Association Analysis Between Polymorphism of IGF1 Gene and Growth Traits in Rabbit

This study was aimed to analyze the association of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene polymorphisms with growth traits in rabbit. The technology of DNA pooling, PCR-SSCP and direct sequencing were used to detect the SNP of IGF1 gene. The results showed that T365C was detected in IGF1 gene exon 3 of rabbit. The SNP (C/T) was devised into three genotypes:TT, TC and CC. The relationships between genotypes and growth traits revealed that the birth weight and the weight at 28 days of age in New Zealand rabbit of TT genotype of T365C locus were significantly higher than TC and CC genotypes (P<0.05), the birth weight, the weight at 90 days of age and average daily gain form birth to 90 days of age in Belgian rabbit of TT genotype of T365C locus were significantly higher than TC and CC genotypes (P<0.05), there were no significant difference of the growth traits in other rabbit breeds (P>0.05).The consequence indicated that IGF1 gene was primarily deduced to be a potential major gene or linked to major gene effecting the growth traits of rabbit, and this SNP (T365C) might be a candidate molecular genetic markers to improve the growth traits of rabbit.     

苏云金芽孢杆菌YJ-2000菌株对家蚕安全性和杀虫活性的评价

应用时间-剂量-死亡率模型就苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)YJ-2000菌株对6种鳞翅目昆虫的杀虫活性作了初步评价。该菌株对家蚕基本无毒性,而对蔬菜害虫小菜蛾、菜粉蝶,水稻害虫三化螟、二化螟,桑树害虫桑螟幼虫均有不同程度的毒性,其中对小菜蛾和菜粉蝶的毒性最强;幼虫死亡率可高达100％。该菌株是对家蚕安全而对其它鳞翅目害虫具杀虫活性的特异性菌株,有望用于养蚕地区桑园及其邻近作物的鳞翅目害虫防治。     

日粮中添加芽孢杆菌制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能及养分利用率的影响

研究旨在探讨日粮中添加芽孢杆菌制剂对黄羽内鸡生长性能及养分利用率的影响.将375羽黄羽肉鸡随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复25只鸡,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅱ～V组分别在基础日粮中添加150 g/t、200 g/t、250 g/t和300 g/t芽孢杆菌制剂,试验分为7～28日龄和29～56日龄两个阶段,共49 ...     

水牛小腔卵泡分离方法的初步研究

本研究比较了不同的分离方法和酶作用的不同时间,以及不同的卵巢表面状态等因素对水牛小腔卵泡分离效果的影响,以期建立有效的水牛小腔卵泡分离体系。结果发现,采用机械与酶结合的方法分离水牛小腔卵泡时,平均每个卵巢获得5.64个小腔卵泡,显著高于机械法分离平均每个卵巢获得的3.12个小腔卵泡数(P＜0.05);当胶原蛋白酶作用12或15 min,每个卵巢平均获得的小腔卵泡数均显著高于5和10 min处理组(P＜0.05),两组之间没有显著差异(P＞0.05),但当消化时间延长到20 min时,卵泡膜被酶消化而破裂,没法分离到小腔卵泡;从表面小于2 mm卵泡且无黄体的卵巢分离获得的小腔卵泡平均数显著高于表面无可见卵泡且有黄体的卵巢组的平均数(7.50和2.25,P＜0.05)。以上结果表明,选用表面无小于2 mm卵泡且无黄体的卵巢,采用机械与酶结合的方法,酶作用时间为12~15 min分离水牛的小腔卵泡,可获得的小腔卵泡数量最多。     

温度和pH值对嗜热毛壳菌木聚糖酶活性影响的研究

本试验采用DNS法,分别在温度为20．100℃,pH值2．4—7．2的条件下,研究了不同温度和pH值对嗜热毛壳菌木聚糖酶活性的影响。结果表明：温度在20—50℃时,木聚糖酶的活性随温度的升高而线性增强,40-60℃表现较高的水平,70—100℃活性逐渐稳定,并维持在20℃时的活性水平。说明动物体温为40℃左右时,木聚糖酶能表现出较高的活性;在制粒温度范围内,80℃热处理与未处理组木聚糖酶的活性比较损失不大,说明其在制粒工艺过程有一定的优势;在pH值3．6以前,随着pH值的增大,木聚糖酶的活性逐渐升高;pH值为3．6时,木聚糖酶的活性最高;且在3．2-4．4范围内木聚糖酶的活性维持较高浓度,说明消化道中食麇从胃的酸性环境转化成十二指肠后段碱性环境的过渡时期,木聚糖酶能表现出较高的活性,有利于促进其对底物的降解,从而提高营养物质的消化吸收。本研究得出：嗜热毛壳菌木聚糖酶在40-60℃表现较高的水平,实验室条件下的100℃以内的加热不会导致酶活性的严重损失。维持嗜热毛壳菌木聚糖酶活性的适宜的pH值范围为3．2—4．4。     

家畜毛色形成分子基础及应用研究进展

动物毛色是一种容易被识别的表型,也可作为筛查某些疾病的有效手段。毛色主要由黑色素细胞产生的真黑色素和棕黑色素的分布、比例和产生速率所决定。许多基因对黑色素的产生和分布起着重要调控作用,各基因间的不同基因型形成多种基本毛色、淡化毛色和花斑。此外,miRNA靶向结合毛色主效基因mRNA,诱导抑制/增强其转录翻译过程,从而调控毛色基因的表达,影响黑色素合成。文章简述了家畜调控毛色的主效基因黑色素皮质素受体1（MC1R）、野灰位点信号蛋白（ASIP）、原癌基因（KIT）、酪氨酸酶关联蛋白（TYRP）、小眼畸形相关转录因子（MITF）和内皮素受体B（EDNRB）的DNA序列多态性（不同基因型）与毛色性状、疾病之间的关系;介绍了毛色形成相关miRNA挖掘鉴定、miRNA调控毛色相关基因研究进展与毛色基因研究应用价值,旨在为今后研究家畜毛色机理提供理论依据。     

小反刍兽疫病毒双抗原夹心时间分辨荧光免疫测定方法的建立

通过优化大肠埃希菌密码子、优化表达条件等方法,在大肠埃希菌表达系统中成功获得了可溶性的N蛋白与NH融合蛋白。进一步基于纯化的可溶性N蛋白与NH融合蛋白建立了小反刍兽疫病毒双抗原夹心时间分辨荧光免疫测定方法。该方法敏感性高,特异性强,能够特异性的检测羊血清中的小反刍兽疫病毒抗体,与其他相关疫病病原无交叉反应;重复性试验组内与组间变异系数均小于10%。对292份临床血清样品进行检测,与法国IDVET竞争ELISA试剂盒比较,阳性样品符合率为92.47%,阴性样品符合率为97.26%,总的符合率为94.86%。该方法与传统的ELISA方法相比,具有敏感性、特异性相当,操作简单、快速,具有较高的推广应用价值。     

Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Test on Rats of a New Kind of Antidiarrheal Chinese Herbal Medicine Compound Preparation for Livestock

In order to understand the security of a new kind of antidiarrheal Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation for livestock,acute and sub-chronic toxicity test were conducted.Acute toxicity test used the largest drug dose method,20 Wistar rats were orally treated with the Chinese medicine compound preparation.In the sub-chronic toxicity test,80 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 20 rats in each group and orally given a dose of 3 000,1 500,750 and 0 mg/(kg·BW）of Chinese medicine compound preparation once a day for 30 days.The general clinical status was observed,rats weight were measured and the dose was adjusted every week during the test,after the test measured blood routine index,biochemistry index,and preceded the gross anatomy observation,weighing each major organs and calculated the viscera coefficient,and proceded main viscera histopathological observation between the high dose group and the control group.The acute toxicity results showed that every rat would be alive gavaged with the lethal dose（LD₅₀）of compound preparation larger 5 g/(kg·BW).The sub-chronic toxicity autopsy showed that except heart,lung,and testicles in individual rats appeared mild bleeding in the high dose group,the other dose group organs found no abnormal change.The haematological index showed except mononuclear cell rate（P<0.05),and hematocrit declined significantly（P<0.05）in the high dose group,all the indexes of the other groups were in the normal range,there was no significant difference from the control group.The test suggested the Chinese medicine compound preparation was no toxicity under the condition of this test according to acute toxicity classification standard of exogenous chemicals by WTO,there was no effect on the growth and development of rats in the sub-chronic toxicity test,and there was no chronic toxicity at least 1 500 mg/kg feeding conditions in short-term repeated application.     

使用球虫消杀剂预防鸡球虫病的效果试验

本试验旨在得到球虫消杀剂在临床使用时的合适浓度.选择球虫发病较严重的鸡舍进行试验,分别用1∶ 25、1∶ 50和1∶ 100的球虫消杀剂消毒,密闭作用24 h,以不用球虫消杀剂处理的鸡舍作为对照,每种处理设两个重复.结果表明:1∶ 25和1∶ 50处理组料肉比与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05),1∶ 100处理组与对照组相比差异不显著(P≥0.05);球虫消杀剂各浓度处理组死亡率均小于对照组;1∶ 25和1∶ 50处理组在出栏时垫料中检出少量卵囊,但远低于对照组.各浓度球虫消杀剂处理组病变记分均小于平均值,而对照组处于平均值和高于平均值.结果提示,1∶ 50球虫消杀剂对球虫卵囊有着良好的杀灭作用.