Nitrogen-fixing anabaena: physiological adaptations instrumental in maintaining surface blooms

Both laboratory and in situ studies indicate that the nitrogen-fixing blue-green nuisance algae Anabaena spp. have developed adaptive means of dominating surface lake waters. During the dramatic diurnal shifts in surface light intensity and oxygen saturation accompanying blooms, Anabaena can overcome oxygen toxicity by sequential optimization of carbon dioxide and nitrogen fixation and by pigment alteration. These mechanisms allow optimal utilization of the radiant energy while minimizing competition for photoreductant between two main energy-demanding processes.     

Serum lipase determination in the dog: a comparison of a titrimetric method with an automated kinetic method

An enzymatic, kinetic method for determining serum lipase activity was evaluated and compared to a standard manual method for use in dogs. The kinetic method was a commercial kit adapted for use on a tandem access clinical chemistry analyzer and utilized a series of coupled enzymatic reactions based on the hydrolysis of 1,2-diglyceride by lipase. The manual method was the Cherry-Crandall technique based on the titration of base against the acid formed by hydrolysis of an olive oil substrate by lipase. The correlation between the two methods was very good (r = 0.94). The reference range for 56 clinically healthy dogs assayed by the kinetic method was 90 to 527 U/L. Diseases associated with a greater than twofold elevation in serum lipase activity as determined by the kinetic method included pancreatitis, gastritis with liver disease, and oliguric renal failure with metabolic acidosis. In some cases, pancreatitis was seen with other clinical problems, such as gastroenteritis, diabetic ketoacidosis, duodenal mass, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and septic peritonitis. Diseases associated with serum lipase activity within the reference range or elevated less than twofold included gastritis, gastric ulcer, cholestasis, phenobarbital-induced hepatopathy, colitis, copper hepatopathy, abdominal hematoma, apocrine gland adenocarcinoma, and thrombocytopenia with pneumonia.     

我国选育的梨早熟品种及其血缘分析

梨树同一早熟品种在不同地区栽培,其成熟期存在差异,同一早熟品种随着栽培地自北向南推移,其成熟期也相应提前,一般纬度每相差1度,成熟期提前约3天.目前,我国梨成熟期通常以梨的成熟时间作为判断标准,成熟时间早即为早熟品种,成熟时间晚即为晚熟品种.     

TFSQ型高效环保组合式粮食杂质清理筛的研制

通过对振动筛理、垂直风选、旋风分离与沉降系统的研究,研制出集振动筛理、风选、旋风分离沉降、含尘气流循环再利用为一体的TFSQ型高效环保组合式粮食杂质清理筛。经应用测试和专家鉴定:该设备具有清理效率高、清理过程粉尘污染小,使用维护方便、可靠性强等优点,具有广阔的市场推广前景。     

南阳烟区不同基因型烤烟的理化性质和产、质量分析

为筛选出适宜南阳地区种植的烤烟品种,对9个不同基因型烤烟的物理性状、化学成分、中性致香物质含量和经济性状进行了分析。结果表明:参试基因型烤烟烟叶的填充值、叶片厚度、拉力以及抗张强度均在适宜的范围,CF202和优选1号的烟叶平衡含水率较小。离子云烟85的叶片厚度较大。同一地区不同基因型烤烟的绝大多数化学成分在适宜范围内;8302、CF202和CF205的氮碱比和糖碱比比较适宜,Y041、云烟202和NK4的钾氯比相对较大。不同基因型烤烟的致香物质总量表现为CF205Y041CF2028302Y017优选1号NK4云烟202离子云烟85。CF202、CF205、Y041和NK4的产量、产值较高,CF202、CF205和Y041上等烟比例和均价较高。综合分析认为,适合在南阳种植的烤烟品种为CF202、CF205和Y041。     

Cardiac evaluation of anesthetized Grevy's zebras (Equus grevyi)

OBJECTIVE: To determine ECG and echocardiographic measurements in healthy anesthetized Grevy's zebras (Equus grevyi). ANIMALS: 20 healthy zebras. PROCEDURES: Auscultation, base-apex ECG, and echocardiography were performed on anesthetized zebras. RESULTS: Low-grade systolic murmurs were detected in the left basilar region in 4 of 20 zebras. Evaluation of ECGs from 19 zebras revealed sinus rhythm with a predominantly negative QRS complex and a mean +/- SD heart rate of 67 +/- 10 beats/min. Echocardiograms of sufficient image quality were obtained for 16 zebras. Interventricular septal thickness in diastole, left ventricular chamber in diastole and systole, left atrial diameter, and left ventricular mass were significantly and moderately correlated with estimated body weight (r values ranged from 0.650 to 0.884). Detectable swirling of blood in the right and sometimes the left ventricles was detected in 9 of 16 zebras, whereas physiologic regurgitation of blood was detected for the aortic valve in 3 zebras, pulmonary valve in 2 zebras, mitral valve in 2 zebras, and tricuspid valve in 1 zebra. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this study provide reference information for use in the cardiac evaluation of anesthetized Grevy's zebras.     

Therapeutic trial of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor for dilated cardiomyopathy in three dogs

Three dogs were presented to us for evaluation of cardiac problems. Electrocardiographic recordings revealed severe tachyarrhythmia and atrial fibrillation with ventricular tachycardia in 2 of the 3 dogs. The echocardiographic findings of the 3 dogs revealed markedly decreased fractional shortening and a marked increase in E-point septal separation. Based on the results of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluation, the 3 dogs were diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The dogs were treated with conventional cardiac medication, but cardiac function did not improve and the clinical signs remained. We subsequently attempted treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF; 10 microg/kg, subcutaneously). The specific purpose of G-CSF therapy for DCM was to improve cardiac function and a significant improvement in cardiac function was confirmed. The three dogs had no treatment side effects. This case report suggests that G-CSF might have therapeutic effects for medically refractory DCM in dogs.     

我国红皮梨的研究进展

梨是我国人民最喜爱食用的水果之一,它肉质脆腻多汁,酸甜可口,含有多种营养成分,有的还具有芳香.梨树的适应性极强,北起黑龙江,南至广东,西起新疆,东到海滨.梨树对栽培管理条件要求不高,且产量较高,不论山地、丘陵、沙荒地、盐碱地还是红壤均可种植.因此我国梨果业得以不断发展壮大,目前我国的梨树的栽培面积和产量均居世界首位,梨果总产量,相当于当今世界梨果总产量的47.8%.但是我国目前生产上栽培的梨树品种单一,几乎纯粹为黄皮梨或褐皮梨,仅黄皮梨砀山酥和鸭梨就占全国面积的80%以上,随着国际市场的日益放开,很难适应国际市场的需求.而红皮梨在国际市场上倍受消费者的青睐,研究推广红皮梨具有广阔的前途.我国梨树的科研工作起步较晚,但广大科研工作者开始就非常重视红皮梨资源的收集、调查和育种工作,并取得巨大的成就.     

基于VI技术的农用动平衡机测量系统

采用虚拟仪器（VI）技术设计了农用旋转机械动同测量系统，探讨了硬件和软件设计的核心技术，解决了现场可调和模块化设计、数据库管理及高速实时处理等综合问题，给出了农用碟片式胶乳分离机整机动平衡实验过程和结果。