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61.
Arai T. Hashimoto K. Muzutani H. Kawabata T. Sako T. Washizu T. 《Veterinary research communications》1999,23(4):203-209
The plasma concentrations of fructose, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) were measured in dogs and cats. Changes in these concentrations were investigated in dogs by an intravenous fructose tolerance test (IVFTT) at a dose of 0.1 g/kg body weight. Fructose concentrations in the plasma of dogs were significantly higher than those of cats. There was no significant difference in plasma glucose concentrations between dogs and cats. Plasma FFA concentrations decreased and TG concentrations increased after feeding in both dogs and cats. During the IVFTT, the plasma fructose concentrations in the dogs increased rapidly to a peak by 2 min and then decreased to half of the peak by 5 min after the administration of fructose. Administration of fructose resulted in an increase in the plasma TG concentrations and reduced plasma FFA concentrations in the dogs. Only 4% of the administered fructose was detected in the urine of dogs following IVFTT. Plasma fructose was considered to be rapidly absorbed and metabolized in both dogs and cats. However, as with glucose metabolism, there appear to be some differences in fructose metabolism between dogs and cats. 相似文献
62.
Detection of canine herpesvirus DNA in the ganglionic neurons and the lymph node lymphocytes of latently infected dogs. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M Miyoshi Y Ishii M Takiguchi A Takada J Yasuda A Hashimoto K Okazaki H Kida 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(4):375-379
To determine the site of latent infection of canine herpesvirus (CHV), tissues from dogs convalescent from acute infection with CHV were examined for the presence of viral genome DNA by the nested polymerase chain reaction. CHV DNA was detected in the trigeminal ganglia and the retropharyngeal lymph nodes. In situ hybridization study of the tissues revealed that CHV genome persisted in the nuclei of ganglionic neurons and lymphocytes. 相似文献
63.
Satoshi Hashimoto Kenichi Ueno Kenichi Takahashi Toshiyuki Suzuki Yutaka Itabashi 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(3):529-536
Photosensitivity was observed in the mice used in bioassays of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. The mice were intraperitoneally
injected with the extracts from the midgut glands of cultured scallops Patinopecten yessoensis gathered in early spring in Funka Bay, Hokkaido, Japan. The injections induced atypical symptoms in the mice within 24 h.
The symptoms included piloerection, substantial eye discharge, swelling of the ears and head, and ear scratching. They were
similar to those reported in studies of photosensitivity caused by pyropheophorbide in the midgut glands of abalones, which
are herbivorous gastropods. The problematic scallops also accumulated a large amount of pyropheophorbide-a. The amount determined with high-performance liquid chromatography was 300–530 μg per 1 g of the homogenate of the midgut
glands. The dose of pyropheophorbide sufficient to cause photosensitivity in a mouse is estimated to be 0.99–2.3 mg per mouse
with 20-g body weight. Moreover, comparative tests in mice showed that the onset of the symptoms required light and a substantial
amount of pyropheophorbide. Therefore, we determined that the observed symptoms were photosensitivity caused by pyropheophorbide.
Scallops, which are suspension-feeding bivalves, can accumulate a large amount of pyropheophorbide in the midgut glands depending
on the habitat environment. 相似文献
64.
Takeshi Yamamoto Kazuhisa Teruya Takashi Hara Hiroto Hokazono Isao Kai Hiroshi Hashimoto Hirofumi Furuita Hiroyuki Matsunari Keiichi Mushiake 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(3):697-705
We evaluated the nutrient contents of rotifers sampled from larval-rearing tanks (tank rotifers) without water exchange during
the seed production of amberjack Seriola dumerili at three facilities (Kamiura, Kagoshima, and Miyazaki) and compared them with the nutrient contents of freshly enriched rotifers.
Compared to the enriched rotifers, the lipid contents, especially neutral lipids and proportion of 22:6n-3, tended to decrease
in the tank rotifers. These trends were clearer at Miyazaki where the tank rotifers were sampled before daily supplementation
of microalgae (Nannochloropsis). Crude protein content of the tank rotifers did not decrease markedly although the proportion of lysine tended to decrease.
Vitamin C and E contents of the tank rotifers decreased significantly only at Miyazaki. Calcium content of the tank rotifers
increased at Kamiura and Miyazaki, and the increases in iron and manganese contents of the tank rotifers at Miyazaki and zinc
content at Kagoshima were pronounced. These results suggest that the nutritional value of rotifers in larval-rearing tanks
without water exchange can be maintained by appropriate supplementation of microalgae. The effect of certain minerals that
became high in tank rotifers on subsequent larval development requires further investigation. 相似文献
65.
Kazuhito Ichii Weile Wang Hirofumi Hashimoto Feihua Yang Petr Votava Andrew R. Michaelis Ramakrishna R. Nemani 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2009,149(11):1907
Accurate determination of rooting depths in terrestrial biosphere models is important for simulating terrestrial water and carbon cycles. In this study, we developed a method for optimizing rooting depth using satellite-based evapotranspiration (ET) seasonality and an ecosystem model by minimizing the differences between satellite-based and simulated ET. We then analyzed the impacts of rooting depth optimization on the simulated ET and gross primary production (GPP) seasonality in California, USA. First, we conducted a point-based evaluation of the methods against flux observations in California and tested the sensitivities of the simulated ET seasonality to the rooting depth settings. We then extended it spatially by estimating spatial patterns of rooting depth and analyzing the sensitivities of the simulated ET and GPP seasonalities to the rooting depth settings. We found large differences in the optimized and soil survey (STATSGO)-based rooting depths over the northern forest regions. In these regions, the deep rooting depths (>3 m) estimated in the study successfully reproduced the satellite-based ET seasonality, which peaks in summer, whereas the STATSGO-based rooting depth (<1.5 m) failed to sustain a high ET in summer. The rooting depth refinement also has large effects on simulated GPP; the annual GPP in these regions is increased by 50–100% due to sufficient soil water during the summer. In the grassy and shrubby regions of central and southern California, the estimated rooting depths are similar to those of STATSGO, probably due to the shallow rooting depth in these ecosystems. Our analysis suggests that setting a rooting depth is important for terrestrial ecosystem modeling and that satellite-based data could help both to estimate the spatial variability of rooting depths and to improve water and carbon cycle modeling. 相似文献
66.
Hiroyuki Matsunari Hiroshi Hashimoto Takashi Iwasaki Kentaro Oda Yoshitsugu Masuda Hitoshi Imaizumi Kazuhisa Teruya Hirofumi Furuita Takeshi Yamamoto Kazuhisa Hamada Keiichi Mushiake 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(5):815-821
The effect of feeding rotifers enriched with taurine on the growth performance and survival of larval amberjack Seriola dumerili was investigated. Rotifers were enriched with a commercial taurine supplement at four levels (0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/l). The larvae were fed the enriched rotifers in triplicate from 3 days post-hatch for 7 days under static conditions. The average taurine contents of the rotifers were 1.5, 2.7, 4.2, and 7.2 mg/g dry matter, respectively. The growth of the fish fed rotifers enriched with the taurine supplement at 800 mg/l was significantly (P < 0.05) improved compared with that of the fish fed the rotifers without taurine enrichment. The survival rate improved proportionally up to a taurine supplement level of 400 mg/l, but no significant differences in survival were observed among treatments. The fraction of the larvae with inflated swim bladders did not vary significantly between treatments. Taurine content in the whole fish body increased with the taurine level in the rotifers. These results suggest that taurine enrichment of rotifers is an effective method of enhancing the growth of amberjack larvae. 相似文献
67.
Hiroyuki Matsunari Hiroshi Hashimoto Kentaro Oda Yoshitsugu Masuda Hitoshi Imaizumi Kazuhisa Teruya Hirofumi Furuita Takeshi Yamamoto Kazuhisa Hamada Keiichi Mushiake 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1696-1705
The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the growth performance, survival and swim bladder inflation of larval Seriola dumerili during the rotifer feeding period was investigated in two feeding experiments. Amberjack larvae at 3 day post hatching were fed rotifers enriched with (1) freshwater C hlorella (Chlo), (2) a mixture (2:1, v/v) of Chlo and DHA‐enriched C hlorella (DHA‐Chlo), (3) DHA‐Chlo and (4) DHA‐Chlo and commercial DHA emulsion, in triplicate for 7 days. The average DHA contents of the rotifers were 0.0, 0.4, 1.0 and 1.9 mg g?1 DM respectively. The survival rate was improved by the enrichment of rotifers with DHA‐Chlo alone, and DHA‐Chlo and emulsion. Growth and swim bladder inflation of fish fed rotifers enriched with DHA‐Chlo were significantly (P < 0.05) improved, however, with increased levels of DHA further improvement was not found. DHA content in the larval whole body proportionally increased with the DHA level in the rotifers. These results suggest that DHA enrichment of rotifers is effective to improve the growth, survival rate and swim bladder inflation of amberjack larvae. The DHA requirement of amberjack larvae is estimated to be 1.5 mg g?1 on a dry matter basis of rotifers. 相似文献
68.
Toshisuke Maruyama Fumikazu Noto Kazuo Murashima Iwao Hashimoto Keiu Kitada 《Paddy and Water Environment》2010,8(3):293-300
A nitrogen balance study was carried out by setting up a test paddy in order to estimate the nitrogen pollution load potential
(NPLP) from farmland in the Tedori River Alluvial Fan Areas and the load from the entire area under consideration was estimated
using the cropping record and fertilizer application rate (FAR). The total NPLP was estimated to be 261 tons/year and the
load from the paddy 79 tons/year for 5,704 ha, which would translate to an intensity of 14 kg/ha, while the load from the
vegetable field was estimated to be 118 tons/year for 215 ha, which would equate to an intensity of 549 kg/ha. The pollution
loads for the vegetables were significantly greater than those for the rice. The load for the barley was 57 tons/year for
261 ha (216 kg/ha) and that for the orchards was 23 tons/year for 64 ha (359 kg/ha). The estimation of soybean load was a
negative 15 tons/year for 717 ha (−21 kg/ha), which meant that the nitrogen in the yield was greater than the FAR. The results
also confirmed the yield absorption ratio in relation to the FAR. The load from the paddy for the entire area was also estimated
using the percolation rate and the water quality load underneath the farmland was estimated to be 89 tons/year. 相似文献
69.
70.
Yaser Hosny Elewa Mohammad Hafez Bareedy Ahmed Awad Abu Al Atta Osamu Ichii Saori Otsuka Tomonori Kanazawa Shin-Hyo Lee Yoshiharu Hashimoto Yasuhiro Kon 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(6):557-567
Previously, the distribution of myoepithelial cells (mecs) in the salivary glands was studied by both immunohistochemistry,
and transmission electron microscopy; however, little was elucidated concerning their morphological features, especially in
goats. This study was performed to investigate the correlation between the cytoarchitecture of the mecs in goat major salivary
glands (parotid, mandibular, and sublingual glands) and the nature of the saliva secretion. The cytoarchitectural features
of the mecs were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as immunohistochemically. The secretory
endpieces in the parotid gland are of the pure serous type, but in both the mandibular and sublingual glands they are of the
mixed type. In all studied glands, the intercalated ducts were covered by mecs which, unlike the large stellate cells that
surrounded the secretory endpieces, were spindle-shaped with few cytoplasmic processes. Interestingly, the mecs were found
to bulge on the basal surfaces of the serous acini and intercalated ducts in all glands and to be in close contact to the
seromucous tubules surface in the mandibular and sublingual glands forming a continuous network around it. In conclusion,
the differences in the degree of development of the mecs as well as the number of their cytoplasmic processes may be correlated
with the nature of the secretion and the number of the secretory granules. Thus these observations may have some relevance
in the diagnosis of atrophy and pathogenic conditions of these glands. 相似文献