品质,增强抗倒伏、抗病虫害及干旱等逆境的能力,尤其是增强抗镉毒害等能力。并从生理学机制和土壤学机制两方面重点分析了施加硅肥对缓解镉毒害作用的可能机理。生理学机制方面：硅通过参与水稻的生理代谢活动,使水稻抗氧化系统酶的活性和清除自由基的能力增强;抑制镉的吸收及其在水稻体内的运输;硅与镉在水稻体内的螯合和区隔作用。土壤学机制方面：硅肥改变土壤理化性质,降低土壤中有效态镉的含量;硅镉吸附沉淀作用,减少水稻对镉吸收。最后针对硅肥的开发利用及技术推广提出展望。     

秸秆复合有机酿热物对大棚土壤环境的影响

为解决黑龙江省早春大棚土壤温度低及设施土壤环境恶化问题,以‘千禧’番茄为材料,研究秸秆+牛粪(NGH)、秸秆+马粪(MGH)、秸秆+羊粪(YGH)、单一秸秆(JG),以未进行反应堆技术为对照(CK),对早春大棚‘千禧’番茄土壤温度、土壤理化性状、酶活性及微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,各处理降低了土壤pH,提高了土壤温度、土壤EC、碱解氮、速效钾、有机质含量及土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性。经过秸秆生物反应堆处理的20 cm土层温度有明显的提升,其中秸秆+羊粪处理在反应启动后提升土壤温度效果最好;秸秆+羊粪(YGH)处理提高了土壤速效磷含量,是对照的2倍;秸秆+羊粪(YGH)处理土壤中4种酶活性均处于最高水平,分别比对照提高了91.9%、220%、18.5%、7.3%。各处理微生物多样性指数均显著高于对照,变化规律一致为秸秆+羊粪(YGH)>秸秆+牛粪(NGH)>秸秆+马粪(MGH)>秸秆(JG)>对照(CK);秸秆+羊粪(YGH)及秸秆+牛粪(NGH)处理对糖类、氨基酸类、酯类、醇类、胺类、酸类6类碳源的利用能力最强,显著高于其他处理和对照。应用主成分分析和聚类分析方法将大棚番茄土壤分为4个等级,秸秆+羊粪(YGH)处理为第一级,秸秆+牛粪(NGH)处理为第二级,秸秆+马粪(MGH)及单一秸秆(JG)处理为第三级,对照(CK)为第四级。应用秸秆复合有机酿热物生物反应堆促进了土壤环境的改善,以秸秆+羊粪(YGH)作为复合有机酿热物效果最佳。     

粘性Cahn-Hilliard方程的高精度线性化差分方法

讨论粘性Cahn-Hilliard方程的高精度线性化差分方法.利用降阶法对粘性Cahn-Hilliard方程建立三层线性化紧差分格式.用离散能量分析法证明差分格式的唯一可解性及在L_∞-范数下的收敛性,其收敛阶为时间方向二阶、空间方向四阶.最后,通过数值算例验证了差分格式的理论结果.