A case of canine multiple inflammatory colorectal polyps treated by endoscopic polypectomy and argon plasma coagulation

Endoscopic polypectomy and argon plasma coagulation (APC) were performed in a refractory case of inflammatory colorectal polyps in a 7-year-old male Miniature Dachshund. Colonoscopic examination revealed a large sessile polyp and multiple diffuse small polyps, localized to the descending colon and rectum. The case showed a poor therapeutic response to prednisolone and cyclosporine. Under anesthesia, piecemeal resections were performed by polypectomy. APC was carried out to cauterize the polyp remnants. After treatment, reduction of the lesions and the improvement in clinical signs were observed, without recurrence of lesions for at least 10 months. Endoscopic treatment by polypectomy and APC is suggested to be a therapeutic option for refractory cases of inflammatory colorectal polyps in dogs.     

Antihypertensive Effects of IGTGIPGIW Peptide Purified from Hippocampus abdominalis: p-eNOS and p-AKT Stimulation in EA.hy926 Cells and Lowering of Blood Pressure in SHR Model

The aim of this study was to assess the potential hypertensive effects of the IGTGIPGIW peptide purified from Hippocampus abdominalis alcalase hydrolysate (HA) for application in the functional food industry. We investigated the antihypertensive effects of IGTGIPGIW in vitro by assessing nitric oxide production in EA.hy926 endothelial cells, which is a major factor affecting vasorelaxation. The potential vasorelaxation effect was evaluated using 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate, a fluorescent stain. IGTGIPGIW significantly increased the expression of endothelial-derived relaxing factors, including endothelial nitric oxide synthase and protein kinase B, in EA.hy926 cells. Furthermore, oral administration of IGTGIPGIW significantly lowered the systolic blood pressure (183.60 ± 1.34 mmHg) and rapidly recovered the diastolic blood pressure (143.50 ± 5.55 mmHg) in the spontaneously hypertensive rat model in vivo. Our results demonstrate the antihypertensive activity of the IGTGIPGIW peptide purified from H. abdominalis and indicate its suitability for application in the functional food industry.     

A comparison of two intramuscular doses of xylazine–ketamine combination and tolazoline reversal in llamas

The anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of a low dose (LD, 0.4 mg kg^?1 xylazine and 4 mg kg^?1 ketamine) and a high dose (HD, 0.8 mg kg^?1 xylazine and 8 mg kg^?1 ketamine) of IM xylazine–ketamine combination were compared in a randomized cross‐over study using six castrated male llamas. Three llamas in each dosage group (LDT, HDT) were assigned to receive IM tolazoline (2 mg kg^?1) after 30 minutes of recumbency. All IM injections were given in the semitendinosus or semimembranosus muscles. Pulse, respiratory rate, and indirect arterial blood pressure were recorded every 10 minutes, and hemoglobin oxygen saturation was recorded every 5 minutes during lateral recumbency. Samples for arterial blood gas analysis were collected 5 minutes following recumbency and every 30 minutes thereafter. Base‐to‐apex ECG was monitored continuously. Analgesia was evaluated every 5 minutes by both a 30 minutes skin pinch and a needle prick of the toe. Most llamas breathed room air throughout anesthesia. Two llamas that developed severe hypoxemia (SpO₂ < 75%) received 5 minutes of nasal oxygen insufflation, but were maintained on room air for the rest of the anesthetic period. anova for repeated measures and Tukey's test were used to analyze cardiorespiratory data. Fischer's exact test was used to compare the ability of each to provide >30 minutes of lateral recumbency and analgesia. A p‐value < 0.05 was considered significant. Both dosages provided reasonably rapid induction following injection (LD: 10.8 ± 6.3 minutes; HD: 5.0 ± 1.1 minutes; p = 0.07). Duration of lateral recumbency and analgesia were 34.7 ± 6.7 and 27.3 ± 4.6 minutes, respectively, in the LDT llamas. None of the three remaining LD llamas remained in lateral recumbency for longer than 12 minutes. Duration of lateral recumbency and analgesia were 87.3 ± 18.5 and 67.7 ± 16.0 minutes, respectively, for the HD llamas that did not receive tolazoline. The HDT llamas were recumbent for a significantly shorter time (43.3 ± 0.6 minutes; p = 0.05). The ability to provide >30 minutes of recumbency and analgesia was better in the HD group (6/6) than in the LD group (2/6) (p = 0.03). No differences between dosages were seen in pulse rate, respiratory rate, or arterial pressures. No ECG abnormalities were seen. Transient hypoxemia was seen in the first 10 minutes of lateral recumbency in the HD group by both hemoglobin oxygen saturation (84 ± 9.5%) and by blood gas PaO₂ (44.5 ± 5.8 mm Hg). It was concluded that the HD provided more consistent results than the LD, but induced transient hypoxemia. Tolazoline shortened the recovery time in llamas receiving the HD.     

小菜蛾生物学研究——生活习性的观察

十字花科蔬菜是杭州的主要蔬菜,占当地蔬菜总面积的56.68%。近年来,由于小菜蛾(Plutella xyloslella L.)为害猖獗,影响生产。作者认为要有效地防治小菜蛾,首先要弄清它的生活习性,但这方面国内报道甚少,因此,对小菜蛾的生活习性进行如下观察研究。     

Quantitative structure-activity study of herbicidal N-aryl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides and related cyclic imides

The quantitative relationship between structure and inhibitory activity against the root growth of sawa millet of 30 N-aryl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides and 88 related N-aryl cyclic imide compounds (3-aryl-1,5-tetramethylenehydantoins, 4-aryl-1,2-tetramethylenetriazolidine-3,5-diones, and their thiocarbonyl analogs) was analyzed by means of physicochemical parameters of the aryl substituents and regression analysis. The results showed that, in each series of these classes of compounds, the position-specific steric effects of aromatic substituents, as represented by Verloop's STERIMOL values, are highly important in determining the inhibitory potency of the compound.     

西红柿黄顶病的初步研究

黄頂病在广州地区发生已有30—40年,过去只是零星发生,为害不大。但自1959年开始則发生普遍,1959年发病率为5—7％,1960年为9—17％,1961年为30—50％,1962年减少至2—3％,1963年又較严重发生,大面积的番茄也几乎全部感染,而且发病早,損失很大。本病在各种品种上的病状特点是:感病后植株顶叶叶色褪綠乃至黄化,叶片变小,叶面皺縮,中部稍凸起,边緣多向下或向上卷曲;严重时,整个叶片呈“棒状”,病株矮化,不定枝丛生。但在薯叶型的品种如“Karlik”上的病状特点則是:顶部     

Physiological Indices of Maricultured Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 in Istria,Croatia: Seasonal and Transplantation Effect

Transplantation of mussels to new aquaculture sites is currently being undertaken in Istria (Croatia) to increase production, minimize potential seasonal urban contamination, and secure safer seafood products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of season and transplantation on physiological indices (condition index and meat yield) of mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were obtained from five aquaculture areas in Istria (central Lim Bay, Ra?a, Budava, Vabriga, and Pomer) and moved to a reference site in inner Lim Bay from April to July. Results showed that both season and transplantation affected physiological indices of mussels. Higher physiological indices were found in cultivated mussels from all areas in summer compared to spring, except in mussels from Vabriga and Pomer. In addition, higher physiological indices were found in mussels transplanted from central Lim Bay to the reference site in inner Lim Bay. Transplantation negatively affected physiological indices of mussels from Vabriga and Pomer, with no change in mussels from Ra?a and Budava. In conclusion, mussels from all areas exhibit satisfactory commercial results (≥15%) during the peak summer harvesting season. For most transplanted mussels, transplantation itself represents additional stress, bringing into focus adaptation processes, stock genetics, and favorable ecological conditions.     

Towards a model predicting cutting forces and surface quality in routing layered boards

The general aim of work reported here was to assist designers and operators of routers and similar tools for cutting wood-composite boards, by providing a model predicting cutting force components from readily available material properties. This initial study explored, for edge cutting, the variation within a single medium density fibre board across the thickness and in various cutting directions in the plane of the board. Material properties of interest were specific gravity and friction coefficient. In slow linear cutting on a modified milling machine, carbide router inserts cut the edges of layers cut from a medium density fibre board. Specific gravity and coefficient of sliding friction were measured for each layer. Cuts were also made on full-thickness edges in various directions in the plane of the board. Chip thickness was varied from 0.025 to 0.8 mm. Parallel and normal force data and digital video images of chip formation were stored for analysis. Specific gravity increased as the fourth power of the distance from the central plane to the surface. Friction coefficient values, estimated both from cutting forces and from rubbing forces during return, varied about a value of 0.23, with no significant difference between layers. The values for cutting force per mm width of cut increased progressively from the central plane to the surface, in a logarithmic relation with specific gravity. The cutting forces did not vary with cutting direction in the plane of the board. For a sharp edge with 32° rake angle cutting at chip thickness values above 0.1 mm, the normal force component was negative, indicating reduced feed force and improved surface quality. With dulling, the threshold value of chip thickness for this increased. It is concluded that elaboration of this approach would generate relationships suitable for incorporating in a useful general model. However, it may be found that weight per unit area of board will suffice as a proxy for cutting resistance in modelling the cutting of full-thickness edges. Received 10 June 1999     

Isolation of lignin from spruce by acidolysis in dioxane

Summary Acidolysis of spruce wood (Picea abies) corresponded to a pseudo-first order reaction mechanism. While anhydrous methanolis a better medium for wood acidolysis than anhydrous dioxane, after addition of 10% water dioxane became about twice as effective as methanol. The results are discussed in terms of acidity functions (H), solubility parameters and condensation effects. Infrared spectra of dioxane lignins showed a similar re-arrangement of side chain carboxyl groups from to position, as was observed previously during acidolysis in methanol.     

High level expression of biologically active canine interferon-alpha subtype 4 using a baculovirus

In this study, a high amount of bioactive recombinant canine interferon-alpha subtype 4 (CaIFN-alpha4) was expressed in a baculovirus system. For easy purification, it was expressed as a CaIFN-alpha4 bearing histidine hexamer at the C-terminal region, designated CaIFN-alpha4His. CaIFN-alpha4His was detected in culture supernatants of insect cells infected with the recombinant virus using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyarcylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining. The level of expression was very high, and approximately 1 mg of purified protein, with 5.0 x 10(7) units/mg, was obtained from 300 ml of culture supernatant. The purified product showed antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus on canine tumor cell line A72 and chicken embryo fibroblast cells.