GS洛旱2号适宜生态类型区灰色布局分析

为了确定GS洛旱2号适宜推广种植区域,采用作物品种灰色布局原理与方法,对其在黄淮冬麦区的适宜生态类型区进行了研究,为大面积推广提供科学依据,并分析了品种灰色布局原理与方法的可行性。结果表明,洛旱2号适宜推广种植的区域为以宾州、长武、鹤壁、临沂、洛阳、嵩县、渭南、郑州为代表的生态类型区。作物品种灰色布局原理与方法改善了传统品种布局仅考虑产量因素的局限性,在指导大区域品种布局时更宜适用。     

野生老芒麦种质资源鉴定与基部叶鞘绒毛变异分析

为更好地利用老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus L.)野生资源,本研究从我国青藏高原、西北、华北、东北地区以及国外部分地区共采集了1 723份野生披碱草属种质资源,通过表型特征观测和流式细胞仪检测,共鉴定出了990份野生老芒麦种质,246份垂穗披碱草种质,并测得老芒麦的DNA含量在5.86～7.30 Gb之间,平均DNA含量为6.66 Gb;垂穗披碱草材料的DNA含量在9.50～10.36 Gb之间,平均DNA含量为9.97 Gb。研究结果显示,在西北、华北以及东北地区的部分野生老芒麦材料在苗期基部叶鞘出现了绒毛,分析发现该表型出现的概率与经度和纬度呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与海拔、年年均气温以及年平均降雨量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)。表明老芒麦苗期基部叶鞘绒毛的有无与环境因子之间存在着必然的联系,可能是老芒麦种质应对不同环境类型的适应性机制之一。本研究为老芒麦的形态鉴定提供了新的依据,为老芒麦种质资源挖掘和育种应用提供了材料基础。     

不同屠宰活重豫西黑猪的营养成分及肉质特性分析

【目的】探讨豫西黑猪营养成分及肉质性状在不同体重阶段的发育性变化规律。【方法】选取平均体重约为60、75、90、105、120 kg 5个体重阶段的豫西黑猪,每组5头,共25头,每组随机选取3头进行屠宰,公母随机。屠宰后取背最长肌测定眼肌面积、背膘厚、脂肪率、失水率、脂肪酸、氨基酸和胆固醇等指标,测定肌内脂肪含量、脂滴直径和脂滴数目,采集100 g腰大肌测定熟肉率。【结果】豫西黑猪在体重达到120 kg之前,随着屠宰活重的增加,眼肌面积、背膘厚、脂肪率、熟肉率、肌内脂肪含量、肉色、剪切力、脂滴数目和脂滴直径均随之增加。眼肌面积在105、120 kg时均极显著高于60、75 kg(P<0.01),显著高于90 kg(P<0.05);背膘厚在90、105、120 kg时均极显著高于60 kg(P<0.01);肌内脂肪含量在90、105、120 kg时均显著高于60、75 kg(P<0.05);脂滴直径和脂滴数目在75、90、105、120 kg时均显著高于60 kg(P<0.05);脂肪酸中饱和脂肪酸以肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸等为主,不饱和脂肪酸以棕榈油酸、油...     

不同生育阶段燕麦对干旱胁迫的响应

设中度干旱(MD,土壤田间最大持水量的55±5％)、重度干旱(SD,土壤田间最大持水量的35±5％)两个处理,研究干旱胁迫对温室盆栽燕麦不同生育阶段(苗期、分蘖期、拔节期)的生长性状、叶绿素荧光参数以及根系形态的影响.结果表明,与正常供水(CK)相比,干旱胁迫处理均显著(P<0.05)降低了燕麦苗期、分蘖期、拔节期3个...     

兔巴氏杆菌和波氏杆菌多重PCR检测方法的建立

参考GenBank中兔巴氏杆菌16SrRNA和波氏杆菌的fim2的基因序列,应用Premier 5.0软件在二者高度保守区设计了2对引物,建立了适合巴氏杆菌和波氏杆菌快速检测的多重PCR检测方法。以该方法对巴氏杆菌和波氏杆菌参考菌株进行PCR扩增,分别能从各自的基因组中扩增出与试验设计相符的644bp和425bp的特异性DNA片段。将扩增所得的DNA片段进行克隆测序,测序结果表明分别为巴氏杆菌16SrRNA和波氏杆菌fim2基因序列。该方法对波氏杆菌的检测下限为4×102 CFU,对巴氏杆菌的检测下限为6×101 CFU。对兔源性沙门菌、葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、魏氏梭菌扩增结果为阴性。表明所建立的RT-PCR检测技术具有特异、快速和敏感的特点,可用于鉴别诊断兔巴氏杆菌和波氏杆菌以及2者混合感染。     

家鸡(Gallus domesticus)和鹌鹑(Coturnix coturnix)染色体核型及G带比较分析

采用外周血淋巴细胞培养法和胰酶处理法，对家鸡和鹌鹑染色体的核型和G带进行了研究。结果表明，家鸡和鹌鹑染色体数目均为2n=78，但染色体的形态存在明显差异，主要表现在NO．1、NO．4、NO．6、NO．8和Z染色体上。NO．1染色体，家鸡为m型，而鹌鹑为sm型；NO．4、NO．6、NO．8和Z染色体，家鸡分别为sm、sm、m、m型，而鹌鹑全为t型。G带分析结果显示，家鸡和鹌鹑的G带差异主要反映在NO．1、NO．2染色体上，这可能是由于臂间倒位所致。     

胸腺素α_1对墟岗黄鸡免疫器官组织学结构的影响

本试验研究了不同剂量的胸腺素α1(Tα1)对墟岗黄母鸡免疫器官指数和组织学结构的影响。结果表明:0.015mg/kg体重剂量的Tα1可显著提高鸡免疫器官指数,可使胸腺皮质增宽,髓质胸腺小体数和胸腺细胞数增加;脾脏胸腺依赖区和法氏囊依赖区细胞增殖;高剂量Tα1则引起法氏囊髓质局部细胞变性和坏死。     

塔里木河生态环境演变及整治途径

在以农业为主的生产方式下 ,塔里木河生态环境演变是绿洲与沙漠同时扩大 ,而处于两者之间的自然林地、草地、野生动物栖息地和自然水域不断缩小 ,也即荒漠与绿洲之间过渡带缩小 ,这主要是由于人类活动改变了区域水量平衡、水盐平衡和生态平衡造成。塔里木河整治应实行治理上游、改造中游、拯救下游 ;合理利用水资源 ,使上、中、下游相对平衡 ;保护自然植被使下游绿色走廊得以恢复     

水产饲料环保特性评价体系的初步构建

利用筛绢吊篓、烧杯、水浴锅等,于实验室内模拟水产养殖生产条件,分别测定了20℃和30℃水温下豆粕、鱼粉入水后的干物质溶失率、粗蛋白溶失量以及水质化学耗氧量、氨氮含量,对这两种蛋白饲料原料的环保特性进行了比较和评估,进而以设备条件、测定方法、测定指标等为主要内容,初步构建了水产饲料环保特性的评价体系。     

The Effect of Gender on Slaughtering Performance and Meat Quality in Sunite Sheep

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of gender on the slaughter performance and meat quality of Sunite sheep.Twelve 6-month-old Sunite rams and ewes at the same body condition were selected from the grazing herds of the Sunite Zuoqi Improvement Station Breeding Farm to determine their slaughter performance and meat quality.The slaughter test results showed that the bone quality and bone-meat ratio of the rams were significantly higher than that of the ewes (P<0.05),and the net meat quality and net meat rate of the ewes were significantly higher than that of the rams (P<0.05).The results of meat quality traits showed that the drip loss of ewes were significantly lower than that of rams (P<0.05),and the other indicators were not significantly different (P>0.05).The results of conventional nutrient composition of muscles showed that the intramuscular moisture content of the rams were significantly higher than that of the ewes (P<0.05),and the intramuscular fat content of the ewes were significantly higher than that of the rams (P<0.05),while the other indicators were not significantly different (P>0.05).The results of amino acid determination showed that the essential amino acid ratio in muscle of sunite ewes were significantly higher than that of rams (P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the rams and ewes that formed the precursor amino acid content of meat flavor (P>0.05).Fatty acid measurement results showed that the saturated fatty acid ratio in the subcutaneous fat of rams was significantly lower than that of ewes (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the ratio of saturated fatty acids in muscle fat and tail fat (P>0.05);The ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids in ewes tail fat was significantly higher than that of rams (P<0.05).The ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids in subcutaneous fat and intermuscular fat was not significantly different between rams and ewes (P>0.05).The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids in intermuscular fat of rams was significantly higher than that of ewes (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in subcutaneous fat and tail fat (P>0.05).In summary,it showed that gender had a certain influence on the slaughter performance and meat quality of 6-month-old Sunite sheep.