DM423菌粉制剂在兽医临床上的应用

菌粉制剂和复合酶制剂是安全高效的饲料添加剂,既能提高饲养动物的生产性能又能起到保健作用,对动物细菌性腹泻,有较好的预防和治疗效果。人们对抗生素可能导致的耐药性及药物残留,有了高度的重视。动物微生物制剂和复合酶制剂具有无毒副作用、无残留、无环境污染的特点,在动物生产中,能减少发病,预防治疗动物细菌性腹泻,促进生长发育。所以,减少抗生素的使用,有利于保护生态环境。从1999年开始,笔者在门诊治疗奶牛细菌性腹泻时,开始使用DM423菌粉制剂,这一新的疗法,取得了很好的治疗效果,由此,对成年奶牛和奶牛犊细菌性腹泻进行了推广应用。     

辽西地区主要造林树种抗旱性的研究

辽西地区属于半干旱季风气候区,年平均温度为7.1—8.2℃,年降水量为400—600mm,年蒸发量为1600mm,为降水量的3—4倍。干燥是该区总的气候特点。该区的植物群落主要为旱生的森林灌丛或草本植物群落,针叶树建群种为油松,阔叶树为蒙古栎,元宝槭,黄榆;灌木主要为荆条和酸枣。土壤是在各种岩石风化物残积母质上,以及黄土、红土母质上发育的淋溶褐土和褐色性土,土壤干旱瘠薄。水分是这一地区限制造林树种成活及生长的主要因子,本文试图通过对树种抗旱性的测定和分析,确定树种的抗旱能力,从而为辽西地区的造林提供树种选择的依据。     

锥—46抑制[^3H]次黄嘌呤掺入伊氏锥虫核酸的研究

用液体闪烁计数法对锥—46的抗锥虫作用的机理做了初步研究。发现T-46与Berenil很相似,均可显著抑制[~3H]次黄嘌呤掺入伊氏锥虫,抑制作用与浓度及时间呈正相关。T-46和Berenil对DNA合成的IC_(60)分别为1.33和1.73μg·ml~(-1)。本实验还提示T-46抗锥虫作用可能与损伤DNA模板有关。     

热敏电阻冰点仪法测定生鲜牛乳中冰点的研究

利用热敏电阻冰点仪法测定生鲜牛乳中的冰点,对该方法的重复性、灵敏度以及掺水掺盐对生鲜牛乳冰点值的影响等方面进行了研究.此方法的检测极限值为2.4 m℃.     

Multiple amino acid substitutions are involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice

To explore adaptation of avian influenza virus to mice we previously performed serial lung-to-lung passages of the influenza A/Chicken/Jiangsu/7/2002 (H9N2) strain, resulting in the isolation of a variant influenza strain lethal for mice. We now report that virulence correlates with improved growth characteristics on mammalian cells and extended tissue tropism in vivo. Sequencing of the complete genomes of the wild-type and mouse-adapted viruses revealed 25 amino acid substitutions. Some were found to reiterate known substitutions in human and swine H9N2 influenza isolates. Functions affected include nuclear localization signals and sites of protein and RNA interaction, while others are known determinants of pathogenicity and host specificity such as the viral polymerase PB2 E627K substitution. These observations suggest that enhanced growth characteristics and modified cell tropism may contribute to increased virulence in mice. We conclude that multiple amino acid substitutions are likely to be involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice.     

蜜蜂的泌蜡与造脾

一、泌蜡造脾与饲料的关系 蜜蜂的泌蜡造脾和蜜蜂所获得的饲料多少成正比。只有在蜂群内饲料充足、外界蜜粉源稳定、不断有新鲜的花蜜和花粉大量进入蜂群时,蜜蜂才会在巢内筑建大量的巢房,蜜蜂蜡腺才会泌蜡。蜂群这一独特性状是在大自然中不断进化而成的,为的是充分节约巢内贮备饲料。     

从动物毛中提取DNA研究初探

利用蛋白酶Ｋ分解毛发蛋白，并使用酚和氧仿除去蛋白质杂质方法提取毛中ＤＮＡ。结果测量获得的数据和曲线表明：动物脱落毛发以及从保存多年标本获得的毛发均可用来提取到具有一定纯度和数量的ＤＮＡ，完全可以满足聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）所需。     

我国行政扑杀行为的行政法考量——以私权保护为视角

动物疫情大规模暴发时,对一定范围内的动物进行扑杀是各国通行的做法。行政扑杀是政府行使行政权的表现,权力行使不当会损害相对人的合法权益。我国《动物防疫法》等法律法规中有行政扑杀行为的具体规定。行政扑杀行为是即时性强制行为。行政法应从合法性原则、正当程序原则、比例原则、充分补偿原则四个方面对行政扑杀行为进行规制。行政相对人对政府的行政扑杀行为,可以通过行政复议和行政诉讼进行救济。政府应对扑杀行为的具体做法加以改进,以促进社会和谐。     

Effects of dietary lipid levels on lipid deposition and activities of lipid metabolic enzymes in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus)

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, lipid deposition and activities of lipid metabolic enzymes in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus). Four isonitrogenous (300 g/kg crude protein) experimental diets containing graded levels of lipid (25, 55, 85 and 115 g/kg) were randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 180 juvenile fish. Fish were fed twice daily for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the growth performance and proximate composition of fish were determined. The activities and gene expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) were assessed as well. Fish fed the diets with 55 and 85 g/kg lipid had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher body weight gain than those fed the diets with 25 and 115 g/kg lipid. The whole-body and liver lipid contents were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated with increasing dietary lipid levels. Moreover, the activities and mRNA abundances of LPL and HSL in the liver, dorsal muscle and fat tissues were markedly altered by dietary lipid levels. Our data demonstrate a profound influence of dietary lipid levels on the growth and lipid deposition in hybrid tilapia, which is likely associated with the regulation of lipid metabolic enzymes including LPL and HSL.     

藏山羊乳主要营养成分及乳酶、乳清蛋白的研究

本文研究了分布于西藏和四川地区的藏山羊乳蛋白、乳糖和乳脂含量,并对乳中4种酶活力及乳清蛋白的组成进行了研究。结果表明:藏山羊乳中3种营养成分存在一定的地区差异,脱脂乳中乳酸脱氢酶,碱性磷酸酶,γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、乳过氧化物酶活力分别为81.9±37.8、7.7±3.5、437.4±93.0、532.7±202.6单位。乳过氧化物酶在体外可被10~(-5)M的硫氰酸根或乳酸根活化。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳可将乳LDH分出LDH_1、LDH_2和LDH_3三带,各带所占百分比例分别为50.6±4.5、31.6±4.2和17.8±3.3,提示乳LDH不是来源于血液。用SDS—PAGE可将乳清蛋白分出5条区带。