鄱阳湖重金属污染对畜牧业的危害及防治

鄱阳湖是我国最大的淡水湖,是具有世界影响的重要湿地。2009年12月12日,建设鄱阳湖生态经济区正式上升为国家战略,这是江西省经济社会区域发展千载难逢的一大机遇。但同时,由于鄱阳湖生态经济区特殊的地理位置和复杂的水质来源,造成鄱阳湖区域重金属污染程度也日益严重,给各种生物赖以生存的生态环境带来了极大的考验。文章就鄱阳湖生态经济区重金属污染现状做一总结,分析其对鄱阳湖生态经济区畜牧业生产的危害,并提出改善和治理鄱阳湖生态经济区重金属污染的方法和措施,为各级政府、环保机构、科研院所及相关行业政策的制定、技术改造和科研取向提供参考借鉴。     

G1高速公路绿色廊道植物系数对比研究

以G1京哈高速京秦段k250+800-k259中北戴河互通区和路侧边坡的油松、红叶李、高杆金叶榆、连翘、迎春5种植物为研究对象,利用当地气象数据,运用Penman-Monteith公式计算参照作物蒸散量;分别测定土壤剖面含水量、田间持水量和径流量,运用公式计算植物系数,探讨植物的需水量。结果表明:(1)整个生长期,参照作物蒸散量由低到高,再到低,呈单峰型变化,6月达到峰值,为187.9 mm,而10月达到最低值,仅为55.6 mm。(2)5种植物平均植物系数大小排序为红叶李>连翘>高杆金叶榆>迎春>油松,植物需水能力反之。红叶李、连翘、迎春和油松在路侧边坡的植物系数均低于互通区,说明这4种植物对外界土壤含水量有较高的敏感度;高杆金叶榆在2个区域的植物系数无差别,说明敏感度低,对外界土壤含水量的变化适应能力也更强。     

Molecular Cloning,Sequence Analysis and Tissues Expression Profile of Part of Mink Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) Genes

The present study was aimed to explore the potential role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the mink immunity, and accumulate alternative genetic material for the mink breeding for disease-resistant.Four pairs of primers were designed according to ferret TLR sequences in GenBank to obtain the sequences of TLR genes (TLR4, TLR6, TLR7 and TLR8) of mink and then performed bioinformatics analysis of these sequences.In addition, the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 genes in various tissues in young and adult minks were analyzed by RT-PCR. Sequence homology analysis showed that mink had higher homology with carnivora (ferrets, polar bear, panda, walrus, seals, dog, tiger and cat) which had the nearest perimeter in the phylogenetic tree.Tissue expression analysis showed that TLR4 and TLR7 were widely and differently expressed in variety tissues of mink.Interestingly, the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 in young mink were much higher than that in adult mink.     

美国扩大农产品出口的新战略分析

2010年初美国提出五年内使出口翻番、创造200万个就业机会的目标,并连同美国商务部推出"国家出口倡议"(National Export Initiative),农业出口是该倡议的重要组成部分.根据美国农业部在2010年3月5日提出的新战略中,美国将根据各国在农产品贸易连续体中的位置来分类,从而制定"量体裁衣"式策略,以便向不同国家增加出口.本文探讨了美国扩大农产品出口的背景,重点分析了2010年美国对世界各个市场所采取的市场新战略以及扩大农产品出口的战略措施,并为中国扩大农产品出口提出了几点启示及建议.     

秸秆覆盖与镇压对小黑麦生长状况的影响

以小黑麦作为研究材料,通过设置5种不同的秸秆覆盖与镇压处理,在小黑麦的各个生长期对其进行生理指标的测定,研究秸秆覆盖与镇压对小黑麦鲜重和干物质重、株高、次生根、叶片数的影响.试验结果表明:5种处理下小黑麦的生长状况呈现出了:A4＞ A3＞ A＞ A1＞ A5.而且A4处理下小黑麦的生长状况明显大于其他各组处理下小黑麦的...     

Revelation of Rural System of Medical Services in BRICS to China

In recent years, the great achievements of basic medical and healthcare services of BRICS have gained great attention and acknowledgement from the whole world. In their medical system reform, India, Br...     

柞蚕幼虫黄体色与白体色的遗传分析及类胡萝卜素组成比较

为深入探讨柞蚕幼虫体色多样性的形成机制,分析柞蚕品种豫大1号(黄体色)和白一化(白体色,略带黄色)幼虫体色的遗传规律,并比较二者在体壁类胡萝卜素组成上的差异.杂交试验发现,F1的幼虫体色为黄色,F2有黄色和白色两种表型,且分离比符合3∶1;回交BC1(F1×豫大1号)均为黄色,而BC1(F1×白一化)则有两种表型,即黄色和白色,分离比符合1∶1.遗传分析表明,豫大1号的基因型为YYGG,白一化的基因型为YYgg,豫大1号的黄体色对白一化的白体色属于完全显性遗传.代谢组学分析发现,豫大1号中的类胡萝卜素含量(10.259μg/g)远高于白一化(1.167μg/g);白一化体壁中的叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素和玉米黄质含量远小于豫大1号.综上认为,体壁中类胡萝卜素的缺乏是导致白一化形成白体色的原因之一.     

山西桑树轻简化收获技术试验简报

为保持树势,增加桑树产叶量,同时为减少采叶用工量,减轻劳动强度,采取春蚕期重剪梢,夏蚕期截条收获,中秋蚕改春出扦为秋出扦,实行全年条桑收获法。试验结果表明,晋南蚕区单位面积产叶量增产19.2%~21.1%,晋东南蚕区增产14.4%~15.4%,采叶功效提高了40.5%。     

Cotton Research Center,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100, China

During the long process of evolution, plants have adapted to their environments through the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (SM) using the acetate-malonate pathway, mevalonic acids pathway, or shikimic acid pathway, leading to resistance to different pests. As a major cash crop, cotton can produce many secondary metabolites with insecticidal activity, and show self-defense mechanisms under biotic stress conditions. These characteristics of cotton ensure reduced pest incidence and maintenance of ecological balance. This paper discusses the types of SMs, their synthesis, and insect resistance of cotton secondary metabolites in relation to their defense function. We propose possible pest-control strategies using secondary metabolites in cotton.