日粮添加LA和DHA对乳脂脂肪酸含量及比值的影响

本试验选用带有永久性瘤胃、十二指肠和回肠瘘管的泌乳荷斯坦奶牛4头,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,研究日粮添加亚油酸(LA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对乳常规组成、消化道各段食糜pH以及乳脂脂肪酸构成的影响.试验结果表明:添加LA和DHA不影响乳蛋白和乳糖含量(P>0.05),而添加DHA有显著降低乳脂含量的趋势(P>0.05);日粮共同添加LA与DHA能提高十二指肠前消化道的pH,但差异不显著(P>0.05),而单独添加DHA显著降低了回肠的pH(P<0.05);日粮单独添加DHA增加乳脂中C23:0脂肪酸的含量,但并不降低乳脂中总饱和脂肪酸量.与对照组相比,LA与DHA共同添加使乳脂中总多不饱和脂肪酸增加了100%(P<0.05).LA与DHA共同添加使乳脂中饱和脂肪酸/不饱和脂肪酸由3.18降低至1.24(P<0.05).添加DFIA使乳脂中总单不饱和脂肪酸/多不饱和脂肪酸由5.94降低至3.00(P<0.05).上述研究结果表明,日粮添加LA和DHA可改变乳脂中脂肪酸的组成和比例,有利于人体健康,但DHA使产奶量有一定程度的降低.     

DNA直接导入法获得烟草新品系

为解决烟草栽培品种香气品质低下的问题,选用香料烟品种Ti245、高密度腺毛品种Ti1068、浓香型品系6251为供体,将三者总DNA混合后经花粉管通道导入烟草栽培品种K326;后代产生了广泛变异,经过连续3年的选育,获得了优良品系K809。与受体K326相比,K809田间农艺性状优良、叶片腺毛密度增加、香气物质含量大幅度提高,评吸结果表明香气品质得以改善;RAPD分子检测发现,K809含有来源于受体和供体的所有片段,一些片段仅与某供体特异同源,表明供体Ti245、Ti1068、6251的某些DNA片段在K809基因组中进行有效了整合,并且对烟叶的香气品质具有积极作用。     

精准定时输精对后备母猪早期胚胎发育与繁殖性能的影响

为探讨精准定时输精(fixed-time artificial insemination,FTAI)对后备母猪早期胚胎发育和繁殖性能的影响,试验1选取自主培育的金乌猪后备母猪43头,随机分为2组,其中,对照组24头,为自然发情,观察后人工配种(artificial insemination,AI);试验组19头,为精准...     

不同品种甜瓜果实成熟过程中香气物质动态分析

研究不同甜瓜品种果实成熟过程中香气物质成分。采用顶空固相微萃取技术(HS-SPME)提取不同品种甜瓜果实成熟过程中的香气成分,用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行测定分析。4个甜瓜品种在花后25 d(未成熟时期)的芳香物质以醛类和醇类物质为主。花后30 d的果实是一个醛类和醇类物质向酯类物质转化的时期。花后35d是甜瓜果实的成熟期,香气成分以酯类物质为主,仅有少量的醛类和醇类物质。4个甜瓜品种在果实成熟期共有的芳香物质有6种,均为酯类物质,分别是乙酸己酯、乙酸苯甲酯、乙酸异丁酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸-2-甲基丁酯、2,3-丁二醇双乙酸酯和十四酸异丙酯;它们特有的香气物质以及特征性酯类种类和含量均不同,这些差异是不同甜瓜品种的香气类型不同的原因,从而构成了各品种甜瓜特有的典型性香气。     

Inducible nitric oxide synthase and arterial pressure regulation

AIM and METHODS:To clarify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of blood pressure,in the present study, we examined the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of iNOS on the hemodinamical response of Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and Dahl salt-resistant (DR) rats to low (0.3%) or high (8%) sodium chloride (NaCl) infusion by chronical in vivo hemodynamic experiment, and the effect of NaCl or NaCl plus AG infusion on urinary nitrate (NO₃)/nitrite (NO₂), the end product of nitric oxide (NO), excretion by Greiss Reaction. Furthermore, NOS activity assay was also carried out to probe the effect of NaCl and AG on calcium-dependent or independent NOS activity in renal tissue. RESULTS:1. High or low NaCl-infused DR rats and low NaCl-infused DS rats have no hemodinamical response to AG, however, the hypertensive effect of high NaCl (8%) infusion on DS rats were greatly amplified by co-infusion of AG. 2. Administration of high NaCl significantly elevated the iNOS activity of renal tissue, and greatly increased urinary NO₃/NO₂ excretion. CONCLUSION:Inducible NOS is an important modulator of arterial pressure, especially in case of higher blood pressure.     

Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on endotoxin -induced fever in rabbits

AIM:To investigate the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on endotoxin -induced fever in rabbits. METHODS:Test substances were administered intravenously into a marginal ear vein. Temperature responses were measured using rectal thermistor probes. RESULTS:Endotoxin (0.4 μg/kg) stimulated a biphasic rise in colonic temperature. Pretreatment with dimethyl sulfoxide significantly attenuated the biphasic febrile response to endotoxin (0.4 μg/kg) of conscious rabbits in a dose-dependent manner. Rabbits treated with dimethyl sulfoxide 10 min after injection of endotoxin developed fever, which was significantly milder compared with rabbits treated with an equal volume of normal saline. No significant differences were found between thermal response index of rabbits injected with dimethyl sulfoxide and those with normal saline. CONCLUSION:Dimethyl sulfoxide inhibit endotoxin-induced fever in rabbits.     

Progress in roles of MNX1 antisense RNA 1 in malignant tumor

MNX1 antisense RNA 1 （MNX1-AS1） is a newly discovered long non-coding RNA （lncRNA）, which is highly dysregulated in various carcinomas and its expression level is closely related to the overall survival and prognosis of patients. MNX1-AS1 regulates the occurrence and development of carcinomas by endogenous competitive adsorption of miRNA, regulating cell cycle, inducing epithelial mesenchymal transformation and activating multiple signaling pathways. The in-depth study of the carcinogenesis of MNX1-AS1 is useful for the early diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of relevant carcinomas. This article reviews the roles of MNX1-AS1 in malignant tumor.     

电控喷油器流量性能检测试验装置

设计的电控喷油器性能测试装置,可有效检测喷油器的主要性能指标,为提高发动机燃油动力性、经济性以及降低排放提供了技术支持。检测试验证明,该测试装置具有效率快、精度高、性能稳定的特点,具有实际应用价值。     

50年黑龙江省大豆遗传改良的产量及品质变化

本研究针对黑龙江省过去50年推广的大豆品种产量及品质变化进行研究。结果表明,品种推广年代与产量之间表现显著的线性回归关系,产量呈逐年增加的趋势,平均每年提高1．27％。产量的提高与英数、英粒数、粒数及收获指数密切相关,而与百粒重关系不大。经过50年的遗传改良,大豆蛋白质和脂肪含量变化不大,且品种间变异幅度较小。R2期（盛花期）叶氮含量、单株叶氮量、比叶氮及LAI（叶面积指数）与产量及品质关系不大,但此时期干物质重与产量里负相关关系,生育前期的干物质积累对产量的贡献不大。     

母乳活性成分对婴儿免疫健康的影响研究进展

母乳被公认为婴儿营养的“黄金”标准和婴儿的最佳食物,由于母乳中多种生物活性成分的存在,使其为婴幼儿提供除营养外的其他益处,如免疫保护。本文综述母乳活性成分乳铁蛋白、母乳低聚糖、核苷酸、1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯和益生菌对婴儿免疫健康的影响,同时对市售11个产品的婴儿配方乳粉可选择性成分进行分析,为婴儿配方乳粉可选择性成分的选择提供理论依据。